FINAL OWNING OUR AIR The West Oakland Community Action Plan — Volume 1: The Plan October 2019 A joint project of the Bay Area Air Quality Management District and West Oakland Environmental Indicators Project West Oakland Environmental Indicators Project Owning Our Air: The West Oakland Community Action Plan Volume 1 Owning Our Air: The West Oakland Community Action Plan Table of Contents VOLUME 1 Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................. ES-1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ I-1 Chapter 1 – Purpose and Scope ............................................................................................................. 2-1 Chapter 2 – Community Description ...................................................................................................... 2-1 Chapter 3 – Community Engagement .................................................................................................... 3-1 Chapter 4 – Goal and Targets ................................................................................................................. 4-1 Chapter 5 – Technical Assessment ......................................................................................................... 5-1 Chapter 6 – Strategies and Implementation .......................................................................................... 6-1 Chapter 7 – Enforcement ....................................................................................................................... 7-1 Chapter 8 – Tracking Progress ................................................................................................................ 8-1 References ............................................................................................................................................. R-1 Glossary ................................................................................................................................................ G-1 VOLUME 2 Appendix A – Technical Support Document .......................................................................................... A-1 Appendix B – Community Engagement Materials .................................................................................. B-1 Appendix C – Steering Committee Charter and Participation Agreement ............................................. C-1 Appendix D – Strategies and Implementation Background ................................................................... D-1 Appendix E – Enforcement Support Document ..................................................................................... E-1 Tables Table 5-1. List of West Oakland Sources Inventoried and Modeled vs. Inventoried Only ...................... 5-5 Table 5-2. 2017 West Oakland Emissions Summary in tons per year (with cancer risk weighting for toxics)..................................................................................................................................................... 5-7 Table 5-3. 2024 West Oakland Emissions Summary in tons per year (with cancer risk weighting for toxics)................................................................................................................................................... 5-24 Table 6-1. West Oakland Diesel PM Emissions Summaries and Differences (tons per year) ................ 6-11 Table 6-2. West Oakland Cancer Risk-Weighted Toxics Emissions Summaries and Differences (risk- weighted tons per year) ....................................................................................................................... 6-15 Table 6-3 West Oakland PM2.5 Emissions Summaries and Differences (tons per year) ........................ 6-18 Table 6-4. Owning Our Air: The West Oakland Community Action Plan Implementation Schedule .... 6-21 Table 6-5. Further Study Measures ...................................................................................................... 6-32 Table 7-1. Enforcement History of Heavy-Duty Vehicles in West Oakland............................................. 7-9 i Owning Our Air: The West Oakland Community Action Plan Table 7-2. Marine Enforcement History (2016-2018) .......................................................................... 7-13 Table 7-3. Consumer Products Investigations (2017) ........................................................................... 7-16 Table 8-1: Example Tracking Metrics ..................................................................................................... 8-2 Figures Figure 2-1. Owning Our Air: The West Oakland Community Action Plan Location and Area Boundary . 2-1 Figure 2-2. Home Owners' Loan Corporation Redlining Loan Rating Policy (1937) ................................ 2-2 Figure 2-3. Residential Zones and Sensitive Receptors in West Oakland ............................................... 2-4 Figure 2-4. CalEnviroScreen 3.0 Pollution Burden Percentile Score ....................................................... 2-5 Figure 2-5. Race Demographics for West Oakland, Alameda County, and the Bay Area ........................ 2-6 Figure 2-6. Educational Attainment, Poverty, and Unemployment in West Oakland, Alameda County, and the Bay Area .................................................................................................................................... 2-7 Figure 2-7. Life Expectancy at Birth by Race/Ethnicity in Alameda County ............................................ 2-8 Figure 2-8. Life Expectancy at Birth for Alameda County14 .................................................................... 2-8 Figure 2-9. Life Expectancy at Birth for West Oakland and Alameda County ......................................... 2-9 Figure 2-10. Health Indicators in West Oakland and Alameda County ................................................. 2-10 Figure 2-11. Asthma Rates for Children Under 5 Years of Age in West Oakland and Alameda County 2-11 Figure 2-12. Air Pollution Emission Sources in West Oakland .............................................................. 2-12 Figure 3-1. Steering Committee Kick-Off Meeting, July 2018 ................................................................. 3-3 Figure 3-2. Steering Committee Kick-Off Meeting Orientation Packet ................................................... 3-3 Figure 3-3. Steering Committee Mapping West Oakland ....................................................................... 3-6 Figure 4-1. Regional and Local Cancer Risk in West Oakland (see Table 5-1 for a complete list of sources included and not included in the model) .............................................................................................. 4-2 Figure 4-2. West Oakland Neighborhood Zones and areas with high measured levels of black carbon 4-3 Figure 4-3. West Oakland Neighborhoods with Different Local Cancer Risks ........................................ 4-4 Figure 4-4. Goal and Targets for the Plan ............................................................................................... 4-7 Figure 5-1. Regional-Scale Modeling Area ............................................................................................. 5-3 Figure 5-2. West Oakland Community-Scale Modeling Area with Locations of Modeled Emissions ...... 5-3 Figure 5-3. Percent of West Oakland Population by Census Block ......................................................... 5-4 Figure 5-4. 2017 West Oakland Emissions Summary for Top-Level Source Categories in tons per year (with cancer risk weighting for toxics) ................................................................................................... 5-9 Figure 5-5. Intensity of Diesel PM Air Pollution Contributed by Local Sources in West Oakland (2017). (Map tiles: Stamen Design; Data: OpenStreetMap) ............................................................................. 5-10 Figure 5-6. Unequal Impacts: Diesel PM Across West Oakland (2017) ................................................. 5-11 Figure 5-7. Local Impact Zones ............................................................................................................. 5-12 Figure 5-8. Local vs. Regional Contributions for Diesel PM, Cancer Risk, and PM2.5 ............................. 5-13 ii Owning Our Air: The West Oakland Community Action Plan Figure 5-9. a-b. Pie Charts Showing the Mix of Sources Contributing to Local Enhancement of Ambient Concentrations (2017) for (a) Diesel PM and (b) Cancer Risk. (Map tiles: Stamen Design; Data: OpenStreetMap) .................................................................................................................................. 5-15 Figure 5-10. Impact per Ton of Emissions: Diesel PM in West Oakland (2017) .................................... 5-17 Figure 5-11. Targets and Source Apportionment for Diesel PM in 2017 (Baseline) ............................. 5-19 Figure 5-12. Targets and Source Apportionment for Diesel PM in 2024 (Without the Plan) ................ 5-19 Figure 5-13. Targets and Source Apportionment for Cancer Risk in 2017 (Baseline) ........................... 5-20 Figure 5-14. Targets and Source Apportionment for Cancer Risk in 2024 (Without the Plan) ............. 5-20 Figure 5-15. Targets and Source Apportionment for PM2.5 in 2017 (Baseline) ..................................... 5-21 Figure 5-16. Targets