Green Infrastructure governance approaches in the Alpine Space Status analysis in selected Alpine Metropolitan regions and case studies Project Acronym LUIGI Project Title Linking Urban and Inner-Alpine Green Infrastructure-Multifunctional ecosystem services for more liveable territories Project Number ASP863 Work Package WP3 – Participatory and governance approaches for spatial development of GI in the pilot regions of LUIGI Activity A.3.1 Pilot-regions identification, status analysis and governance approaches for GIs within the Alpine Space Deliverable D.3.1.1. Status analysis of GI governance in the LUIGI pilot regions Version final Status Freising, 30th December 2020 Authors Linda Schrapp, Katalin Czippán, Peter Blum, Markus Reinke (University of Ap- plied Sciences Weihenstephan-Triesdorf) Rico Hübner, Werner Rolf (Technical University of Munich) Co-Authors Egarter Vigl Lukas, Heidi Simion, Valentina Giombini (EURAC), Ellen Dankowski (alp Bayern), Yann Kohler (Grenoble-Alpes Métropole), Letizia Arneodo (AL- PARC), Thomas Böhm (Regional management Burgenland), Manuela Brückler, Philipp Vesely (Salzburg Institute for Regional Planning and Housing), Angelika Abderhalden (Foundation Pro Terra Engadine), Jože Hladnik, Irena Bertoncelj, Klara Rekič (Agricultural Institute of Slovenia), Diana Golob-Mrak (Development Agency of Idrija and Cerkno), Silvia Lo Monaco, Daniele Zucchelli (Metropolitan City of Milan), Simonetta Alberico (Metropolitan City of Turin) Preferred citation Schrapp, L.; Hübner, R.; Rolf, W.; Czippán, K.; Blum, P.; Reinke, M. (2020). Green Infrastructure governance approaches in the Alpine Space – Status analysis in selected Alpine Metropolitan regions and case studies. D.3.1.1. of the Interreg Alpine Space project “LUIGI”. GI-governance approaches in the Alpine Space 2 Content Content ........................................................................................................................... 3 List of Figures .................................................................................................................. 1 List of Tables ................................................................................................................... 4 Abbreviations .................................................................................................................. 5 1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 6 1.1 What is LUIGI? .......................................................................................................................... 6 1.2 Scope of this report.................................................................................................................. 7 2 The regional governance framework for Green Infrastructure ........................ 8 2.1 The concept of Green Infrastructure (GI) ................................................................................ 8 2.2 Green Infrastructure and Governance ................................................................................... 12 3 Methodology .................................................................................................... 18 3.1 General approach .................................................................................................................. 18 3.2 Selection of good practice areas ............................................................................................ 20 3.3 Selection of LUIGI case studies .............................................................................................. 22 3.4 Results of the prioritisation ................................................................................................... 23 4 The LUIGI pilot regions and case study areas .................................................. 25 4.1 Central Area of Salzburg, Austria ........................................................................................... 25 4.2 South Burgenland, Austria ..................................................................................................... 31 4.3 Canton of Grisons, Switzerland .............................................................................................. 44 4.4 Munich Metropolitan Region, Germany ................................................................................ 57 4.5 Parc Naturel Régonal du Massif des Bauges, France ............................................................. 70 4.6 Metropolitan Region of Grenoble, France ............................................................................. 78 4.7 Metropolitan City of Milano, Italy ......................................................................................... 84 4.8 South Tyrol, Italy .................................................................................................................. 102 4.9 Metropolitan City of Turin, Italy .......................................................................................... 114 4.10 Goriška Region, Slovenia ...................................................................................................... 123 5 Summary ........................................................................................................ 131 5.1 Relevant stakeholder groups ............................................................................................... 131 5.2 Differences in planning families and territorial government systems ................................. 132 5.3 Representativity and multifunctionality of identified case studies ..................................... 133 3 GI-governance approaches in the Alpine Space 5.4 Challenges for key Alpine Green infrastructure................................................................... 134 5.5 Solution pathways identified ............................................................................................... 136 6 Outlook .......................................................................................................... 137 References .................................................................................................................. 138 Acknowledgement ...................................................................................................... 147 Photo sources & copyright .......................................................................................... 147 Annex .......................................................................................................................... 148 6.1 A – Glossary .......................................................................................................................... 148 6.2 B – Guideline on the good practice areas ............................................................................ 149 4 GI-governance approaches in the Alpine Space List of Figures Figure 1: Main aims and objectives and planning principles providing a fundamental basis for urban green infrastructure planning (Hansen et al., 2017, Rolf, 2020). ..................................... 11 Figure 2: Four ideal-typical governance arrangements (Frahm and Martin, 2009) ........................ 14 Figure 3: Structure of legal responsibilities in Europe exemplified for Germany............................ 15 Figure 4: The four axis of regional governance (Hogl et al., 2008) .................................................. 15 Figure 5: Tetrahedron of four different dimensions of governance ............................................... 17 Figure 6: Flow of information between WP3 lead, pilot coordinators and observers .................... 18 Figure 7: Strategy for status, in-depth analysis and implementation of LUIGI case studies in the progress of the LUIGI project ............................................................................................ 20 Figure 8: Location of the LUIGI pilot regions in the Alpine Space ................................................... 23 Figure 9: Characterisation and map overview of the pilot region Central Area of Salzburg ........... 25 Figure 10: Characteristic view on the City of Salzburg divided by the Salzach river. The fortress is visible from afar in the centre of the city .................................................................................... 26 Figure 11: A near-natural remaining moor in the northeast of the city of Salzburg and the renatured Söllheimer Bach ................................................................................................................ 26 Figure 12: Characterisation and map overview of the pilot region South Burgenland, Austria ....... 31 Figure 13: Typical small village in South Burgenland with large orchard meadows ......................... 32 Figure 14: Scattered village with wineyards and orchard meadows in Rechnitz .............................. 32 Figure 15: Landscape in the Nature park Geschriebenstein with orchard meadows between the vineyards ........................................................................................................................... 33 Figure 16: Orchard meadows with over-aged trees showing mistletoe infestation ......................... 33 Figure 17: Castle of Lockenhaus in the Nature Park Geschriebenstein ............................................. 36 Figure 18: Vineyards and orchards in Rechnitz.................................................................................. 36 Figure 19: Traditional houses in the Kellerviertel Heiligenbrunn, Nature Park Weinidylle ..............