10Mb/s Extended Reach Single Twisted Pair Ethernet PHY Call for Interest IEEE 802.3 Ethernet Working Group 1 CFI Panel Members Chair and Presenter: Supporters and experts for the Question and Answer session 2 Supporters - Page 1 3 Supporters - Page 2 4 CFI Objective . To gauge the interest in starting a Study Group for: 10Mb/s Extended Reach Single Twisted Pair Ethernet PHY . This meeting will NOT: . Fully explore the problem . Debate strengths and weaknesses of solutions . Choose a solution . Create a PAR or 5 Criteria . Create a standard or specification 5 Agenda . Industrial Networking Market Need . Industrial Networking Solution Requirements . Target Markets . Market Potential . Technical Feasibility . CFI Proposal . Q&A . Straw Polls 6 Industrial Networking Market Need 7 Industrial Automation Landscape Factory . Factory Automation Automation . Discrete units of output (Discrete) . Rapid operations . Process Automation . Continuous output . Expansive applications Batch . Often hazardous Automation (Hybrid) . Batch Automation . Batch output Process . Combination of both Automation continuous and discrete (Continuous) 8 Ethernet Conversion Gap in Industrial Networking . Ethernet is propagating . Desire to converge on one network type . Non-Ethernet fieldbuses still required to complete communications to the edge . Challenges: Cost, reach, special environments Credit: Dr. Raimund Sommer, Endress + Hauser, ODVA Industry Conference, Oct. 2014. Ethernet Gap 9 Too Many Fieldbus Variants Partial list… . Big challenges for end users Process Discrete . Labor skills FOUNDATION PROFIBUS DP . Installation complexity Fieldbus H1 PROFIBUS PA DeviceNet . Maintenance complexity HART CANOpen . Interoperation issues Modbus CC-Link Many Ethernet Variant Application INTERBUS EtherNet/IP Gateways PROFINET CompoNet FF HSE AS-Interface Modbus TCP HART-IP IO-Link Fieldbus 10 Cannot Meet New Application Needs: Higher Rates from the Edge . IIoT, Big Data, and Analytics . Embedded web servers . High-speed data logging . Installation and . Production details, equipment maintenance conditions, environment state, energy consumption,… . Optimization, maintenance, . Video safety, compliance,… . Reduced footsteps . Safety . Product quality sensor . Security 11 Industrial Networking Solution Requirements: Why 10Mb/s Extended Reach Single Twisted Pair Ethernet PHY? 12 Why Ethernet to the Edge? . Single network paradigm . Contemporary features . Leverages of economy of scale . Security . Reduces complex gateways . Embedded web servers . More rapid commissioning . No dongles or special apps . More rapid fault diagnosis and repair . Larger pool of talent to install and manage 13 Why 10Mb/s and Extended Reach? Fieldbus Longest Reach Highest Rate . Common fieldbuses PROFIBUS DP 9.6kb/s @ 1200m 12Mb/s @ 100m reach 400-5000m CANopen 10kb/s @ 5000m 1Mb/s @ 20m . 1200m believed to address most fieldbus Modbus RTU 100kb/s @ 1200m 2Mb/s @ 50m applications CC-Link 156kb/s @ 1200m 10Mb/s @ 100m 1200 baud @ 1524m (24AWG) HART No enhanced rate . Common fieldbuses 1200 baud @ 3048m have rates up to 12Mb/s (20AWG) DeviceNet 125kb/s @ 500m 500kb/s @ 100m . 10Mb/s addresses most fieldbus applications ControlNet 5Mb/s @ 1000m No enhanced rate INTERBUS 500kb/s @ 400m No enhanced rate . Enables a standard MAC FOUNDATION H1 31.25kb/s @ 1900m No enhanced rate PROFIBUS PA 31.25kb/s @ 1900m No enhanced rate 14 Why Single Twisted Pair? . Many applications run for Fieldbus Cable Type Cable Power decades and upgrade multiple times FOUNDATION H1 FF-844 specified Yes . Lengthy fieldbus cables are HART Various Yes expensive to run (often in conduit) PROFIBUS PA IEC 61158 Type A* Yes . End nodes are easy to replace 4-20mA SP-50 instrumentation cable Yes Cable Reuse Valuable Cable Reuse . Certain cables are certified CANopen EIA-485* Yes Modbus RTU EIA-485* No CC-Link, Ver.1.10 specified . Single Twisted Pair is most CC-Link No common Shielded, 3- & 5-core ODVA DeviceNet specified DeviceNet Yes . Usually shielded (5-core, various classes) . Some devices require power ControlNet RG-6/U Coaxial No over the same pair INTERBUS 3 / 6 no. twisted pairs, various Yes . New PoDL CFI / Amendment? PROFIBUS DP IEC 61158 Type A (22AWG?) No 15 Why Single Twisted Pair? . Expected benefits: . Less complex to install . Lower cost . Smaller size . Benefits enable a large volume of small and cost-sensitive Factory Automation components to migrate to Ethernet . Previously un-networked discrete devices . Low end fieldbus devices 16 Summary: Why 10Mb/s Extended Reach Single Twisted Pair Ethernet PHY? . Desire to have one network type throughout facility/factory/plant . Alternative to hugely fragmented Fieldbus landscape . Ease of installation . Single pair essential – lower skilled labour force . Ease of maintenance . Availability of Ethernet knowledge and networking configuration . Lower Total Cost of Ownership . Greater bandwidth required to support Industry 4.0 / Smart Factory / IIoT . Enabling new use cases with higher throughput, lower latency . Sensors running web servers! . Improved efficiencies . Existing Ethernet standards not addressing needs 17 Target Markets 18 Potential Markets . Industrial Automation . The dominant driving market for this CFI . Landscape breakdown described previously: . Process Automation . Factory Automation . Hybrid . Large market potential (i.e. port count) A 10Mb/s Extended Reach Single Twisted Pair Ethernet PHY anticipates significant leverage across other segments including: . Building Automation . Lighting Systems (Reference July 2014 IEEE 802 BoF “I Feel the Need… for Low Speed” (Carlson/Kennedy)) 19 Case Study – Process Automation Networked Devices . Largely Ethernet . Controllers . Stations . Servers . Largely Fieldbus . Flow . Level . Pressure . Temperature . Loggers and displays . Analytics . Bulk of nodes 20 Case Study – Process Automation Application Characteristics Same Devices Some Low Cost Extended Reach Shorter Reach Process Plants Process Skids 21 Case Study – Process Automation Networking History & Trends Pneumatics -> Electronics Analog -> Digital Pt-Pt -> Networks Ethernet Increased rates 10/100M Increased devices Fieldbus <100m, non-IS Mostly “Brownfield” updates 31.25 kb/s Digital HART Network 1200 baud 4-20 mA Instruments Pt-Pt CFI Pneumatic Actuators Pneumatics ~1950 1986 1996 2005 22 Case Study – Process Automation User Requirements . NAMUR Example . User Association of Automation Technology in Process Industries . Defines requirements for Fieldbus in Process Organisation (NE 74) . Select NE 74 Highlights . Flexible topology, cable length up to 1000m, spur up to 200m . 2-wire cable for data and power . Connection technology must be robust and easy to use, if possible by using existing cable infrastructure 23 Case Study – Process Automation Intrinsic Safety . “Intrinsic safety (IS) is a protection technique for safe operation of electrical equipment in hazardous areas by limiting the energy, electrical and thermal, available for ignition” - Wikipedia . Requirement within Industrial Process and Batch . Certification is of the networked equipment – not of the IEEE PHY . The PHY should not preclude the design of IS networked equipment Credit: Example Ignition Curve from CENELEC standard EN 50020 24 Case Study – Discrete Automation . On-machine devices Discrete Devices . Sensors (e.g. proximity, photoelectric,…) . Pushbutton stations, Tower Lights . Motor starters . In-cabinet devices . Pushbuttons Industrial Ethernet . Indicators . Overload relays . Motor starters . Soft starters . Power supplies Discrete wires Discrete wires Discrete wires . Safety sensors and actuators . E-Stops, Light curtains, Safety sensors, safety Safety contactors,… In-cabinet On-machine 25 Case Study – Discrete Automation Fieldbus Devices . Sensors . Valves . Encoders . Pushbutton stations Industrial Ethernet . Tower lights . Motor starters . Overload relays Fieldbus1 Fieldbus2 . Soft starters . Power supplies . …… 26 Case Study – Discrete Automation Networking History & Trends Fieldbus Industrial Ethernet Discrete wires Industrial Ethernet Discrete wires IO-Link Fieldbus S S S S S S S S S S S S Industrial Ethernet for Local I/O Remote I/O Industrial Ethernet for both control and field discrete wires, Fieldbus, control, fieldbus/IO-Link smart devices? Dumb devices Dumb devices for smart devices 1980s 1990s 2000s-2010s 2020s? 27 Case Study – Discrete Automation In-cabinet Application . IP20 protection level . Open connection . Manual wiring . Bus or daisy-chain topology . Short distance (<5m) . High node density . Pushbuttons, indicator and displays on door, other components in cabinet; . Mix of dumb wired and fieldbus devices 28 Case Study – Discrete Automation On-Machine Application . IP60 and higher protection level . Simple installation . Fast maintenance . Daisy-chain or Star topology . Most <50m distance . Mixed with extended reach . Power and communication in one cable . Standard and safety control 29 Case Study – Discrete Automation User Requirements ► Low cost ($1-2 incremental cost) ► Small size (<10cm2, 5cm2 may be typical) ► Low device power (<1W, 500mW may be typical) ► Adequate bandwidth (10Mb/s) ► Simple installation (wire reduction) ► Easy to use (common standard technology, good integration into control and supervisory system) 30 Case Study – Discrete Automation Challenges and Needs ► Today’s Industrial Ethernet M12-D can not meet smart devices’ Cat5e or above requirements . Cost is not low enough . Size is not small enough . Power is not low enough ► Lower cost,