— MEDIUM VOLTAGE PRODUCTS Outdoor switching points Catalogue — Outdoor switching points Catalogue 2 OUTDOOR SWITCHING POINTS OUTDOOR SWITCHING POINTS CATALOGUE 3 — Table of contents 4 – 14 1. Introduction 4 11.1. Feeder automation drivers 4 – 5 1.2. Reliability indexes of energy supply 5 1.3. Zone concept in grid automation 6 1.4. Benefits of zone concept 6 – 7 1.5. Automation concepts for distribution network 7 1.6. Automatic sectionalizer based on voltage signal 8 1.7. Automatic sectionalizer based on fault current detection 9 1.8. Automatic sectionalizer based on fault current detection and voltage signal 10 1.9. Sectionalization with DMS 11 1.10. Sectionalization with DMS and ring network 12 1.11. Switching point - main modules 13 – 14 1.12. Automation levels 15 – 16 2. Sectos pole mounted SF6 load break switch 16 2.1. Basic configurations 17 3. Manual drives 18 – 22 4. Motor drives and control cabinets 18 4.1. Motor drive accessible from ground level UEMC50 19 4.2. Motor drive integrated with switch disconnector UEMC40K8 and control cabinet UEMC-A 20 4.3. Communication modules 21 4.4. Monitoring and remote control (level 2) 22 4.5. Monitoring, control and fault detection (level 3) 23 5. Current measurement 23 5.1. Current transformers KOKU 23 5.2. Voltage sensors 24 6. Supply voltage transformer VOL 25 7. Surge arresters POLIM 26 8. Supporting structures 27 9. Switching point accessories 28 10. Selection form 29 11. Configuration's example 4 OUTDOOR SWITCHING POINTS — Introduction 1.1. Feeder automation drivers 1.1.4 Improvement of safety for the utility In modern energy distribution there are few main personnel factors which drives network automation: The biggest asset of every company are people. • Improvement of the quality of the power supply Increase work safety is the priority for most of • Improvement the operational efficiency companies. In outdoor overheads networks it • Effective utilization of distribution network could be realized by using high quality devices, • Improvement of safety for the utility personnel reduction of service trips and works in hard atmospheric conditions. 1.1.1. Improvement of the quality of the power supply Country regulators every year increase requirements 1.2 Energy supply reliability indexes. for energy's quality. Quality of energy it is not only Reliability indexes are defined by IEEE 1366 voltage's parameters (value, asymmetry, frequency standard. Below three most common indexes are etc.) but also continuity and reliability of power supply. explained. Many utilities have in their strategic Reliability of power supply is defined by international goal to reduce SAIDI, SAIFI, MAIFI indexes. standard by the indexes. There are three main indexes widely used by utilities SAIDI, SAIFI, MAIFI. Description SAIDI (System Average Interruption Duration of indexes in the following part. Index) is a sum of all interruption time from one year (in minutes), divided by overall number of 1.1.2 Improvement the operational efficiency customers. In other words it is overall time of Utilities operates on the competitive market, where interruptions during the year which could be customers demands quality of energy on particular expected by the customer. level and keeping competitive price. At the same time utilities have to deliver profits to owners. These SAIFI (System Average Interruption Frequency factors drives the need to look for new more effective Index) is a sum of all unplanned interruptions in solutions and tools. One of the method is to use one year, divided by overall number of customer. maintenance-free devices or with extended time It is average number of interruption in one year between service. which could be expected by customer. 1.1.3 Effective utilization of distribution network SAIDI and SAIFI indexes doesn't consider Growing demand on the electric energy, causes that interruptions shorter than 3 minutes. networks designed for smaller load are reaching the limits. Investment in new lines or modernization MAIFI (Momentary Average Interruption Frequency existing is the long-term and costly process. Index) is a sum of all unplanned short interruptions Therefore alternative solutions to deliver energy in (shorter than 3 minutes) in one year, divided by more effective way are required. For example reduce overall number of customer. Index of average transmission of reactive power and reduce outages. number of short interruptions in one year per customer. OUTDOOR SWITCHING POINTS CATALOGUE 5 — — customer has the supply of energy. In the above 01 01 concept, the main power line is divided intosub- Relation between SAIDI 3,5 Reduction and SAIFI and method of fault zones by reclosers, automatic sectionalizers, to reduce these indexes consequences 3 remotely controlled switch disconnectors. All Reduction apparatus are equipped with a remote control of fault consequences 2,5 • utilization Reduction option which is particularly useful for network SAIDI Average of fault risk of feeder automation 2 reconfiguration to restore energy. and Distribution Management Systems SAIFI 1,5 It is not practical to install only circuit breakers/ • fault localization SAIFI Average recloser at all branches. In most cases the switch • network 1 reconfiguration disconnector is sufficient. Damaged section and restoration 0,5 network can be isolated by remotely controlled • crew management and crew support switch disconnector, or an automatic sectionalizer 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 (switch disconnector equipped with short circuit Reduction of fault risk SAIDI (Minutes) • utilization of primary current detection and local automation). network concepts • construction and topology The zone concept can be extended step by step • feeder automation 1.3 Zone concept in modern energetics as the requirements grow and available funds. usage • asset management Increased requirements for uninterrupted The most sensitive zones are created by using • performance deliveries energy led to the creation of a concept small substations or zone circuit breakers/ monitoring dividing power supply areas into smaller areas. It reclosers. In the next steps, the zone is divided into was called Zone Concept. smaller sub-zones by switch disconnectors and The main concept is based on minimizing the area sectionalizers. without electricity in case of failure occurrence. The smaller the separated zone the less customers A complete solution requires a reliable, cost are without power in case of failure. effective and safe communication. In the traditional distribution network in the The most popular solution for overhead event of fault, usually the entire supplied line it is apparatus is connectivity using cellular network. disconnected. Cellular network is widely and easily available, Integration of protective functions and reclosing no additional investments in infrastructure are — deeper into the network distribution, leads needed by utility. Using a dedicated VPN channel 02 to selective switching off the damaged section and encryption security on the highest level is Example of local automation on one of the network. In this way unaffected branches ensured. network's branch of network remain with power supply and more — 02 6 OUTDOOR SWITCHING POINTS 1.4. Benefits of zone concept of network continuous improvement and long- High quality energy for consumers. The solution term investment strategies. The zone concept significantly reduces the quantity and length is also applicable in case of connection to the of energy supply interruptions as well fewer distribution network renewable energy sources customers experience voltage lost. Automation or new important customers. The zone concept allows faster and easier network management grows together with requirements, offering in the event of a failure. Power for customers is solutions both for today and for the future. restored faster and in a controlled manner. 1.5. Automation concepts for distribution Increased security power supply network In the first steps investments are directed in areas Sectioning can be carried out on several most exposed to failures. It is allowing to limit ways, using local automation: the impact of a failure only to a small area (zone), • based on a voltage signal which simultaneously improves reliability of the • based on the detection of short circuit current entire network. • based on the detection of short circuit current and voltage signal Effective use of the distribution network Implementation of communication in the The next step is integration with centralized distribution network with the central system automation system SCADA type. With this SCADA/DMS allows to effectively use the whole solution you can manage a much larger area of network. Disturbance states can be effective distribution network. You can use local automation eliminated thanks to precise functions of to coordinate only for one branch of the network, short-circuit localization and DMS (Distribution for each branch it is set independently. At the Management System). In case of failure circuit beginning of each branch must be located circuit breaker/recloser, thanks to protection relay breaker or recloser. function disconnects the damaged zone. Then the area directly affected by the failure is isolated The overhead distribution line is powered from the by remotely controlled switch disconnectors. station. A breaker is installed at the station (W) Power to other part of this zone is restored. with protection automation or at the beginning of the line branch the recloser with protection Effective