ROOT AND BUTT ROTS OF FOREST TREES 12th International Conference on Root and Butt Rots IUFRO Working Party 7.02.01 M. Garbelotto & P. Gonthier, Editors 12th-19th August 2007 Berkeley, California CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS Medford, Oregon (USA) CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS ROOT AND BUTT ROTS OF FOREST TREES 12th International Conference on Root and Butt Rots IUFRO Working Party 7.02.01 CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS M. Garbelotto & P. Gonthier, Editors 12th-19th August 2007 Berkeley, California - Medford, Oregon (USA) The University of California, Berkeley, USA 2008 ROOT AND BUTT ROTS OF FOREST TREES 12th International Conference on Root and Butt Rots IUFRO Working Party 7.02.01 M. Garbelotto & G. Filip, Organizers CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS M. Garbelotto & P. Gonthier, Editors 12th-19th August 2007 Berkeley, California - Medford, Oregon (USA) The University of California, Berkeley, USA 2008 th Proceedings of the 12 International Conference on Root and Butt Rots of Forest Trees 12th International Conference on Root and Butt Rots Organizing Committee Dr. Matteo Garbelotto Dr. Gregory Filip Ms. Ellen Goheen Ms. Amy Smith Scientific Committee Dr. Matteo Garbelotto, University of California at Berkeley, USA Dr. Paolo Gonthier, University of Torino, Italy Dr. Gregory Filip, USDA Forest Service, USA Technical Editing of Proceedings Ms. Rachel Linzer, University of California at Berkeley, USA The Conference was financially supported by: The Koret Foundation, San Francisco, CA United States Department of Agriculture, Pacific Southwestern Station University of California, Berkeley University of California, Agriculture and Natural Resources ISBN 9780615230764 Printed by: University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 © 2008 To cite this book: M. Garbelotto & P. Gonthier (Editors). Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Root and Butt Rots of Forest Trees. Berkeley, California - Medford, Oregon, 12th-19th August 2007. The University of California, Berkeley, USA, 2008. 264 pp. th Proceedings of the 12 International Conference on Root and Butt Rots of Forest Trees Foreword I would like to take the opportunity to thank everybody who made the 12th Root and Butt Rot meeting in California and Oregon, possible. In reality, this meeting amounted to three separate meetings. The idea behind the conference was to show the natural beauty of the American West to the attendees, while providing them with a flavor of the culture that characterizes this unique part of the world. I am sure the memories of dragons dancing in San Francisco‘s Chinatown, as well as riding in a cart in a hidden valley in the Sierra Nevada, or singing on the shores of an Oregon lake will be indelible memories for everybody. In these days of incredibly costly meetings, I hope everybody appreciated how affordable the meeting was, especially considering the quality of the lodging and food provided. I hope future organizers will keep in mind that, while it is easy to organize a meeting by charging a lot of money, it is much more of service to the scientific community to organize the same meeting at a lower cost for the attendees. Last year‘s meeting was also extremely rich from a scientific perspective, and these proceedings are a condensed version of the science that was presented there. One interesting novel addition to the standard format of these meetings was that of the ―Short Talks‖; these talks made up of a maximum of 7 slides and designed to last less than 5 minutes were a great idea and allowed for the communication of short or new projects. The meeting would have never been possible without funding provided by the Koret Foundation of San Francisco and by the United States Forest Service, and without all of the administrative work offered for free by the Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management at U.C. Berkeley. Amy Smith and Doug Schmidt from U.C. Berkeley made the meeting possible through their complete dedication before and during the Conference. William Woodruff, Pete Angwin, John Pronos, David Rizzo, Garey Slaughter, Patricia Maloney, Everett Hansen, Ellen and Don Goheen were instrumental for the field trips in California and Oregon. The most heartfelt ―Thank you!― to all of them both from Greg Filip and myself. Finally, thanks to Rachel Linzer, who made the publication of these proceedings possible. A scientific conference is not made up by the studies presented, but by the people who participated. I am grateful to all the attendees for their individual contributions, and I hope to see them all at the 13th Root and Butt Rot meeting in Italy. Your friend Matteo Garbelotto Organizing Chairman 12th International Conference IUFRO Working Party 7.02.01. th Proceedings of the 12 International Conference on Root and Butt Rots of Forest Trees Table of Contents Session I: Systematics, taxonomy and phylogeography 1 Chairs: P. Capretti (Italy), M.-S. Kim (USA) S. Tokuda, Y. Ota, T. Hattori. Morphology and ecology of 2 three Heterobasidion spp. from Japan. N. Keca, H. Solheim. Armillaria species in Norway. 6 N. Selochnik, K. Korhonen. The Armillaria species identified 11 with the aid of mating tests in Russia. R.E. Linzer, W.J. Otrosina, P. Gonthier, J. Bruhn, G. 15 Laflamme, G. Bussières, M. Garbelotto. Dispersal and horizontal genetic transfer in the evolutionary history of Heterobasidion annosum P ISG. M.-S. Kim, J.E. Stewart, R.L. James, R.K. Dumroese, N.B. 18 Klopfenstein. Molecular characterization of Fusarium spp. and biological control of Fusarium root disease in forest nurseries. L. Balbahri, S. Woodward. Is the UK population of 19 Heterobasidion annosum different to other European populations? Y. Ota,T. Hattori. Relationships among Japanese and 22 European Laetiporus based on phylogenetic analysis and incompatibility tests. N.B. Klopfenstein, M.-S. Kim, J.W. Hanna, G.I. McDonald. 25 Approaches to assess potential invasiveness of Armillaria ostoyae. Session II: Genomics and plant–pathogen interaction 26 Chairs: H. Solheim (Norway), S. Woodward (UK) P. Bonello, T.R. Gordon, D.A. Herms, D.L. Wood, N. Erbilgin. 27 Nature and ecological implications of pathogen-induced systemic resistance in conifers: a novel hypothesis. S. Woodward, M. Michelozzi. Monoterpenes as potential 32 markers for relative susceptibility of Sitka spruce to Heterobasidion annosum. th Proceedings of the 12 International Conference on Root and Butt Rots of Forest Trees P. Capretti, N. Luchi, M. Michelozzi, P. Bonello. Are terpenes 37 involved in cross induction of systemic susceptibility between Heterobasidion annosum and Diplodia pinea in Italian stone pine? A. Adomas, M. Lind, G. Swedjemark, C. Smith, R. Sederoff, 40 R. Finlay, Å. Olson, J. Stenlid, F.O. Asiegbu. Microarray analysis of conifers tree response to Heterobasidion annosum at different stages of organ development and disease resistance. M.A. Islam, R.N. Sturrock, A.K.M. Ekramoddoullah. 41 Histochemical and proteomics approaches to study host- pathogen interactions of the douglas-fir-Phellinus sulphurascens pathosystem. M. Cleary. Host response to infection by Armillaria ostoyae in 46 Douglas-fir, western hemlock and western redcedar in the southern interior of B.C. C.G. Fossdal, A.M. Hietala, I. Yakovlev, H. Solheim. Molecular 51 studies of Heterobasidion annosum s.l. during interaction with heartwood and the reaction zone of Norway spruce. G. Swedjemark. Differences in spread rate of Heterobasidion 54 spp. from clear felled or intact decayed Norway spruce to healthy neighbouring trees over a 13 year period. H. Kwaśna. Fungi inhabiting roots of trees and their stumps 58 and their effect on growth of Armillaria. P. Lech, A. Żółciak. Growth of Scots pine seedlings and 64 Armillaria ostoyae rhizomorphs under elevated air CO2 conditions. Session III: Genetics and population genetics 68 Chairs: B. Lung-Escarmant (France), W. Otrosina (USA) J. Stenlid, M. Garbelotto, U. Kües, J.B. Anderson, F. Martin, 69 H. Solheim. Sequencing the genome of the forest pathogen Heterobasidion annosum. Speaker: A. Adomas. S. Prospero, C. Dutech, B. Lung-Escarmant. Genetic structure 70 of Armillaria ostoyae in the Landes de Gascogne forest in south-western France. th Proceedings of the 12 International Conference on Root and Butt Rots of Forest Trees S.F. Covert, B. Higgins. Development of Phlebiopsis gigantea 75 as a biocontrol agent for annosum root disease in the southeastern United States. E. Hasegawa. Identification of genets of Armillaria tabescens 77 occurred on ornamental cherry trees along streets in Tsukuba City in Japan. Session IV: Aetiology and epidemiology 80 Chairs: O. Holdenrieder (Switzerland), J. Rönnberg (Sweden) D.M. Rizzo. Root disease in Yosemite Valley. 81 N.L. Dart, G.A. Chastagner, T.L. Peever. Spread of 82 Heterobasidion annosum in United States Pacific Northwest Christmas tree plantations. J. Rönnberg, S. Mårtensson, M. Berglund. Incidence of 86 Heterobasidion root and butt rot in first rotation Larix stands and justification for stump treatment. N. La Porta, L. Pedron. Incidence assessment of 90 Heterobasidion spp. in Italian Alps. P. Gonthier, R. Linzer, S. Ricca, F. Guglielmo, G. Nicolotti, M. 96 Garbelotto. Invasion of a North American Heterobasidion in central Italy and its hybridization with the European Heterobasidion annosum sensu stricto. M. Halsdor, B. Metzler. Losses in Quercus rubra infected by 102 the root pathogen Collybia fusipes in southwest Germany. J.A. Turner, RTV Fox. The importance of rhizomorphs in 106 Armillaria spp. B. Lung-Escarmant, J. Lemoine, F. Maugard, T. Aumonier. 111 Distribution of Heterobasidion annosum inoculum in the Landes de Gascogne forest: influence of soil and silvicultural practices. P. de Vita, P. Capretti, A. Trapero, M.E. Sánchez. Spread of 115 Heterobasidion abietinum in natural Abies pinsapo ecosystems. J.M. Salim, M.A. Pinard, S.S. Lee, S. Woodward. Stem 117 cankers of trees in dipterocarp forests: correlations with logging processes. th Proceedings of the 12 International Conference on Root and Butt Rots of Forest Trees Session V: Ecology 120 Chairs: P. Gonthier (Italy), D. Rigling (Switzerland) D.N. Appel. An analysis of the Texas oak wilt epidemic and 121 implications for unaffected forest ecosystems.