Loyola University Chicago Loyola eCommons Dissertations Theses and Dissertations 1985 An Anatomical and Physiological Investigation of the Infralimbic Region of the Rat Medial Frontal Cortex Robert T. Terreberry Loyola University Chicago Follow this and additional works at: https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_diss Part of the Anatomy Commons Recommended Citation Terreberry, Robert T., "An Anatomical and Physiological Investigation of the Infralimbic Region of the Rat Medial Frontal Cortex" (1985). Dissertations. 2465. https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_diss/2465 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at Loyola eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Loyola eCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License. Copyright © 1985 Robert T. Terreberry AN ANATOMICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE INFRALIMBIC REGION OF THE RAT MEDIAL FRONTAL CORTEX by Robert R. f!:._~'I'eberry A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Loyola University of Chicago in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy October 1985 DEDICATION To my family ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank my advisor Dr. E.J. Neafsey for his support, guidance, enthusiasm and insight which made this work possible. I would also like to thank the other members of the dissertation committee, Dr. T.S. Gray, Dr. C.C.C. O'Morchoe, Dr. R.S. Swenson and Dr. R.D. Wurster for their helpful and critical evaluation of this dissertation work. Finally, I would like to thank all the faculty, staff and students of the Department of Anatomy of Loyola University Medical Center for their support and encouragement during my tenure in the department. iii VITA The author, Robert R. Terreberry, is the son of Robert G. and Bette Terreberry. He was born on May 20, 1958 in Chicago, Illinois. His secondary education was obtained at Wheeling High School in Wheeling, Illinois, which he graduated from in June, 1976. In September of 1976 he entered Illinois Benedictine College in Lisle, Illinois and graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree in Biology in May of 1980. In August of 1980, he entered the Department of Anatomy of the Graduate School at Loyola University of Chicago. While ar Loyola, he received a Basic Science Fellowship and taught in the gross anatomy, histology and neuroscience courses. In 1984 he received a University Dissertation Fellowship. He is a member of the Society for Neuroscience, the American Association of Anatomists and the Society of Sigma XI. In November of 1985, he will begin a post-doctoral fellowship in the Department of Anatomy of the University of California Los Angeles under the supervision of Dr. Ronald M. Harper. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS DEDICATION . .•...........•....•...•................••...•...••••... ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .•.•••...•...•••••...•..•.....•••..•..•••.......•. i ii VITA .....•..•.....•.....•••.......••.............•••....•.•••...•. iv LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS .•.•••..•••••••..••••...••.•.•.•.•••••...... vii LIST OF FIGURES . .....•....•..•....•••.•...••..•..•••••.••..••....•. x LIST OF TABLES . •......•.•••••.••.•.•••••.•.••••.•••••.•••..•.•.• xiii CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION ..•••••••••• . .................. 1 II. REVIEW OF LITERATURE .• . ........................... 4 Central Visceral Control: A Brief Historical Review ..•• 5 Cortical Control of Autonomic Functions ••.••..•.••••••• 7 Cardiovascular Responses •••••..•••.••••.••••..•.••... 7 Respiratory Responses .•..••.••....•.••.••....•••.•.• 10 Rat Medial Frontal Cortex Cytoarchitecture •••..•..•••• 12 Anatomical Studies of MFC Connections •.••...•.•••..... 15 Central Autonomic Centers.................... ••• 17 Technical Considerations .......•••..•..•..••..•••..... 25 Horseradish Peroxidase Histochemistry ••.•••...••..•. 25 Intracortical Microstimula ti on .••..•....••.....•.••. 29 Specific Aims ......................................... 31 III. RAT MEDIAL FRONTAL CORTEX: A VISCERAL MOTOR REGION WITH A DIRECT PROJECTION TO THE SOLITARY NUCLEUS •••.•.•• 40 Abstract ................................................ 41 In troduc ti on .. .......................... ........... 41 Materials and Methods .. ......... 43 Results •..•.••..•..•• . ........ 46 Discussion •.•.....•.. ............ 48 v IV. AFFERENT CONNECTIONS TO THE RAT INFRALIMBIC AND PRELIMBIC CORTICES •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 59 Abstract ........................ •• 60 In troduc ti on .. .................. • • 60 Materials and Methods ••• • ••• 61 Results ••••• •••• 63 Discussion •• . ..... 69 V. EFFERENT CONNECTIONS FROM THE RAT INFRALIMBIC AND PRELIMBIC CORTICES ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 108 Abstract ••••••••••••• .109 Introduction ••••••••• .109 Materials and Methods •• .110 Results ••••••••..•• .112 Discussion ••••••••• .. .. .. .. .122 VI. PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES ELICITED FROM THE RAT MEDIAL FRONTAL CORTEX •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 170 Abstract ••••••••• . .••..•.••.•••....••... 171 Introduction ••••• • •••• 171 Materials and Methods •• .173 Results ••••••••••••••••• ••••••• 17 9 Discussion •••••••••••••• • •• 186 VII. DISCUSSION •••••••••.•.•••••.••••••••••••••••.••.•••••.. 213 VIII. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS •••••••••••••••••• ,., ••••••••••• 219 BIBLIOGRAPHY ••••••• •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 222 vi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ac anterior commissure AC anterior cingulate cortex ACd anterior cingulate cortex, dorsal division ACv anterior cingulate cortex, ventral division AgM agranular medial cortex AM anteromedial thalamic nucleus AP area postrema AV anteroventral thalamic nucleus BLa basolateral nucleus amygdala BM basomedial nucleus amygdala CAl field CAI of Ammon's horn (hippocampus) CA2 field CA2 of Ammon's horn (hippocampus) CA3 field CA3 of Ammon's horn (hippocampus) cc corpus callosum Ce central nucleus amygdala Cem centromedial thalamic nucleus CG central gray CL centrolateral thalamic nucleus CLi caudal linear raphe nucleus CP cerebral peduncle Cun nucleus cuneiformis Dk nucleus Darkschewitsch dlNTS dorsolateral nucleus solitary tract DMN deep mesencephalic nucleus DMN x dorsal motor nucleus vagus DPB dorsal parabrachial nucleus DPC dorsal peduncular cortex dPSR dorsal parasolitarius region DR dorsal raphe DTg dorsal tegmental nucleus of Gudden ECN external cuneate nucleus F fornix fc fasciculus cuneatus FR fasciculus retroflexus GN nucleus gracilis ic internal capsule IC inferior colliculus icp inferior cerebellar peduncle IL infralimbic cortex INC interstitial nucleus Cajal iNTS interstitial nucleus solitary tract INTS intermediate nucleus solitary tract IO inferior olive La lateral nucleus amygdala LC locus coeruleus vii LD lateral dorsal thalamic nucleus LDTg lateral dorsal tegmental nucleus LCD lateral geniculate, dorsal LGV lateral geniculate, ventral LH lateral hypothalamus LP lateral posterior thalamic nucleus LPO lateral preoptic area lPSR lateral parasolitarius region LR lateral reticular nucleus LV lateral vestibular nucleus mes 5 mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus MD mediodorsal thalamic nucleus MGD medial geniculate, dorsal MGM medial geniculate, magnocellular MH medial habenular nucleus ml medial lemniscus MnR median raphe nucleus mNTS medial nucleus solitary tract MS medial septum mtt mammillothalamic tract mV motor trigeminal nucleus MV medial vestibular nucleus NA nucleus ambiguus NC nucleus cuneatus NTS nucleus solitary tract oc optic chiasm OT optic tract PBN parabrachial nuclei PC posterior commissure Pc paracentral thalamic nucleus Pf parafascicular nucleus PGi paragigantocellular reticular nucleus PL pre limbic cortex Pn pontine nuclei PnO pontine reticular nucleus, oralis PO posterior thalamic nucleus PrH nucleus prepositus hypoglossi PRT pretectum Pt parataenial thalamic nucleus pV principal sensory trigeminal nucleus PV paraventricular thalamic nucleus PY pyramidal tract pyx decussation pyramidal tract R thalamic reticular nucleus Re reuniens thalamic nucleus Rh rhomboid thalamic nucleus RMg nucleus raphe magnus viii RN red nucleus RPn nucleus raphe pontis SC superior colliculus scp superior cerebellar peduncle SG suprageniculate nucleus sm stria medullaris SM submedius thalamic nucleus SNc substantia nigra, pars compacta SNr substantia nigra, pars reticulata sPf subparafascicular nucleus spV spinal trigeminal nucleus Sp Ve spinal vestibular nucleus st stria terminalis Str stria tum sv superior vestibular nucleus ts solitary tract tt taenia tecta VB ventrobasal thalamic nucleus VDBV ventral division, vertical nucleus diagonal band VL ventrolateral thalamic nucleus vlNTS ventrolateral nucleus solitary tract VM ventromedial thalamic nucleus vNTS ventral nucleus solitary tract VP ventral pallidum VPB ventral parabrachial nucleus vPSR ventral parasolitarius region VTA ventral tegmental area VII facial motor nucleus xscp decussation superior cerebellar peduncle XII hypoglossal nucleus ZI zona incerta 3V third ventricle 4V fourth ventricle ix LIST OF FIGURES CHAPTER II: 1. Surface diagrams of the medial aspect of the rodent brain which demonstrate the topography of the cortical areas discussed in the present study .••.••.•. 35 2. Photomicrographs of the rat medial frontal cortex showing normal cytoarchi tee tu re ..•.•••••••............ 39 CHAPTER III: 1. Photomicrographs of retrogradely labeled neurons in the MFC after an injection of WGA-HRP into the dorsal medulla ..............................................