6 CHAPTER 2 THEORETICAL FOUNDATION Figure 2.1 Slow Fashion 2.1 Slow Fashion Slow fashion is designing, producing, consuming and living better. Slow fashion is quality based, not time based. Slow fashion means adopting a different approach in which 7 consumers, designers, retailers and buyers are aware of the effects of products on communities, ecosystem and workers. (Fletcher, 2007) Slow fashion is consuming and creating fashion with integrity. Slow fashion creates environmental and social awareness and responsibility by wearing lasting and well-made clothing. (Collings, 2018) 2.1.1 Eco-friendly Fashion According to Practical Action, eco-fashion is creating clothes that takes into account the health of the consumers, environment and the working conditions of people in the fashion industry. Here are criterias that makes fashion eco-friendly: ● Made using materials that doesn’t use a high amount of water to process, sometimes biodegradable. ● Harmful chemicals, like heavy dyes and bleaches are not used to colour fabrics. ● Packaging and clothes are often made from recycled and reused materials. ● Clothes last longer. ● Workers, producers, everyone involved in the business are paid fairly and have a decent working conditions. 2.1.2 Materials Linen is a biodegradable fabric; it is naturally moth resistant, strong and made from flax plant fibers. According to Merriam Webster, biodegradable is the capability of being broken 8 down into their basic substance through natural environmental process. Linen requires 60% less water to grow as the fabric is grown in wetter climates, therefore it relies solely on rainwater. Linen requires little energy to process. All of the parts of flax can be used to make other products, therefore there’s nothing is wasted. 2.2 Theories of User Interface Design User Interface (UI) Design is about anticipating users’ actions and making sure that it has elements that are easy for the users to understand, to access and making it possible for those actions. According to Jesse James Garrett’s in The Elements of User Experience: User-Centered Design for the Web and Beyond (2010), UI is a combination of concepts from interaction design, visual design and information architecture. 2.2.1 Interface Elements Users are familiar with interface elements being a certain way, so try to be as stable and foreseeable in your layout and choices. Doing so will help with task completion, efficiency, and satisfaction. (Morville & Rosenfeld, 2006) 9 Interface elements include but are not limited to: ● Input Controls: text fields, checkboxes, dropdown lists, radio buttons, list boxes, toggles, date field, buttons ● Navigational Components: slider, search field, pagination, slider, icons, breadcrumb, tags ● Containers: accordion ● Informational Components: tooltips, icons, notifications, message boxes, modal windows, progress bar There are times when different components may be proper for showing content. At the point when this occurs, it is critical to consider the trade-offs. For instance, components that save space such as a “dropdown button” may occasionally confuse clients by making them wonder what the feature is trying to accomplish. Everything comes from knowing your users, including understanding their objectives, abilities, inclinations, and propensities. When you think about your client, make a point to consider these points when planning your interface: 10 ● Keep the interface straightforward. The best interfaces are relatively undetectable to the users. They maintain a strategic distance from pointless components and are clear in the dialect they use on names and in informing. ● Make consistency and utilize regular UI components. By utilizing regular components in your UI, users will feel more at ease because they can accomplish things all the more rapidly. It is additionally critical to make designs in dialect, format and outline all through the site to help encourage effectiveness. Once a user figures out how to accomplish something, one ought to have the capacity to exchange that ability to different parts of the site. ● Be intentional in page design. Consider the spatial connections between things on the page and structure the page in light of significance. Watchful situation of things can help attract regard for the most essential snippets of data and can help filtering and clarity. ● Deliberately utilize texture and color. You can coordinate consideration toward or divert consideration far from things by utilizing light, complexity, colors and surface further bolstering your good fortune. ● Utilize typography to make chain of importance and lucidity. Painstakingly consider how you utilize typeface. Diverse sizes, textual styles, and plan of the content to help increment scannability, neatness and meaningfulness. 11 ● Ensure that the framework imparts what is going on. Continuously advise your user of area, activities, changes in state, or blunders. The utilization of different UI components to convey status and, if fundamental, subsequent stages can lessen disappointment for your user. ● Consider the defaults. Via precisely contemplating and foreseeing the objectives individuals convey to your site, you can make defaults that decrease the weight on the client. This turns out to be especially critical with regards to frame outline where you may have a chance to have a few fields pre-picked or rounded out. 2.3 Color Theories Noack (2010) guaranteed that the most critical factor in any outline is the color decisions the designer made. For a site, designers make its compositions, the practical impact and layout style, the basic complete touch for the most part based on the color. Holzschlag (2001) additionally concurred that the color shown on sites is not quite the same as expressions of an object or the arts, the color that shows up on sites can indicate distinctive impacts to the entire UI, in light of the fact that they can supplement or strife each other as its works in congruity or harmony. 12 2.3.1 Duotone Colors The name and procedure originates from printing presses. Duotone prints are made in two color of a similar shading or with dark and one tint. The procedure utilizes two color plates made with the screen set at various edges. Pipes (1997) further adds that duotone is frequently used to bring out center tones and features of a picture. Customarily the superimposed differentiating halftone shading is dark and the most usually actualized hues are blue, yellow, darker, and red, anyway there are numerous assortments of color blends utilized. Cousins (2016) believes that duotone adds an interesting twist to any design and flavour to pre-existing images. Figure 2.2.1 New Seal Design Utilize duotone to form a prevailing image. The fundamental visual for New Seal Design is enticing because of a striking color choice and imagery. Do not be perplexed to go outside of the comfort zone when it comes to working with duotone pictures; it’s alright to combine hues 13 and tints that might not match. The objective is to make a visual that requests consideration and incorporates plenty of differentiate for the picture to appear through. (Cousins, 2016) The following methods discusses the 7 ways to use duotone to the most extreme impact: ● Pick two differentiating colors or match brand colors. ● Select a photo with a centered picture range. Landscape can be troublesome to use. ● Start with a high quality picture. Foggy or destitute pictures and duotone don’t mix. ● Play with contrast. ● Consider spaces for typography and buttons. ● Pick colors that reflect the character of the photo. ● Set a duotone picture off with a colored border or blend and coordinate color choices with parallax effects or a scrolling slider. 2.4 Theories of Web Design Web design usually use a lot of the same visual elements as other type of designs, this is mentioned in TreeFrog, such as: ● Color. The selection of hues relies upon the reason and customer base; it could be basic high contrast to multi-shaded outline, passing on the identity of a person or the brand of an association, utilizing web-safe hues. 14 ● Layout. This is the way the illustrations, advertisements and content are organized. In the web world, a key objective is to enable the view to discover the data they look for initially. This incorporates keeping up the equalization, consistency, and honesty of the outline. ● Fonts. The utilization of different textual styles, fonts and typefaces can upgrade a web composition. Most internet browsers can just peruse a select number of text styles, known as "web-safe fonts", so your creator will work inside this broadly acknowledged gathering. ● Graphics. Design can incorporate logos, photographs, logos or clipart, all of which upgrade the website. For user friendliness, these has to be put suitably, working with the content and color of the website, whereas not making it as well congested or moderate to load. ● Content. Design and content can work together to improve the message of the site through text and visuals. Composed content ought to continuously be important and valuable, so as not to mix up the user and to grant them what they need so they will stay on the website. Content and design ought to be optimized for an appropriate length, including important keywords. 15 Basic visual elements is important to a visually compelling website, but, a website should also consider the end user in addition to its visual elements. Additional factors that affect user- friendliness include: ● Multimedia. Important video and sound enhancements within the website can offer users to get a handle on the information, developing understanding in a straightforward and fast way. This will empower users to spend more time on the website. ● Technology. Progressions in innovation deliver designers the opportunity to include innovation and development, permitting for websites that's continuously new, energetic and proficient. ● Interactive. Increment dynamic user cooperation and association, by including comment boxes and opinion polls within the website. Convert users from guests to clients with newsletter sign-ups and email forms.