POCKET GUIDE www.sustaincoffee.org IMPROVING LABOR PRACTICES + SUPPLY IMPROVING LABOR PRACTICES + SUPPLY ADDITIONAL KEY ISSUES TO COVER IN A CODE Introduction Good labor practices should be the norm OF CONDUCT for each of these categories of workers Coffee depends on workers to maintain In addition to labor conditions, a code of conduct should cover business ethics and throughout the coffee supply chain, coffee fields, pick the ripe cherries, expectations and explain how the policy will be implemented. We recommend that it also but we continue to confront forced labor, process them into green coffee and roast cover environmental expectations. Draft text for each of these sections can be found at human trafficking and child labor in coffee. and package them. https://www.sustaincoffee.org/improved-labor-practices-and-supply-group/. Within the coffee production system we Do we really understand what these terms have a number of worker types: Full-Time, mean? We need to in order to begin Part-Time, Temporary, Multi-Party, and discussions and to better detect these Business Ethics Environmental Policy issues in coffee production. Implementation Ambiguous or Disguised Employment. Legal Compliance Sustainability Each of these is further defined below. This short guidance document provides Management Systems Bribery / Corruption Resource Consumption and overview of key terms, sets forth Coffee also has a number of different Pollution Prevention Grievance principles for good labor practices in Gifts / Hospitality labor supply systems. These can vary Mechanisms Waste Minimization from informal family labor and farmer coffee and guides users through a process Conflict of Interest Audits + Corrective or community labor exchange systems of considering and addressing risks. The Environmental Impact Intellectual Property Actions to more formal employment of full-time, updated annex includes a code of conduct Management part time, and temporary workers. These checklist that companies can use to set Traceability Continuous clear expectations on labor practices Hazardous Materials workers might be employed directly or via Materials + Facility Improvement within their supply chains. + Product Safety labor brokers. The majority of labor is hired Disclosure for the harvest period when the coffee is picked from the trees. © STARBUCKS 1 | Labor Practices + Supply 2.3 Accommodation (housing) • Safe, clean housing PEOPLE NEED COFFEE TO THRIVE, • Freedom to enter and leave AND COFFEE NEEDS PEOPLE AND NATURE TO THRIVE Accommodation: Accommodation, where meet or exceed the basic levels afforded provided, is clean, safe, meets the basic in the local community. Workers shall have needs of workers, and conforms to the freedom to enter and leave at will. TYPES OF LABOR country’s laws. Accommodation should 2.4 Emergency Preparedness • Emergency plans • Exits unlocked and unblocked TEMPORARY EMPLOYMENT MULTI-PARTY EMPLOYMENT Workers are engaged for a specific period Workers are not directly employed by Potential by implementing emergency plans and Emergency Preparedness: of time, includes fixed-term, project or the company to which they provide their emergency situations and events (such response procedures. In buildings, as fires, earthquakes, and chemical emergency exits must be unlocked and task-based contracts, as well as seasonal services. exposures) are to be identified and unblocked at all times. or casual work. assessed, and their impact minimized DISGUISED EMPLOYMENT/ PART-TIME + ON-CALL WORK DEPENDENT An employed person whose normal SELF-EMPLOYMENT hours of work are fewer than those of Employment instance where respective comparable full-time workers (fewer than rights and obligations of the parties 35 hours, or 30 hours, per week). concerned are not clear, or when inadequacies or gaps exist in the legislation. 21 | Labor Practices + Supply Labor Practices + Supply | 2 PRINCIPLES, CODE OF CONDUCT + TOOLS FOR 2. Health + Safety GOOD LABOR PRACTICES IN COFFEE 2.1 Working Conditions • Accident prevention Introduction Organization conventions and standards • Training A key factor of success in any transaction of good practice included in most is knowing what you want and how to ask certification and verification programs. • Personal protective equipment for it. The same applies when it comes to These should inform codes of conduct • Right to refuse unsafe work labor conditions you want to see within used by businesses throughout the coffee your coffee supply chain. You have to supply chain. • Access to basic social services first know what you want to see and then Most companies already have codes develop a clear way of asking for it. of conduct…but it is always good to Working conditions: Suppliers shall • Workers shall receive regular health and In the coffee sector we know we want take a fresh look to see how your code provide a safe and hygienic work safety training. environment, as appropriate for the good labor conditions to all working to compares and whether it covers the key • Where needed, workers are to industry, geography and workforce. produce and process coffee. But what are principles identified. The checklist enables be provided free of charge with good labor conditions? How will we know benchmarking of your existing code of • Adequate steps shall be taken to appropriate, well-maintained, personal them when we see them? conduct against the principles. prevent accidents and injuries to protective equipment and educational health arising out of, associated with, materials about risks to them associated To answer this question, the Sustainable These words are only effective if they are or occurring in the course of work, with these hazards. by minimizing, so far as is reasonable Coffee Challenge has developed a actively implemented and monitored. To • Suppliers shall respect workers’ right practicable, the causes of hazards set of principles to guide the sector in help get you started or take the next step to refuse unsafe work and to report inherent in the work environment. promoting good labor conditions. These in your ongoing process, please unhealthy working conditions. principles are based on International Labor 2.2 Basic Services (sanitation) • Potable water + toilet facilities at all times Principles • Sanitary food areas for preparing and eating food Basic services: Workers shall have access provided housing, as well as sanitary food to potable drinking water and clean toilet preparation, storage and consumption Code of Conduct + facilities at all times at the workplace areas. and at any company- or third party- Checklist Implementation Guidance 3 | Labor Practices + Supply Labor Practices + Supply | 20 1.7 Regular Employment Status PRINCIPLES FOR GOOD LABOR PRACTICES IN • Recognized employment status COFFEE • Meet legal obligations re: benefits for fixed-term employment In addition to complying with national labor laws, we believe good labor practices recognize and support the rights and freedoms of all workers and enable all workers Regular Employment Status: Work sub-contracting, excessive use of fixed- in the coffee sector to prosper. performed must be on the basis of a term employment contracts, or through 1. Every worker should have freedom of 8. No worker should be denied the right recognized employment relationship. apprenticeship schemes with no real movement to establish and join organizations of Obligations to employees under labor or intent to impart skills or provide regular their own choosing social security laws and regulations arising employment. 2. No worker should be indebted or from a regular employment relationship coerced to work 9. No worker should be denied the right shall not be avoided, such as through and voluntarily 3. No worker should pay for a job to freely organize negotiate their working conditions in a 4. No worker should surrender their collective manner identity papers or other original 10. All workers should have access 1.8 Working Hours personal documents as a condition of employment to potable water and appropriate • Adhere to legal limits or 48 hours per week sanitary facilities during work hours. 5. No child* should be required to do work • Rest days that competes with attending school. 11. No authorized minors or pregnant should handle or apply • Voluntary overtime women 6. No worker should earn below the agrochemicals, operate heavy minimum wage machinery or do heavy lifting. Working Hours: Regular and overtime requirements or, in the absence such a 7. No worker should be discriminated working hours must comply with the law requirement, workers shall be provided against based on their gender, national, and not be excessive. one day off in seven. This may be ethnic or racial identity. *Under 15 years of age amended in unusual or emergency • Regular working hours shall not exceed circumstances. the legal limit or 48 hours per week, whichever is lower. • All overtime shall be voluntary. • Rest days shall comply with legal 1.8 Community Rights to Land • Rights and titles to property • Free, prior and informed consent • Contract transparency + disclosure Respect for Community Rights to regarding property and land shall adhere Land: Suppliers shall respect the to principles of free, prior and informed rights and titles to property and land consent, as well as contract transparency of individuals, indigenous peoples and disclosure. © STARBUCKS and local communities. Negotiations 19 | Labor Practices + Supply Labor Practices + Supply | 4 CHILD LABOR IN COFFEE 1.4 Freedom of Association + Collective