• Area Improvement Plan for Lalbagh area in Old Dhaka By MD.NASIM HAIDER DEPARTMENT OF URBAN AND REGIONAL PLANNING BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (SUET) ~. DHAKA, BANGLADESH 11~llmlllmmllmlll #107334*- . February, 2009 • .C>, .. Area Improvement Plan for Lalbagh area in Old Dhaka By MD,NASIM HAIDER Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF URBAN AND REGIONAL PLANNING (MURP) DEPARTMENT OF URBAN AND REGIONAL PLANNING BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (SUET) DHAKA,BANGLADESH February, 2009 " The thesis titled Area Improvement Plan for Lalbagh area in Old Dhaka submitted by Md Naslm Haider, Roll no. 100515013 (F), Session: October, 2005 has been accepted as satisfactory in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Urban and Regional Planning _ (MURP) by eoursework and thesis on 2,d ofFehruary, 2009. BOARD, OF EXAMINERS ---~- (Dr. Roxana Hafiz) Chairman (Supervlsor) Professor Dep ent of Urban and Regional Planning,, DUET (Dr. Roxana Hafiz) (Member Ex-officio) Head Department of Urban and Regional Planning, SUET -----------""'-~--Nt-'"~ ' (!\ifr.A.S.M. Mababub-Un-Nabi) Member Professor Department ofUrhan and Regional Planning, BUF.T (Md. Musleh Uddin Hasan) Member Assistant Professor Department of Urban and Regional Planning, BUET ----~~~~-----------. Dr. Md. Jaburul Hoque Town Planner Khulna Development Authority (KDA) Member (External) DEPARTMENT OF URBAN AND REGIONAL PLANNING BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (BUET) DHAKA,BANGLADESH m CANDIDA.I'~:'S DECLARATION It is hereby declared that this thesis or any part of it has not been submitted elsewhere for the award of any degree or diploma ................................. Md Nasim Haider Roll no: 100515013 Session: October, 2005 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my almost gratitude to Almighty Allah for His blessings to work for improvement of Lalbagh area in Old Dhaka. I. would like to express most sincere gratitude to my supervisor Dr. Roxana Hafiz, Professor, Department of Urban and Regional Planning, BUET for her constructive comments and kind cooperation. Special thanks are due to Professor ASM Mahabub-Un-Nabi, and Md. MusIch Uddin Hasan, Assistant Professor, Department of Urban and Regional Planning, BUET for their . kind help. My gratitude also goes to all other teachers of the same department for their suggestion and helpful support during the course of my study. I acknowledge the help received from Mr. Ka7.iGolam Hafiz, Ex Town Planner, RAJUK and Dr. Mohsin Uddin Ahmed, Professor, Department of Urban and Rural Planning, Khulna University. Moreover, thanks are due the officials of dilTerentgovernment and non government agencies, and professionals for their kind support and cooperation. Finally, 1would like to express my dcep gratitude and indebtedncss to my beloved parents and otber family membcrs for tbeir continuous inspiration and encouragement to complete the research work. Md Nasim Haider February, 2009. ABSTRACT Dhaka, the historical capital of Bangladesh had passed through a lot of glorious moments with the passage of time. But, this cIty IS now going to lose its glory due to deteriorating Jiving and enviromnental condition Even after three decades since independence, authorities have failed to have a planned built,up environment for our cities. And this failure is mainly visible in the Lalbagh area the older part of Dhaka; where living condition is headmg towards a totally an uninhabitable eonditlOn. Bld, as a center for trade and commerce in the region, the area has a great importance for the economical development of the city and whole country. This trade center is not only serving Dhaka, but also acting as an economical backbone of the region. With time, this growth center has attracted a huge number of populations from all over the coulltry. To accommodate this huge population, a lot of strucrures were built. And, this building process was totally depending on the whim of some people rather than regulated by any law which could ensure a hygienic and habitable Jiving environment for alL The consequence ISevident today; this area is crippled by a lot of problems with regards to its economical activities and its total living eIlviromncnt. Another discerning problem is that, this part of the city faces traffic congestion, wasting away valuable working hours of the inhabitants of the city, the congestion has led to the loss of motivation and moving out of many businesses [rom the area_ Other problems arc building collapses; pitiful shape of the roads, watcr logging, and haphazard location o[ structures, indiscriminate lining up of Wlres by differcnt govcrnment and private agencies, 'big potholes on the roads, unplanned drainage and sewerage system, the list of problems IS endless. -This study tries to identity the major problems that arc evident in Lalbagh area and also the loopholes that can create further hazards for the living environment. By considering all these problems the study attempted to suggest a sustainable plan which will helpful to improve this area, Area Improvement Plan for Lalbagh area in Old Dhaka. Table of Contents Content Acknowledgement V Abstract Vi Table of contents Vii List of maps x List oftablcs Xi List of figures Xii List of abbreviations Xiii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1. Background of the Study 12 Objectives 2 13 The Study Area 2 14 Historical Background 6 CHAPTER 2: APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY OF STUDY 2.1 Gffi=1 9 2.2 Study Process 9 2.2.1 Base Map Prepanltioll 9 2.2.2 Identification of Objectives 9 2.2.3 Survey 10 2.2.4 The analysis of survey work 10 2.2.5 Content of the map (Proposals) II • 2.3 Scope and limitation of the study 12 CHAPTER3: STUDY AREA APPRAISAL 3.1 General Introduction 13 3.2 Housingand Shelter 14 3.2.1 Existing housing condition 14 3.2.2 Building Age 15 32.3 Majorproblemsofhousmg 16 3.3 General Land use analysi~ 19 3.3.1 Landuse type 19 3.3.2 Dwellers opinion about existing landuse 23 3.3.3 Major problems orJandu>e 24 3.4 Transportation Planning and Management 24 3.4.1 Road ne(wor~ in the study area 26 3.4.2 Traffic composition and congestion 27 3.4.3 Traffic congestion and traffic volume 36 3.4.4 User opinion about transportation and management 39 3.45 Present problems 42 3.4.6 Trend oflT,msport development 43 3.4.7 Vision, objective and goal of transport development 43 3.5 Infrastructure and Utility Services 44 3.5.1 Water supply: 44 '3.5.2 Electricity Supply: 45 3.5.3 Surf~cc Drainage and Sewerage System: 47 3.6, Existing Coriununity Facility 50 ! V111 CHAPTER 4: HISTORICAL GROWTH 011 LALBAGH AREA 4.1 Urban Development of Dhaka in its Historical Context 53 4.1.1 Pre-Mughal Period (700- 1608) 53 4.1.2. The Mughals Period (1608-1704) 54 4.1.3. Under the East India Company (1764-1858) 56 4.1.4. The British Period (1858-1947) 56 4.1.5- Pakistan Period (1947-1971) 57 4.1.6 Capital of Bangladesh (Since 1971) 57 4.2 Historical Review of Heritage Site 59 4.2.1 Ahsan Manzil 59 4.2.2 Bara Katra 61 4.2.3 Choto Katra 63 4.2.4 Hossini Dalan 63 4.2.5 Lalbagh Fort 64 - 4.2.6 Dhaka Central Jail 65 CHAPTER 5:HIGHER LEVEL & INISTUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR URBAN DEVELOPMENT & IMPLEMENTlON 5.1 Historical review 68 5.2 Existmg Higher Levet & InstitutlOn"1rramework For Development 68 5.2.1 The Dhaka Master Plan in 1959 69 5.2.2 Dhaka Metropolitan Area Integrated Urban Development Plan (DMAlUDP) 71 5.2.3 The Structure Plan 72 5.2.4 Urban Area Plan 72 5.2.5 Strategy Transport Plan 73 • CHAPTER 6: RECOMMENDATION AND IMPLEMENTATION PROCEDURE 6.1 Introduction 77 6.2 ProposedLanduse 77 6.3 ProposedRoadNetwork 81 6.4 ProposedUtility Services 84 6.5 ProposedSocialand Physicallnfrastrueturc 89 6.6 ImplementationProcedure 90 6,7 Phasingthe executionof the Project 91 CHAPTER 7: CONCLUSION 92 BIBLIOGRAPHY APPENDIX 01: Questionnairefor Survey Content Page Lost of Maps: Map 1.1: Location of the Study Area in the Context ofDMDP 4 Map 1.2: Study Area Map, Lalbagh 5 Map 1.3: Study Area Map Showing Different Administrative Boundary 6 Map 3.1: PhYSICalSurveyMap IIIthe Study area, Lalbagh 17 Map 3.2: Age of the Structures in the Study area, Lalbagh 18 Map 3.3: Existing Landuse Pattern in the study area, Lalbagh 25 Map 3.4: Existing Road Network in the srudy area, Lalbagh 37 Map 3.5: Major traffie congestion point in the study area, Lalbagh 40 Map 3.6: Existing Drainage Network IIILalbagh 51 Map 3.7: Existing Commumty Facility in Lalbagh 52 Map 4.1: Historical Growth of Dhaka City (1600-1991) 55 Map 4.2: Existing Heritage Sites in the Study Area, Lalbagh 62 -Map 5.1: Proposed Road Netv'iOrkof HIgher Level framework 75 Map 5,2: Proposed Landuse Plan in Structure Plan for the Study Area, Lalbagh 76 _Map 6,1: Proposed Landuse Plan for the Study Area, Lalbagh 80 Map 6.2: Proposed Road Network of tile Study Area, Lalbagh 87 Map 6,3: Buildings Affected by Proposed Roads in Lalbagh 88 • I 1 , • , Content Page List of Tables: fable 3.1: General,tastles of LalbaghArea 13 Table 3,2: Wordand-ThanaW1SePopulation,Arca andDensity 13 Tabl~3.3: BuildingType in Lalbagh 15 Table 3.4: BuildingHeight(Floor);n Lalbagh 15 Table 3.5: ExistingDeteriorallngStructuresin Lalbagh 15 Table 3.6, LandusePatternofthc StudyArea, Lalbagh 22 Table 3,7:Dwellersopinionaboutrecreationalfacilitiesm Lalbagh 23 Table 3.8: DwellerspositlOnsaboutlhe existingopenspacesm Lalbagh 23 Table 3.9: Pnority based developmentfC3ture,ofrecreatLonalfacllillc> 24 Table 3.10: ExistmgRoadLengthby Types andby Thanain Lalbagh 26 Table 3,11:W,dthand Lengthof SomeMajorRoads in Lalbagh