2004 STATUS UPDATE IMPLEMENTATION PLAN MAKUA MILITARY RESERVATION ISLAND OF OAHU September 2004 Prepared by: United States Army Garrison, Hawaii Directorate of Public Works Environmental Division Schofield Barracks, Hawaii 96857 TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Contributors.................................................................................................................... i Executive Summary.................................................................................................................. ii Chapter 1: Introduction....................................................................................................... 1-1 Chapter 2: Urgent Actions 3............................................................................................... 2-1 Chapter 3: Achatinella mustelina Management.................................................................. 3-1 Attachment 1: Captive Snail Propagation Data ............................................. 3-22 Attachment 2: Grouping of 18 A. mustelina Sampling Sites into 6 ESUs..... 3-23 Chapter 4: ‘Elepaio Management ....................................................................................... 4-1 Chapter 5: Rare Plant Stabilization Plan Status.................................................................. 5-1 5.1 Alectryon macrococcus var. macrococcus.................................................. 5-7 5.2 Alsinidendron obovatum ........................................................................... 5-13 5.3 Cenchrus agrimonioides var. agrimonioides............................................ 5-18 5.4 Chamaesyce celastroides var. kaenana .................................................... 5-24 5.5 Chamaesyce herbstii ................................................................................. 5-34 5.6 Cyanea grimesiana subsp. obatae ............................................................ 5-38 5.7 Cyanea longiflora ..................................................................................... 5-43 5.8 Cyanea superba subsp. superba ............................................................... 5-48 5.9 Cyrtandra dentata..................................................................................... 5-52 5.10 Delissea subcordata................................................................................ 5-56 5.11 Dubautia herbstobatae............................................................................ 5-62 5.12 Flueggea neowawraea............................................................................ 5-66 5.13 Hedyotis degeneri var. degeneri ............................................................. 5-75 5.14 Hedyotis parvula..................................................................................... 5-79 5.15 Hesperomannia arbuscula...................................................................... 5-83 5.16 Hibiscus brackenridgei subsp. mokuleianus........................................... 5-88 5.17 Lipochaeta tenuifolia .............................................................................. 5-96 5.18 Neraudia angulata ................................................................................ 5-102 5.19 Nototrichium humile ............................................................................. 5-109 5.20 Phyllostegia kaalaensis......................................................................... 5-116 5.21 Plantago princeps var. princeps ........................................................... 5-121 5.22 Pritchardia kaalae ................................................................................ 5-126 5.23 Sanicula nariversa ................................................................................ 5-132 5.24 Schiedea kaalae .................................................................................... 5-137 5.25 Schiedea nuttallii .................................................................................. 5-142 5.26 Tetramolopium filiforme ....................................................................... 5-146 5.27 Viola chamissoniana subsp. chamissoniana......................................... 5-152 Attachment 1: Lyon Arboretum Seed Storage Trials .................................. 5-157 Chapter 6: Management Unit Status..................................................................................... 6-1 List of Figures Figure 3.1 ESU A, Population at MMR C............................................................................ 3-6 Figure 3.2 ESU B1................................................................................................................ 3-8 Figure 3.3 ESU B2.............................................................................................................. 3-11 Figure 3.4 ESU C................................................................................................................ 3-13 Figure 3.5 ESU D1.............................................................................................................. 3-15 Figure 3.6 ESU D2.............................................................................................................. 3-17 Figure 3.7 ESU E ................................................................................................................ 3-19 Figure 3.8 ESU F ................................................................................................................ 3-21 Figure 4.1 ‘Elepaio Distribution in Makua Military Reservation.......................................... 4-2 Figure 4.2 Lower Makua Rodent Control 2001-2004 .......................................................... 4-3 Figure 4.3 Kahanahaiki Rodent Control Results, 2004 ........................................................ 4-5 Figure 4.4 Kahanahaiki Predator Control Efforts, 1998-2004.............................................. 4-5 Figure 5.1 Alectryon macrococcus Airlayer ...................................................................... 5-12 Figure 5.2 Cenchrus agrimonioides var. agrimonioides Kahanahaiki and Pahole PU ...... 5-22 Figure 5.3 Chamaesyce celastroides var. kaenana populations at MMR .......................... 5-26 Figure 5.4 Increase of Lower Ohikilolo Chamaesyce celastroides Firebreaks .................. 5-29 Figure 5.5 Lower Ohikilolo: Change in Effort Over Time................................................ 5-29 Figure 5.6 Upper Chamaesyce Photopoint Series............................................................... 5-30 Figure 5.7 Burned Cyanea longiflora ................................................................................. 5-45 Figure 5.8 Airlayer on Flueggea neowawraea ................................................................... 5-69 Figure 5.9 Rooted Airlayer from Flueggea neowawraea................................................... 5-69 Figure 5.10 Lower Ohikilolo: Change in Effort Over Time in Hibiscus Patch.................. 5-93 Figure 5.11 Neraudia angulata var. angulata Makua Population Unit............................. 5-106 Figure 5.12 Pritchardia kaalae Distribution ..................................................................... 5-127 List of Tables Table 3.1 Field Sites for Stabilization Efforts ...................................................................... 3-2 Table 3.2 Number of Snails Counted in ESU A ................................................................... 3-4 Table 3.3 Kahanahaiki Snail Exclosure Rat Information ..................................................... 3-4 Table 3.4 Number of Snails Counted at Ohikilolo ............................................................... 3-7 Table 3.5 Number of Snails Counted in East Branch of East Makaleha ............................ 3-10 Table 3.6 Number of Snails Counted in ESU C ................................................................. 3-12 Table 3.7 Number of Snails Counted in ESU D-1.............................................................. 3-14 Table 3.8 Number of Snails Counted in ESU D-2.............................................................. 3-16 Table 3.9 Number of Snails Counted in ESU E ................................................................. 3-18 Table 3.10 Number of Snails Counted in ESU F................................................................. 3-20 Table 4.1 Bird Banding Data, Makua Military Reservation................................................. 4-2 Table 6.1 Management Unit Status...........................................................................6-2 and 6-3 LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS Jane R. Beachy Natural Resources Management Coordinator Pacific Cooperative Studies Unit Matthew D. Burt Natural Resources Management Coordinator Pacific Cooperative Studies Unit L. Leilani Z. Durand Natural Resources Implementation Manager Pacific Cooperative Studies Unit H. Kapua Kawelo Biologist Department of Public Works U.S. Army Garrison Hawaii Matthew J. Keir Natural Resources Management Coordinator Pacific Cooperative Studies Unit Michelle Mansker Natural Resources Manager Department of Public Works U.S. Army Garrison Hawaii Jobriath L. Rohrer Senior Natural Resources Management Coordinator Pacific Cooperative Studies Unit i 1.0 INTRODUCTION The Makua Implementation Plan (MIP) was finalized in May 2003. Since that time a lot has happened. We are currently working on Urgent Actions 3 and gearing up for Year 1, which is scheduled to begin in October 2004. This report serves as the annual status report to the Implementation Team (IT) on the IP actions that have occurred between September