OXFORD MEDICAL PUBLICATIONS Oxford Handbook of Dental Nursing Published and forthcoming Oxford Handbooks in Nursing Oxford Handbook of Midwifery 2e Oxford Handbook of Learning Edited by Janet Medforth, and Intellectual Disability Susan Battersby, Maggie Evans, Nursing Beverley Marsh, and Angela Walker Edited by Bob Gates and Owen Barr Oxford Handbook of Adult Nursing Oxford Handbook of Mental Edited by George Castledine and Health Nursing Ann Close Edited by Patrick Callaghan and Helen Waldock Oxford Handbook of Cancer Nursing Oxford Handbook of Edited by Mike Tadman and Musculoskeletal Nursing Dave Roberts Edited by Susan Oliver Oxford Handbook of Cardiac Oxford Handbook of Neuroscience Nursing Nursing Edited by Kate Johnson and Edited by Sue Woodward and Karen Rawlings-Anderson Catheryne Waterhouse Oxford Handbook of Children’s Oxford Handbook of Nursing and Young People’s Nursing Older People Edited by Edward Alan Glasper, Edited by Beverley Tabernacle, Marie Gillian McEwing, and Jim Richardson Honey, and Annette Jinks Oxford Handbook of Clinical Skills Oxford Handbook of Orthopaedic for Children’s and Young People’s and Trauma Nursing Nursing Rebecca Jester, Julie Santy, and Jean Edited by Paula Dawson, Louise Rogers Cook, Laura-Jane Holliday, and Helen Reddy Oxford Handbook of Perioperative Practice Oxford Handbook of Clinical Skills Edited by Suzanne Hughes and Andy in Adult Nursing Mardell Edited by Jacqueline Randle, Frank Coffey, and Martyn Bradbury Oxford Handbook of Prescrib- ing for Nurses and Allied Health Oxford Handbook of Critical Professionals 2e Care Nursing Edited by Sue Beckwith and Penny Sheila K Adam and Sue Osborne Franklin Oxford Handbook of Dental Nursing Oxford Handbook of Primary Care Edited by Elizabeth Boon, Rebecca and Community Nursing Parr, Dayananda Samarawickrama, Edited by Vari Drennan and Claire and Kevin Seymour Goodman Oxford Handbook of Diabetes Oxford Handbook of Respiratory Nursing Nursing Edited by Lorraine Avery and Edited by Terry Robinson and Jane Sue Beckwith Scullion Oxford Handbook of Emergency Oxford Handbook of Women’s Nursing Health Nursing Edited by Robert Crouch, Alan Edited by Sunanda Gupta, Debra Charters, Mary Dawood, and Paula Holloway, and Ali Kubba Bennett Oxford Handbook of Gastrointestinal Nursing Edited by Christine Norton, Julia Williams, Claire Taylor, Annmarie Nunwa, and Kathy Whayman Oxford Handbook of Dental Nursing Edited by Elizabeth Boon Quality Assurance Auditor NEBDN, Fleetwood, UK Rebecca Parr Dental Nurse Training Manager Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry London, UK Dayananda Samarawickrama Honorary Consultant in Restorative Dentistry Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry London, UK Kevin Seymour Senior Lecturer and Honorary Consultant Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry London, UK 1 1 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford, OX2 6DP, United Kingdom Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries © Oxford University Press 2012 The moral rights of the authors have been asserted First Edition published in 2012 Impression: 1 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, by licence or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this work in any other form and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Oxford handbook of dental nursing / edited by Elizabeth Boon … [et al.]. p. ; cm. – (Oxford handbooks) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-19-923590-2 (alk. paper) I. Boon, Elizabeth. II. Series: Oxford handbooks. [DNLM: 1. Dental Assistants–Handbooks. 2. Dentistry–methods–Handbooks. WU 49] LC classifi cation not assigned 617.6'0233–dc23 2011033030 ISBN 978-0-19-923590-2 Printed in China by CC Offset Printing Co. Ltd Oxford University Press makes no representation, express or implied, that the drug dosages in this book are correct. Readers must therefore always check the product information and clinical procedures with the most up-to-date published product information and data sheets provided by the manufacturers and the most recent codes of conduct and safety regulations. The authors and the publishers do not accept responsibility or legal liability for any errors in the text or for the misuse or misapplication of material in this work. Except where otherwise stated, drug dosages and recommendations are for the non-pregnant adult who is not breast-feeding Links to third party websites are provided by Oxford in good faith and for information only. Oxford disclaims any responsibility for the materials contained in any third party website referenced in this work . v Preface Since the introduction of mandatory General Dental Council registra- tion in 2008, the role of the dental nurse and the theoretical and prac- tical training required in order to become a qualifi ed dental nurse have evolved greatly. Registration has brought about extended duties for the dental nurse, which in practice has allowed dental nurses to continue to develop their skills further after registration and contribute more to the care and treatment of patients. The aim of the Oxford Handbook of Dental Nursing is to provide a practi- cal, easily accessible book for student dental nurses who are complet- ing their initial training qualifi cation and as a reference tool for qualifi ed dental nurses, in an easily portable format. Those who are involved in the training and development of dental nurses, especially those new to the role, can use this book to gauge the depth of knowledge required by the dental nurse and the various areas of study which need to be covered. The handbook will enable users to fi nd relevant information quickly and is small enough to be carried in a uniform pocket or in a student’s, tutor’s, mentor’s or supervisor’s bag without taking up valuable space. The book has been written and edited by a combination of dental profes- sionals who have experience working at the chair side, those who have had some experience of training dental nurses, and those who work in specialized areas of dentistry. In addition to the traditional topics ad- dressed in a dental nursing textbook, there are extra chapters which cover the behaviour expected of a registered dental nurse, advice on applying for jobs, writing a curriculum vitae, and what to expect at an interview. Thanks are expressed to all those who have been involved in the book, but extra thanks should be reserved for Mrs Caroline Zuber who entrusted her team to undertake this task. This page intentionally left blank vii Contents Contributors ix Symbols and Abbreviations xi 1 Becoming a dental nurse 1 2 Legal and ethical issues 15 3 Anatomical structures and systems relevant to dental care 25 4 Health and safety 65 5 Infection control 79 6 Medical emergencies and fi rst aid 103 7 Oral disease and pathology 141 8 Patient care and management 183 9 Communication 211 10 Assessment of oral health needs and treatment 219 11 Dental radiography 231 12 Oral hygiene 249 13 Restorative dentistry 263 14 Oral surgery 297 15 Paediatric dentistry 307 16 Orthodontics 325 17 Drugs and materials used in dentistry 343 18 Control of pain and anxiety 365 19 Being a professional 379 Appendix: Dental instrument identifi cation 389 Index 397 This page intentionally left blank ix Contributors Katharine Bond Robert McGeoch DCP Training Co-ordinator Clinical Senior Lecturer/Honorary King’s College Dental Hospital Consultant London Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry Elizabeth Boon Queen Mary, University of London Quality Assurance Auditor London National Examination Board for Dental Nurses Christopher Mercer Fleetwood Hon Senior Lecturer and John Buchanan Hon Consultant in Restorative Dentistry Clinical Senior Lecturer/ Centre for Adult Oral Health Honorary Consultant and Barts and The London School of Clinical Lead for Oral Medicine Medicine and Dentistry Barts and The London School of Queen Mary, University of London Medicine and Dentistry London Queen Mary, University of London London Hitesh Mody David O’Donnell Clinical Tutor and General Associate Specialist in Paediatric Dental Practitioner Dentistry, Hon Clinical Senior Barts and The London School Lecturer, Barts and The London of Medicine and Dentistry School of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary, University of London Queen Mary, University of London London London Rebecca Parr Padhraig S. Fleming Dental Nurse Training Manger Locum Consultant Orthodontist Barts and The London School of Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary, University of London Queen Mary, University of London London London Saman Warnakulsuriya Ama Johal Professor and Honorary Senior Lecturer/Consultant Consultant, Oral Medicine Orthodontist and Experimental Oral Barts and The London School of Pathology Medicine and Dentistry King’s College London