Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-87837-1 - The Illustrated Shakespeare, 1709-1875 Stuart Sillars Frontmatter More information The Illustrated Shakespeare, 1709–1875 Illustrations have been an important element of many of the most extensively read edi- tions of Shakespeare’s plays, from the frontispieces to Nicholas Rowe’s 1709 edition to the multiple images placed within the text of Victorian editions. Through symbols the illus- trations have explored language and character; by allusion to earlier paintings they have offered critical readings; and by gesture, setting and costume they have redesigned the plays within the visual vocabulary of their own times. In all these ways they offer impor- tant exchanges with contemporary social, aesthetic and critical concerns, and, despite being largely ignored by scholars, are central to the plays’ reception. Highly illustrated, including many images not previously reproduced, the book allows the reader to share the experience of early readers of the plays. Building on the author’s earlier work in Painting Shakespeare it offers a fresh address to the tradition of visual criticism and assimilation of Shakespeare’s plays. stuart sillars is Professor of English at the University of Bergen, having previously been a member of the Faculty of English at the University of Cambridge. He has written extensively on the relationship between literature and the visual arts, his most recent book being Painting Shakespeare: The Artist as Critic, 1720–1820 (Cambridge, 2006). Earlier writings include Visualisation in Popular Fiction, British Romantic Art and the Second World War, Art and Survival in First World War Britain and articles and reviews in major journals in the UK, Europe and the USA. © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-87837-1 - The Illustrated Shakespeare, 1709-1875 Stuart Sillars Frontmatter More information Frontispiece: Title-page to The Taming of the Shrew by William Harvey, engraved by W.T. Green, 3 1 from Charles Knight’s Pictorial Shakspere, 1838–43. Page size 22.2 × 14.3 (8 /4 × 5/2). See Chapter 1 pp. 15–16. © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-87837-1 - The Illustrated Shakespeare, 1709-1875 Stuart Sillars Frontmatter More information THE ILLUSTRATED SHAKESPEARE, 1709–1875 STUART SILLARS © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-87837-1 - The Illustrated Shakespeare, 1709-1875 Stuart Sillars Frontmatter More information cambridge university press Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, S˜ao Paulo, Delhi Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge cb28ru,UK Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521878371 c Stuart Sillars 2008 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 2008 Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication data Sillars, Stuart, 1951– The illustrated Shakespeare, 1709–1875 / Stuart Sillars. p. cm. This work is built on the author’s earlier work, Painting Shakespeare. Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Shakespeare, William, 1564–1616 – Illustrations. 2. Art and literature – Great Britain – History – 18th century. 3. Art and literature – Great Britain – History – 19th century. 4. Art in literature. 5. Visual perception in literature. 6. English drama – Early modern and Elizabethan, 1500–1600 – Illustrations. 7. English drama – 17th century – Illustrations. I. Title. pr2883.s44 2008 822.33 – dc22 2008025988 isbn 978-0-521-87837-1 hardback Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-87837-1 - The Illustrated Shakespeare, 1709-1875 Stuart Sillars Frontmatter More information For Laurence and Laura, with love, and gratitude for something of great constancy © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-87837-1 - The Illustrated Shakespeare, 1709-1875 Stuart Sillars Frontmatter More information CONTENTS Colour plates page viii List of illustrations x Acknowledgments xxi 1 Play, page and image 1 2 Spatial narratives and Rowe’s Shakespeare 31 3 Rococo and Reflection: Gravelot, Hayman and Walker 73 4 Bell, performance and reading 111 5 ‘Ornaments, derived from fancy’: Illustrating the plays, 1780–1840 148 6 The growth of feeling: Boydell, Taylor and the Picturesque 181 7 The extra-illustrated edition 214 8 Early Victorian populism: Charles Knight and Kenny Meadows 252 9 Selous, Gilbert and reader involvement 289 10 Decline and renewal 324 Notes 346 Select bibliography 364 Index 375 vii © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-87837-1 - The Illustrated Shakespeare, 1709-1875 Stuart Sillars Frontmatter More information COLOUR PLATES The colour plates are to be found between pages 138 and 139. 1 Noli me tangere. Historiated initial from a Latin Gradual or Antiphonal, Franconia, c.1514. MS Add. 4165 (7). By permission of the Syndics of Cambridge University Library. 2 William Gilpin: Plate from Remarks on Forest Scenery, 1791. By permission of the Folger Shakespeare Library. 3 W. Jeayes: ‘It was the Owl that shriek’d’, from an extra-illustrated copy of Heath’s Dramatic Works of Shakespeare, 1807. Watercolour. By permission of the Folger Shakespeare Library. 4 W. Jeayes: ‘Ere to black Hecate’s summons’, from an extra-illustrated copy of Heath’s Dramatic Works of Shakespeare, 1807. Watercolour. By permission of the Folger Shakespeare Library. 5 W. Jeayes: ‘If thou wert the fox’, from an extra-illustrated copy of Heath’s Dramatic Works of Shakespeare, 1807. Watercolour. By permission of the Folger Shakespeare Library. 6 W. Jeayes: ‘Had he his hurts before?’ from an extra-illustrated copy of Heath’s Dramatic Works of Shakespeare, 1807. Watercolour. By permission of the Folger Shakespeare Library. 7 Samuel Hieronymus Grimm: ‘Ariel giving Caliban the lie’, from an extra- illustrated copy of Boydell’s Dramatic Works of Shakespeare, 1802. Watercolour. By permission of the Folger Shakespeare Library. 8 Samuel Hieronymus Grimm: ‘Ariel as harpy’, from an extra-illustrated copy of Boydell’s Dramatic Works of Shakespeare, 1802. Watercolour. By permission of the Folger Shakespeare Library. viii © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-87837-1 - The Illustrated Shakespeare, 1709-1875 Stuart Sillars Frontmatter More information colour plates 9 Samuel Hieronymus Grimm: ‘Every man shift’, from an extra-illustrated copy of Boydell’s Dramatic Works of Shakespeare, 1802. Watercolour. By permission of the Folger Shakespeare Library. 10 Samuel Hieronymus Grimm: ‘Titania and Bottom’, from an extra-illustrated copy of Boydell’s Dramatic Works of Shakespeare, 1802. Watercolour. By permission of the Folger Shakespeare Library. 11 Samuel Hieronymus Grimm: ‘Isabella intreating Angelo’, from an extra- illustrated copy of Boydell’s Dramatic Works of Shakespeare, 1802. Watercolour. By permission of the Folger Shakespeare Library. 12 Samuel Hieronymus Grimm: ‘The Duke discovered’, from an extra-illustrated copy of Boydell’s Dramatic Works of Shakespeare, 1802. Watercolour. By permission of the Folger Shakespeare Library. 13 Samuel Hieronymus Grimm: ‘Ghosts appearing before Richard’, from an extra-illustrated copy of Boydell’s Dramatic Works of Shakespeare, 1802. Watercolour. By permission of the Folger Shakespeare Library. 14 Lieut. Rob. Cowan: So. Devon Militia: ‘I have sent Cloten’s clotpoll down the stream’, from an extra-illustrated copy of Boydell’s Dramatic Works of Shakespeare, 1802. Watercolour. By permission of the Folger Shakespeare Library. 15 John Gilbert: ‘Come away death’: Frontispiece to Twelfth Night, The Library Shakespeare, 1873–5. Author’s collection. 16 Pinckney Marcius-Simons: Final page from Le songe d’une nuit d’´et´e; f´eerie d’apr`es W. Shakespeare, translated by Paul Meurice, 1886. Gouache and watercolour, 1908. By permission of the Folger Shakespeare Library. ix © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-87837-1 - The Illustrated Shakespeare, 1709-1875 Stuart Sillars Frontmatter More information LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Many of the images reproduced in this book show the marks of wear. Foxing, small pale brown coloration caused by exposure to damp, is sometimes evident. So, too, is the ‘show-through’ of printing on the reverse of the original printed page. Some show variation in background colour, caused by the slight rippling evident in volumes printed on thin paper. Those images that show complete page-openings sometimes have dark areas in the ‘gutter,’ the area around the binding. All have been retained, to help convey the actual state of the book in a manner that an electronically sanitised image would not. Except where otherwise stated, images are from the author’s collection.