International Public Administration Reform : Implications for the Russian Federation: Country Reform Summaries February 2003 Nick Manning/Neil Parison Page 1 11/22/2004 International Public Administration Reform Country Reform Summaries.doc International Public Administration Reform : Implications for the Russian Federation : Country Reform Summaries ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ...........................................................................................9 BACKGROUND ........................................................................................................11 1: AUSTRALIA..........................................................................................................12 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................12 The sequence of reforms ......................................................................................12 Reformers' concerns.............................................................................................13 INSTITUTIONAL STARTING POINTS.............................................................................14 Constitution/political system................................................................................14 Structure of Government......................................................................................15 Central agencies and reform management..........................................................16 Politicization........................................................................................................17 REFORM ACTIVITIES..................................................................................................17 Summary ..............................................................................................................17 Reforms to the organizational structure of government ......................................18 Cutting back the programs undertaken by government.......................................19 Civil service and personnel reforms ....................................................................20 Budget process changes.......................................................................................23 E-government.......................................................................................................25 REFORM OUTCOMES..................................................................................................26 2: BRAZIL..................................................................................................................29 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................29 In regional context ...............................................................................................29 Reformers' concerns.............................................................................................29 INSTITUTIONAL STARTING POINTS.............................................................................31 Constitution/political system................................................................................31 Structure of Government......................................................................................31 Central agencies and reform management..........................................................32 Politicization........................................................................................................32 REFORM ACTIVITIES..................................................................................................34 Summary ..............................................................................................................34 Reforms to the organizational structure of government ......................................34 Cutting back the programs undertaken by government.......................................35 Civil service and personnel reforms ....................................................................36 Budget process changes.......................................................................................39 E-government.......................................................................................................41 REFORM OUTCOMES..................................................................................................41 Mixed results........................................................................................................41 Some concrete gains ............................................................................................42 3: CANADA................................................................................................................44 Nick Manning/Neil Parison Page 2 11/22/2004 International Public Administration Reform Country Reform Summaries.doc OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................44 The sequence of reforms ......................................................................................44 Reformers' concerns.............................................................................................44 INSTITUTIONAL STARTING POINTS.............................................................................47 Constitution/political system................................................................................47 Structure of Government......................................................................................48 Central agencies and reform management..........................................................50 Politicization........................................................................................................51 REFORM ACTIVITIES..................................................................................................51 Summary ..............................................................................................................51 Reforms to the organizational structure of government ......................................52 Cutting back the programs undertaken by government.......................................54 Civil service and personnel reforms ....................................................................55 Budget process changes.......................................................................................56 E-government.......................................................................................................57 REFORM OUTCOMES..................................................................................................57 4: CHILE ....................................................................................................................59 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................59 The sequence of reforms ......................................................................................61 Reformers' concerns.............................................................................................61 INSTITUTIONAL STARTING POINTS.............................................................................62 Constitution/political system................................................................................62 Structure of Government......................................................................................64 Central agencies and reform management..........................................................64 REFORM ACTIVITIES..................................................................................................64 Reforms to the organizational structure of government ......................................64 Cutting back the programs undertaken by government.......................................64 Civil service and personnel reforms ....................................................................65 Budget process changes.......................................................................................65 E-government.......................................................................................................66 REFORM OUTCOMES..................................................................................................66 5: CHINA....................................................................................................................67 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................67 The sequence of reforms ......................................................................................67 Reformers' concerns.............................................................................................69 INSTITUTIONAL STARTING POINTS.............................................................................69 Constitution/political system................................................................................69 Structure of Government......................................................................................70 Central agencies and reform management..........................................................72 Politicization........................................................................................................73 REFORM ACTIVITIES..................................................................................................73 Summary ..............................................................................................................73