Religious Education in Pre-Modern Europe Numen Book Series Studies in the History of Religions Series Editors Steven Engler (Mount Royal University, Calgary, Canada) Richard King (University of Glasgow, Scotland) Kocku von Stuckrad (University of Groningen, The Netherlands) Gerard Wiegers (University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands) VOLUME 140 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/nus Religious Education in Pre-Modern Europe Edited by Ilinca Tanaseanu-Döbler and Marvin Döbler LEIDEN • BOSTON 2012 Cover illustration: A detail of the Quedlinburg tapestry showing the wedding between Philologia and Mercurius, according to the work of the late antique writer Martianus Capella. Reproduced with kind permission from Domschatz Quedlinburg, Perner&Schmidt. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Religious education in pre-modern Europe / edited by Ilinca Tanaseanu-Döbler and Marvin Döbler. p. cm. — (Numen book series, ISSN 0169-8834 ; v. 140) Includes index. ISBN 978-90-04-23213-6 (hardback : alk. paper)—ISBN 978-90-04-23214-3 (e-book) 1. Religious education—Europe. 2. Education—Europe. 3. Europe—Religious life and customs. I. Tanaseanu- Döbler, Ilinca. II. Döbler, Marvin. LC313.8.R45 2012 370.11’4094—dc23 2012020405 This publication has been typeset in the multilingual “Brill” typeface. With over 5,100 characters covering Latin, IPA, Greek, and Cyrillic, this typeface is especially suitable for use in the humanities. For more information, please see www.brill.com/brill-typeface. ISSN 0169-8834 ISBN 978 90 04 23213 6 (hardback) ISBN 978 90 04 23214 3 (e-book) This research and publication was funded by the German Initiative of Excellence. Copyright 2012 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Global Oriental, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers and Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. All rights reserved. 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CONTENTS Foreword ........................................................................................................... vii List of Contributors ........................................................................................ ix Towards a Theoretical Frame for the Study of Religious Education: An Introduction .......................................................................................... 1 Ilinca Tanaseanu-Döbler and Marvin Döbler Religious Education in Classical Greece ................................................ 39 Christoph Auffarth Etrusca Disciplina: How Was It Possible to Learn about Etruscan Religion in Ancient Rome? ..................................................................... 63 Charles Guittard Before the Teachers of Israel and the Sages of Greece: Luke-Acts as a Precursor of the Conjunction of Biblical Faith and Hellenistic Education ............................................................................... 77 Reinhard Feldmeier Religious Education in Late Antique Paganism .................................... 97 Ilinca Tanaseanu-Döbler From a Way of Reading to a Way of Life: Basil of Caesarea and Gregory of Nazianzus about Poetry in Christian Education ........ 147 Andreas Schwab Locating Young Students in Byzantine Churches: A Chapter on Primary and Secondary Religious Education in Byzantium ......... 163 Nikos Kalogeras Formation for Wisdom, Not Education for Knowledge ...................... 183 E. Rozanne Elder vi contents Bernard of Clairvaux and Religious Education: An Approach from the Perspective of the History of Religions ....................................... 213 Marvin Döbler Index ................................................................................................................... 247 FOREWORD This volume has its roots in a panel organised by the editors in 2007 for the Annual Congress of the Deutsche Vereinigung für Religionswissenschaft (formerly for Religionsgeschichte) at the University of Bremen (Germany). Originally, we had intended a publication as conference proceedings, but while we were preparing the introduction the idea for a more elaborate project developed. In 2008 we taught a class highlighting religious educa- tion in pre-modern Europe at the University of Bayreuth (Germany). The discussions with the advanced and graduate students at Bayreuth greatly stimulated our interest in the subject. The systematic framework sketched in the introduction to this volume was composed in 2009 at the Ohio State University (Columbus, USA). The articles then underwent a thorough revi- sion by the respective authors in the light of this framework. The final steps of this dialectical process were accomplished at the Courant Research Centre EDRIS (Education and Religion from Early Roman Imperial Times to the Classical Period of Islam) at the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen (Germany) and the Institut of Religionswissenschaft and Pedagogy of Reli- gion at the University of Bremen (Germany). We would like to thank Brill and the editors of the Numen Book Series for considering our work for publication. We are especially thankful for the extensive and constructive feedback provided by the blind peer review. We also thank Maarten Frieswijk of Brill for his consultation and guidance throughout the review and production process. Kocku von Stuckrad of the editorial board oversaw our integration into the Numen Book Series. Many hands were involved in the production process, and we would like to express our gratitude to Susanne Becker for her redactional help, and to Gabriela Ryser who checked English spelling and grammar. We are enor- mously grateful for the final linguistic and stilistic revision by our bilin- gual colleague and professional academic translator Cornelia Jane Oefelein. Furthermore, we thank the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) for travel grants allowing our foreign colleagues to attend the 2007 Bremen congress. The Courant Research Centre EDRIS, founded at the University of Göttingen within the framework of the German Excellence Initiative, has provided a wonderful working environment and resources for the comple- tion of this work. viii foreword Finally, we wish to thank our dear colleagues who contributed to this volume. Their interdisciplinary impetus and openess towards a systematic frame provided by Religionswissenschaft inspired this project and made it reality. We hope this book will stimulate further research in this exciting topic in the field of European History of Religions and that our systematic frame- work may prove helpful for future interdisciplinary scholarly discussion. Göttingen/Bremen Ilinca Tanaseanu-Döbler and Marvin Döbler LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS Christoph Auffarth, Dr. phil. (1987), Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Dr. theol. (1996), Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, is Professor for the History of Religions at the University of Bremen. His research concentrates on the history of European religions, as well as diverse aspects of theory and method. His publications include Der drohende Untergang. “Schöpfung” in Mythos und Ritual im Alten Orient und in Griechenland am Beispiel der Odyssee und des Ezchielbuches (Berlin/New York, 1991). Marvin Döbler, Dr. phil. (2010), University of Bremen, is a Historian of Religion at the University of Bremen. He is interested in historical and methodological topics and his monograph entitled Die Mystik und die Sinne: Eine religionshistorische Untersuchung am Beispiel Bernhards von Clairvaux is forthcoming in the series BERG (Vandenhoeck&Ruprecht, 2012). E. Rozanne Elder, Ph.D. (1973), University of Toronto, is Professor of His- tory and Director of the Center for Cistercian and Monastic Studies at Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo. She has published widely on Cistercian monasticism. Recent publications include “Christologie de Guillaume de Saint-Thierry et vie spirituelle”, in N. Boucher (ed.), Signy l’abbaye, site cistercien enfoui, site de mémoire et Guillaume de Saint- Thierry (Signy L’abbaye 2000), 575–587, and “Communities of Reform in the Province of Rheims: The Benedictine ‘Chapter General’ of 1131”, in M.F. Williams (ed.), The Making of Christian Communities in Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages (London 2005), 117–129. Reinhard Feldmeier, Dr. theol. (1986), Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, is Professor for New Testament at the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen. His extensive publications include his recent major work together with Hermann Spieckermann, God of the Living: A Biblical Theol- ogy (Baylor UP, 2011). Charles Guittard, olim alumnus Ecole normale supérieure (1969–73), Ecole Française de Rome (1975–78), DLitt. (1996), is Professor of Latin Literature at the University Paris Ouest Nanterre. He is editor and translator x list of contributors of Livy, Lucretius, Plautus, Seneca, Macrobius and has published on Latin literature and Roman religion (Carmen et prophéties à Rome, Brepols, 2007). Nikos Kalogeras, Ph.D. (2000) in History, University of Chicago, teaches History at the Hellenic American Educational Foundation, Athens Col- lege.