Annual Environmental Report 2000 Committee on Ecology 2. Efforts regarding global environmental conservation Disruption of the global environment has global environmental issues lies in the fact that become an important concern for us all. Global we are assailants and victims at the same time. warming—believed to be caused by green- As the unit of CO2 emission from railways in house gases such as CO2—could have a seriously proportion to transportation volume is low in detrimental impact on our future, in terms of comparison to other means of transportation, both time and space. The effects of further notably the automobile (see page 34), railways global warming include a change in overall cli- are in relative terms an environment-friendly mate, which will in turn effect the worldwide means of getting from one point to the next. ecosystem and bring about a rise in sea levels. Moreover, electric trains do not emit any CO2 in The emission of large volumes of CO2 into operation, since their power source is electricity. the air—a result of the use of fossil fuels— The volume of energy consumption by JR places the blame for global warming on us, the East, however, has reached 58.7 billion MJ citizens of our environment. Therefore, while (worth 1.52 million kl of crude oil) in fiscal 1999. the products of industry and technology have This means that, however indirectly, we still produced real and lasting benefits, it is undeni- emit a large volume of CO2. JR East is striving to able that they have created problems that, prevent further global warming through reduc- unless they are resolved, will forever impact life tions in energy consumption and CO2 emission. on the planet earth. Therefore, the difficulty of ■Goals and progress Goal Figure from fiscal 1999 (for achieve- Reference value Item (figure from ment by Actual Value achieved fiscal 1994) 2001) achievement Total CO emission volume from business 2 ▲ ▲ operations 10% 8% 2.53 million t-CO2 2.76 million t-CO2 CO emission volume in proportion to unit electric power 2 ▲ ▲ generation by the Company-run thermoelectric power plant 10% 2% 567 g-CO2/kWh 581 g-CO2/kWh Energy consumption for train operations, 0.345 MJ/ 0.347 MJ/ ▲ ▲ in proportion to unit transportation volume 10% 1% passenger-km passenger-km Large-size refrigeration machines using CFCs ▲60% ▲53% 34 units 73 units *The basis of comparison for the total CO2 emission volume is the figure from fiscal 1990, in accordance with the COP3. ■ JR East’s efforts on behalf of global environmental conservation Preventing global warming Ozone-layer protection Reduction of CO2 emission volume Reduction of CO2 emission volume from business operations throughout the transportation system Improvement of efficiency in energy-supply sources • Achievement of greater energy efficiency at the Substitution of machines Company-run Kawasaki thermoelectric power plant Promotion of intermodal using CFCs transportation Collection of CFCs • Park & Ride Reduced energy consumption • Rail & Rent-a-Car • Energy consumption through train operations • Energy consumption at stations and office buildings 10 Energy supply and consumption by JR East The supply of energy for JR East consists of electric Electric power and fuel are used for train opera- power, which is generated by the Company-run tions, as well as for lighting apparatus and air-condi- Kawasaki Thermoelectric Power Plant and Shinanogawa tioning equipment at our stations and offices. We also Hydroelectric Plant, along with electric power pur- supply electric power to other companies, such as JR chased from power companies and other types of fuel. Freight, which run on our tracks. ■Energy map for JR East City gas, kerosene Light oil, diesel oil, and fuel oil Fossil fuels kerosene, etc. CO CO 2 CO2 emissions: 2 CO2 emissions: 1.33 million t 1.20 million t Electric power generated by the Electric power generated Electric power purchased Company-run thermoelectric power plant by the Company-run hydroelectric power plant 2.86 billion kWh* 2.21 billion kWh* 1.42 billion kWh* 44% CO2 34% 22% CO2 emissions: 0.24 million t Worth 91,000 kl of Electric power consumption volume 6.49 billion kWh (61.2 billion MJ) crude oil (3.5 billion MJ) Operation of conventional lines Operation of Stations, Supply of Operation Stations, Shinkansen lines offices, etc. electric power of conven- offices, etc. 3.26 billion kWh to other tional lines companies kl 50% 1.23 1.37 61,000 billion kWh billion kWh 0.63 30,000 kl 19% 21% billion kWh 10% Operation of conventional lines Operation of Stations, offices, etc. JR Freight Shinkansen lines and others 31.9 billion MJ 15.3 11.6 billion MJ billion MJ 5.9 54% billion MJ 20% 26% Energy consumption: 58.7 billion MJ (worth 1.52 million kl of crude oil) *Volume refers to the amount of electric power consumed. 11 Energy savings/Reduction of CO2 emissions ■ Trend in energy-consumption volume Energy for stations and office buildings Energy for operation of Shinkansen lines Trend in the volume of energy consumption Energy for the operation of conventional lines (billion MJ) 58.6 59.2 59.4 57.9 59.2 59.3 58.7 and CO2 emission volume 60 14.7 Electric power accounts for 94% of the total energy 50 14.8 15.1 13.7 15.4 15.3 15.3 consumed by JR East, 56% of which is supplied by our 40 9.2 10.0 10.2 power plants. It is therefore essential that we enhance 10.5 11.4 11.8 11.6 the efficiency of these plants and reduce energy con- 30 20 sumption in our trains and offices. By doing so, we can 34.6 34.5 34.1 33.7 32.5 32.2 31.9 reduce energy consumption for our business opera- 10 tions and achieve a corresponding reduction in CO 2 0 emissions. Through measures such as these, the energy 19901994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 *Purchased electric power and electric power generated by the Company-run consumed through JR East’s business operations in fis- hydroelectric plant were calculated based on 9.42 MJ/kWh. The electric power generated by the Company-run thermoelectric power plant and other fuel cal 1999 was 58.7 billion MJ (equal to 1.52 million kl of types were calculated based on the figures for actual consumption of fuel. ■ crude oil), while the volume of CO2 emissions was 2.53 Trend in total CO2 emission volume million t. Compared to the figures from fiscal 1990, Company-run thermoelectric power plant Purchased electric power (*1) the total CO2 emission volume decreased 8% , and Other types of fuel the volume of energy consumption stayed at the same Volume of energy consumption by JR East 2.76 2.73 2.63 2.53 2.59 2.56 2.53 level. Total 3.12 3.02 2.92 2.89 2.89 2.84 2.78 (million t-CO2) (*1) The CO2 emission factor from purchased electric power was 3 calculated by using the emission factor applied by the Federation 0.38 0.31 0.32 0.31 0.27 0.26 of Electric Power Companies Japan in fiscal 1990. Given the 0.24 fiscal 1998 emission factor, the figure becomes 14%. 1.11 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.20 1.19 2 1.20 1 1.63 1.52 1.41 1.40 1.41 1.39 1.33 0 1990 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 *Calculation of CO2 emission factor from fuel and purchased electric power was based on the emission factor set forth in the Voluntary Action Plan estab- lished by Keidanren (Japan Federation of Economic Organizations) and by the Federation of Electric Power Companies Japan. (The CO2 emission factor used for purchased electric power is the one applied in fiscal 1990.) *Includes the supply of electric power to JR Freight and others. ■ Electric power generation and CO2 emission volume Achieving greater energy efficiency at our at the Company-run thermoelectric power plant thermoelectric power plant Volume of electric power generation at the Company-run thermoelectric power plant (billion kWh) CO2 emission volume (million t) The Kawasaki Thermoelectric Power Plant run by JR CO2 emission volume in proportion to the unit electric power generation (g-CO2/kWh) East is in the process of replacing its old power-generat- 0123(billion kWh) 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 (million t-CO2) ing units with combined-cycle units employing steam 2.24 726 power and gas turbines. In April 1999, we completed 1990 1.63 the replacement of unit No. 3, one of four units at the 2.62 1994 581 plant. On the basis of this replacement the thermal 1.52 2.46 575 efficiency of unit No. 3 jumped from 34% to 46%. 1995 1.41 Accordingly, the annual CO2 emission volume from 2.44 572 our thermoelectric power plant was 1.33 million t, while 1996 1.40 2.43 the emission volume in proportion to unit electric 581 1997 1.41 power generation was 567 g-CO /kWh, meaning a 2 2.40 1998 580 2% decrease compared to the figure for fiscal 1994. In 1.39 2.35 fiscal 2000, when unit No. 3 shifts into operation, we 1999 567 1.33 expect to see a further reduction in the volume of CO2 0 250 500 750 (g-CO /kWh) emission. 2 12 Efforts regarding global environmental conservation Reducing energy consumption in train ■ Trend in energy consumption in train operations operations and transported volume JR East is in the process of introducing energy-saving Transported volume cars, including the E231 series used for local trains on Energy consumption for train operations the Sobu Line, as a means of reducing energy con- Energy consumption in proportion to the unit transportation volume (billion sumption in train operations.