Postal: PO Box 116, Ficksburg, 9730 Physical: 27 Voortrekker Street, Ficksburg Tel: 051 933 9300 Fax: 051 933 9309 Web: http://www2.setsoto.info/ TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................3 List of Maps ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................4 List of Tables ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................5 List of Acronyms ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................7 Definitions ..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................8 Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................8 1 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................9 1.1 Background ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................9 1.2 Purpose and Objectives ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................9 1.3 Project Methodology ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10 2 LEGISLATIVE AND POLICY BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 10 2.1 National Directives ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 11 2.2 Provincial Directives ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 21 2.3 Municipal Directives ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 23 3 SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 29 3.1 Background of the Study Area ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 29 3.1.1 Ficksburg/Maqheleng/Caledon Park ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 29 3.1.2 Senekal/Matwabeng .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 29 3.1.3 Marquard/Moemaneng ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 29 3.1.4 Clocolan/Hlohlolwane ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 29 3.2 Biophysical Analysis .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 31 3.2.1 Vegetation .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 31 3.2.2 Hydrology ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 31 3.2.3 Geology ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 32 1 | P a g e 3.2.4 Protected Areas ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 32 3.2.5 Agriculture ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 38 3.2.6 Climate Change .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 39 3.3 Socio- Economic Analysis ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 46 3.3.1 Population Composition ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 46 3.3.2 Education Level ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 51 3.3.3 Employment Status ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 54 3.3.4 Economic Sector Analysis ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 56 3.3.5 Poverty and issues of Migration ................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 57 3.3.6 Levels of Crime and Prevention Strategies ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 58 3.3.7 Economic Estimates ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 59 3.3.8 Socio-economic aspects in relation to the provision of Housing ....................................................................................................................................................... 60 3.3.9 Socio-Economic Challenges ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................