Web: www.ilagop.edu.pe Correo: [email protected] ​ ​ ​ 2015. "The New Relationship Among State, Market, and Political Actors in Public Policies”. Editorial Journal of US-China Public Administration Volume 12, Number 1, Serial Number 111. Págs.; 1-15. ISSN 1548-6591. United States and China. Journal of US-China Public Administration Volume 12, Number 1, January 2015 (Serial Number 111) David Publishing David Publishing Company www.davidpublisher.com Publication Information: Journal of US-China Public Administration is published every month in print (ISSN 1548-6591) and online (ISSN 1935-9691) by David Publishing Company located at 240 Nagle Avenue #15C, New York, NY 10034, USA. 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Fax: 1-323-984-7374; 323-908-0457 E-mail: [email protected] D DAVID PUBLISHING David Publishing Company www.davidpublisher.com Journal of US-China Public Administration Volume 12, Number 1, January 2015 (Serial Number 111) Contents Public Policy and Political Studies The New Relationship Among State, Market, and Political Actors in Public Policies 1 Pablo Eduardo Neder Motivation Factors Impacting the Civil Servant Performance in Local Public Administration in Kosovo 15 Naim Ismajli, Ibrahim Krasniqi, Ermira Qosja Ottoman Empire at the Dynamic Game of European Powers in the 15th Century and Early 16th Century 25 Elton Demollari Economical Issues in Public Administration Creating Additional Benefits in Enterprises by Private Equity Funds: Results of Researches 31 Ilona Falat-Kilijanska Competitive Advantages of Small and Medium Enterprises in Northern Thailand 42 Ratthanan Pongwiritthon, Thatphong Awirothananon Venture Capital in Central and Eastern Europe: A Comparative Analysis and Implications for Bulgaria 51 Julia Stefanova New Public Management Challenges The Role of Court Representatives in Cost Calculation of Bankruptcy Proceedings: A Case From Poland 60 Kinga Bauer Professionalism: An Imperative for Ethical Practice of Advertising in Nigeria 71 Godswill O. Okiyi, Chioma Eteng-Martins Journal of US-China Public Administration, January 2015, Vol. 12, No. 1, 1-14 doi: 10.17265/1548-6591/2015.01.001 D DAVID PUBLISHING The New Relationship Among State, Market, and Political Actors in Public Policies Pablo Eduardo Neder Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain The aim of this work consists in analyzing the new relationship among the institutions, the market, and the political actors on their historical approach, sociological and from rational choice, which comes out as a set of rules that determine the institutional reform’s processes from the incentive frameworks and restrictions imposed to the behaviors of the different agents and economic actors, social and political factors for the formulation and implementation of public policies and that they have an impact on the results measured in terms of economic growth and development. In this work, policies of employment form Spain (2008-2012) and Argentina (2001-2010) will be analyzed in a comparative study and in a crisis context. The author has considered that the cases are particularly adequate to answer to the new relation among the state, the market, and the political and economic actors and how they impact on the formulation and implementation of employment policies. The research conducted is of comparable hypothesis. Interviews and documentation studies were carried out that allowed observing the impact of that relationship to the policies of employment. Keywords: state, market, public policies, political actors The proposed work consists of, on the one hand, to note the new correlation among state, market, and society in the post-crisis of 2001 in Argentina, as a result of different law conflicts or of installation of companies that from one way or another, affect the citizens as regards quality of life, which beyond the problems and considering that “the neoliberal policies implemented in Latin America as because of the great debt crisis of the 80s managed to control inflation, but failed to promote a true macroeconomic stability and recover the development” (Besser-Pereira, 2007). On the other hand, this work consists on describing and explaining the political process of the labor market’s reform in Spain by the social democratic government, from the crisis of late 2007 to early 2008 to signing up with the social partners in 2011. This work explains from the conception of the public policies and the political actors, how does social dialogue develop in a context of uncertainty, because of this, it modifies the relationship among the state, the market, and the political actors. In this respect, we can quote Sartori that says the following: Apparently, it would be a problem of redefinition of the limits and relations between the state, the market, and civil society. In our opinion, an incipient struggle can be verified from the latter to win new opportunities for debate and participation. The paper is partially funded by CSU from Sociological Center and Policies of Paris (CNRS), France. Corresponding author: Pablo Eduardo Neder, Ph.D. candidate in government and public administration, Faculty of Political Sciences and Sociology, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain; and Urban Cultures and Societies (CSU) from Sociological Research Center and Policies of Paris (CNRS), France; research fields: public policy, government, European governance, comparative politics, market, and political actors. E-mail: [email protected]. 2 RELATIONSHIP AMONG STATE, MARKET, AND POLITICAL ACTORS IN PUBLIC POLICIES But is society really winning in advancing in social achievements? Or are the markets? Which is nowadays the real state’s role? There are many questions that come to redefine the relationship among the state, the market, and society. The first part of this work explains the international scenario and the impact of the financial crises; the second part describes the labor market in Argentina and the search of employment restructuration between the state and society; the third part is about the institutionalism’s role in the correlation among the state, the market, and civil society, making reference to Argentina and Spain; and the last part is about the Labor Market Reform and the “Social and Economic Agreement” of the social democratic government in a context of uncertainty, with special reference to Spain. International Scenario and the Financial Crises’ Impact The collapse of the Bretton Woods Monetary Agreements, after the oil crisis of 1973, brought the decline of national investment restrictions; at the same time, the big companies redesigned