OBSERVATOIRE DE PARIS MEMOIRE D’HABILITATION A DIRIGER DES RECHERCES Présenté par Valéry LAINEY Natural moons dynamics and astrometry Soutenue le 29 mai 2017 Jury: Anne LEMAITRE (Rapporteur) François MIGNARD (Rapporteur) William FOLKNER (Rapporteur) Doris BREUER (Examinatrice) Athéna COUSTENIS (Examinatrice) Carl MURRAY (Examinateur) Francis NIMMO (Examinateur) Bruno SICARDY (Président) 2 Index Curriculum Vitae 5 Dossier de synthèse 11 Note d’accompagnement 31 Coordination d’équipes et de réseaux internationaux 31 Encadrement de thèses 34 Tâches de service 36 Enseignement 38 Résumé 41 Annexe 43 Lainey et al. 2007 : First numerical ephemerides of the Martian moons Lainey et al. 2009 : Strong tidal dissipation in Io and Jupiter from astrometric observations Lainey et al. 2012 : Strong Tidal Dissipation in Saturn and Constraints on Enceladus' Thermal State from Astrometry Lainey et al. 2017 : New constraints on Saturn's interior from Cassini astrometric data Lainey 2008 : A new dynamical model for the Uranian satellites 3 4 Curriculum Vitae Name: Valéry Lainey Address: IMCCE/Observatoire de Paris, 77 Avenue Denfert-Rochereau, 75014 Paris, France Email: [email protected]; Tel.: (+33) (0)1 40 51 22 69 Birth: 19/08/1974 Qualifications: Ph.D. Observatoire de Paris, December 2002 Title of thesis: “Théorie dynamique des satellites galiléens" Master degree “Astronomie fondamentale, mécanique céleste et géodésie” Observatoire de Paris 1998. Academic Career: Sep. 2006 - Present Astronomer at the Paris Observatory Apr. 2004 - Aug. 2006 Post-doc position at the Royal Observatory of Belgium Jun. 2003 - Mar. 2004 Post-doc position at the Paris Observatory Mar. - May 2003 Invited fellow at the Indian Institute of Astrophysics Dec. 2002 - Feb. 2003 Post-doc position at the Paris Observatory Sep. 1999 - Nov. 2002 PhD thesis at the Paris Observatory Scientific Responsibilities: Apr. 2015 - Present ESTEC provider of the Galilean moon ephemerides for the JUICE mission Jan. 2015 - Present Leader of the IMCCE scientific team Pegase (about 25 pers.) Apr. 2013 - Present Coordinator of the ENCELADE 2.0 ISSI-international team Jun. 2011 – Present Deputy coordinator of the ESPaCE FP7-network Mar. 2010 - 2013 Expert of the ISSI-Phobos network 2009- Present Member of the GRGS (Groupe de Recherche en Géodésie Spatiale) 2009 - 2010 Member of ESA- EJSM/JGO WG4 Sep. 2007 - Mar. 2013 Coordinator of the ENCELADE international working group Sep. 2006 - Present Provider of natural satellite ephemerides for the Gaia mission Sep. 2006 - Present In charge of the Annuaire du Bureau des longitudes Apr.2004 - Jun. 2006 Member of the MAGE (MArs Geophysical European) network Institutional Responsibilities: Jan. 2011 - Dec. 2014 Elected member at the Scientific Council of the Paris Observatory Feb.2011 - Feb.2014 Deputy director of the IMCCE Jan. 2007 - Oct. 2011 Elected member at the Scientific Council of the IMCCE 5 Space Missions Involvement: M5-ESA Open Call (2016): core member on the JEM proposal ESA-JUICE (2013, present): Co-I on GALA, Co-I on PRIDE, Associate Scientist on JANUS, member of JUICE-WG-1 ESA-PLATO (2013, present): Associate Scientist NASA-InSight (2013, present): Associate Scientist on SEIS NASA-CASSINI (2012, present): ISS collaborator ESA-Gaia (2006, present): Member of the CU4 on the Gaia mission since 2006 M3-ESA Open Call (2009): Co-PI on the project mission GETEMME submitted in 2009 ESA-Mars Express (2004, 2006): Member of the Radio-Science Team PhD students (Paris Observatory): (4 defended, 2 to be defended) V.Robert (J.E.Arlot, V.Lainey) defended in 2011, L.Beauvalet (V.Lainey, J.E.Arlot) defended in 2011, R.Tajeddine (V.Lainey, S.Charnoz) defended in 2013, F.Remus (J.P.Zahn, V.Lainey and S.Mathis) defended in 2013, Y.Duchemin (J.E.Arlot, V.Lainey) to be defended in 2017, W.Polycarpe (V.Lainey, A.Vienne) to be defended in 2018. Master students (Paris Observatory): R.Tajeddine, S.Bertone, S.Chloé, L.Beauvalet, K.Chemla, Y.Duchemin Jury: Expert for the thesis of M. Le Feuvre (defended at IPGP in 2008) and J. Besserer (defended at Nantes University in 2012) Membership of Professional Organisations: Member of the IAU (since 2015) International Affiliate Membership of the American Astronomical Society (since 2009) Member of the AAS Division of Planetary Sciences (since 2009) Member of the SF2A (2007) Review Panel: Member of the SIMI5 ANR 2013 and ANR 2012, referee for CMDA, MNRAS, Icarus, PSS, A&A, AJ journals. Teaching at OBSPM: Master course on astrometry, observation training at OHP, training course on orbitography, supervision of engineer training courses 6 Outreach: Interview in Nature and Sky & Telescope journals, E=M6 (high audience TV programme), UPMC communication, Fête de la Science, Festival d'Astronomie de Haute Maurienne (2013), teaching to medium-school pupils, podcast, 8 min. movie “Saturn, an ecosystem”. Award: MESR Award for Scientific Excellence (“PEDR”, 2014-2017) Certificate in Excellence of Reviewing, Icarus 2013 MESR Award for Scientific Excellence (“PES”, 2010-2013) CoAuthor on the Prix La Recherche 2012 (Charnoz et al. Icarus 2011) One of my PhD students, F.Remus, has obtained the L’Oréal prize 2012 for her PhD work Funding ID: Team leader of the ISSI International team selected in 2014 CNES Open Call 2014/2015 – 5100 Euros P.I. RS/CNRS funding (2011/R1 ref. IE110421) – 8000 Euros Dep. Coord. FP7/2008-2017 (under grant agreement n. 263466) – 1,930,256 Euros Coord. ENCELADE UPMC-EMERGENCE (contract number EME0911) – 110,000 Euros Publications Refereed publications (57 publications, estimated h-index from ADS of 19.5, ADS citations number: 1120) 10 of the most cited papers are given below 1. Lainey, V., Arlot, J.-E., Karatekin, Ö., van Hoolst, T. (2009) Strong tidal dissipation in Io and Jupiter from astrometric observations. Nature 459, 957-959. 2. Efroimsky, M., Lainey, V. (2007) Physics of bodily tides in terrestrial planets and the appropriate scales of dynamical evolution. Journal of Geophysical Research (Planets) 112, 12003. 3. Lainey, V., Dehant, V., Pätzold, M. (2007) First numerical ephemerides of the Martian moons. Astronomy and Astrophysics 465, 1075-1084. 4. Lainey, V., Karatekin, O., Desmars, J., Charnoz, S., Arlot, J.E., Emelyanov, N., Le Poncin- Lafitte, C., Mathis, S., Remus, F., Tobie, G., Zahn, J.P., Strong tidal dissipation in Saturn and constraints on Enceladus’ thermal state from astrometry. Ap. J., Volume 752, Issue 1 (2012). 5. Lainey, V., Duriez, L., Vienne, A. (2004) New accurate ephemerides for the Galilean satellites of Jupiter. I. Numerical integration of elaborated equations of motion. Astronomy and Astrophysics 420, 1171-1183. 7 6. Lainey, V., Arlot, J.E., Vienne, A. (2004) New accurate ephemerides for the Galilean satellites of Jupiter. II. Fitting the observations. Astronomy and Astrophysics 427, 371- 376. 7. Vasundhara, R., Arlot, J.-E., Lainey, V., Thuillot, W. (2003) Astrometry from mutual events of Jovian satellites in 1997. Astronomy and Astrophysics 410, 337-341. 8. Lainey, V., Duriez, L., Vienne, A. (2006) Synthetic representation of the Galilean satellites' orbital motions from L1 ephemerides. Astronomy and Astrophysics 456, 783-788. 9. Arlot, J.-E., Lainey, V., Thuillot, W. (2006) Predictions of the mutual events of the Uranian satellites occurring in 2006-2009. Astronomy and Astrophysics 456, 1173-1179. 10. Lainey, V. (2008) A new dynamical model for the Uranian satellites. Planetary and Space Science 56, 1766-1772. Refereed publications with the PhD students that I co-supervised as the first author: 1. Beauvalet, L., Robert, V., Lainey, V., Arlot, J.-E., Colas, F., A&A (2013) 2. Beauvalet, L., Lainey, V., Arlot, J.-E., Bancelin, D., Binzel, R. P., Marchis, F., P&SS (2012) 3. Beauvalet, L., Lainey, V., Arlot, J.-E., Binzel, R. P., A&A (2012) 4. Remus, F., Mathis, S., Zahn, J.-P., Lainey, V., A&A (2012) 5. Robert, V., Lainey, V., Pascu, D., Arlot, J.-E., De Cuyper, J.-P., Dehant, V., Thuillot, W., A&A (2014) 6. Robert, V., de Cuyper, J.-P., Arlot, J.-E., de Decker, G., Guibert, J., Lainey, V., Pascu, D., Winter, L., Zacharias, N., MNRAS (2011) 7. Tajeddine, R., Rambaux, N., Lainey, V., Charnoz, S., Richard, A., Rivoldini, A., Noyelles, B., Science (2014) 8. Tajeddine, R., Cooper, N. J., Lainey, V., Charnoz, S., Murray, C. D., A&A (2013) Publications related to the M3 ESA open call: Oberst, J., Lainey, V., Le Poncin-Lafitte, C., Dehant, V., Rosenblatt, P., Ulamec, S., Biele, J., Hoffmann, H., Willner, K., Schreiber, U., Rambaux, N., Laurent, P., Zakharov, A., Foulon, B., Gurvits, L., Murchie, S., Reed, C., Turyshev, S.G., Noyelles, B., Gil, J., Graziano, M., Kahle, R., Klein, V., Pasewaldt, A., Schlicht, A., Spurmann, J., Uchaev, D., Wählisch, M., Wickhusen, K., GETEMME - A Mission to Explore the Martian Satellites and the Fundamentals of Solar System Physics, Experimental Astronomy, 34, Issue 2, 243-271 (2012). Invited presentations to internationally established conferences: 1. V. Lainey, Tidal dissipation in planets and satellites from astrometry, XVIII CBDO Brazil, city of Aguas de Lindoia 2016. 2. V. Lainey, Observational constraints on the tidal ratio k2/Q in the solar system, Saclay, Octobre 2014. 8 3. V.Lainey, Small Bodies Dynamics (SBD), New insight into tidal dissipation of the Saturn system with astrometric data from ISS-Cassini, Brazil, August 2014. 4. V.Lainey, Tidal dissipation in Giant planet systems from astrometry, COSPAR, Mysore 2012. 5. V.Lainey, Martian satellite ephemerides and long term evolution models, ISSI workshop – Phobos, Bern, 30 march 2010. 6. V. Lainey, Tidal dissipation and orbital evolution of large satellites, ISSI workshop – icy satellites 20 November 2008. 7. V. Lainey, J.E. Arlot, O. Karatekin, T. Van Hoolst, Observed tidal dissipation in the Jovian system from satellite motions, Asia Oceania Geosciences Society, Busan South Korea, 16- 20 June 2008. 8. V. Lainey, Natural satellite dynamics: what Gaia will bring, Gaia Workshop Beaulieu-sur- mer 28 October 2008. 9. V.Lainey, A.Vienne, Ephemerides of planetary satellites, ESOC, 21-22 Juin 2007.