DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITY OF PHARMACEUTICAL PLANTS IN THE CENTRAL VIETNAM AUTHOR: NGUYEN XUAN HOANG INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL CONSULTANT CO., Ltd. (IMC) HUE, OCT 2014 BACKGROUND OVERVIEW OF PHARMACEUTICAL PLANTS DEVELOPMENT SITUATION AND POTENTIAL FOR DEVELOPMENT OF RESOURSES OF PHARMACEUTICAL PLANTS IN CENTRAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY ON RESOURSES OF PHARMACEUTICAL PLANTS IN CENTRAL PROPOSAL FOR DEVELOPMENT OF RESOURSES OF PHARMACEUTICAL PLANTS IN CENTRAL APPENDIX – PICTURES OF PHARMACEUTICAL PLANTS IN CENTRAL OVERVIEW OF PHARMACEUTICAL PLANTS MARKET SHARE OF HERBAL Herbal medicines are used commonly as a MEDICINE (2008) complementary and alternative therapy for humans healthcare (Canada 70%, France 49%, Australia 48%, USA 42%, …) Calculated all over the world: annual revenue from herbal medicines reach around 100 38.9% billion USD China USA In the world, the primary production and 32.5% Japan supply regions of pharmaceutical plants are Korea developing countries in Asia, Africa and Latin Europe others America 5.7% 21.3% Nowadays Nations are stepping up 0.3% researches TPCN for herbal treatments fo incurable diseases. 1.4% Source: WHO, Euromonitor OVERVIEW OF PHARMACEUTICAL PLANTS Market share of natural medicines in There are about 400 production units, but 2 Vietnam over 240 million USD/ year (2011), units achieved GMP on TPCN (HS-GMP ASEAN) in which imported materials account for 60 – Revenue of about 2 billion USD/ year, the 70% average growth rate over 20%/ year, in which The limits of knowledge about medicine and 50% of domestic products traditional dosage techniques, instability of TPCN manufacturing enterprises utilize about market share uncontrolled 70% domestic herb in addition to imported There are 322 production units of herbal materials. medicine in country, including 80 large units The amount of products TPCN increased with only 12 units achieved GMP significantly from only less than 10 products in Facilities are limited, there is no certain 2001 to over 6800 products published by the standard of procedure… end of 2013 Source: Ministry of health SITUTATION AND POTENTIAL FOR DEVELOPMENT OF RESOURCES OF PHARMACEUTICAL PLANT IN CENTRAL Diverse topography with different microclimates and edaphic Changes of vegetation, severe • Lands with the number of basic soil reduction of natural forest (sand soil, mangrove soil, alkaline • Truong Son was replaced by soil…) cultivation and forest was exploited. • Tropical monsoon climate with their • Primary forest was moved to steep own unique features caused by the mountain areas impacts of topography • Diverse vegetation that is habitat of plant and animal species, including several species have been used as medicines SITUTATION AND POTENTIAL FOR DEVELOPMENT OF RESOURCES OF PHARMACEUTICAL PLANT IN CENTRAL • Most new herbal medicines originate The Central is rich in herb with the number from nature and primarily used in of rare species traditional medicine • Provincial statistic for herb species show • The lack of herb for extracting of active that have 700 to 800 species used for substances medicine (Thanh Hoa 875 species/175 • Natural areas allocated for herb are family, Nghe An 841 species/170 family being shrunk …) • The rapid decrease in the ability to • The number of herb have used to extract exploit herb species and medical animal active substances and to produce that have high demand medicines • The number of herb species face • The number of native and imported extinction herbs have planted in various scale • Areas for planting imported plants are significantly reduced and re-dependent on imports from abroad DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY ON RESOURCES OF PHARMACEUTICAL PLANTS IN CENTRAL Developing on Developing agricultural on and non- production agricultural Developing forest land on special use forest Developing on protection forests DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY ON RESOURCES OF PHARMACEUTICAL PLANTS IN CENTRAL Medicinal plants play a important role in National Special-use forest including watershed forest protection National Park, natural consevation areas, Medicinal plants that are development biodiversity consevation areas objects cultivated appropriately and have high economic efficiency and In an area of Special-use forest (except facilitate local community livehood the core area of the National Park), development with non-wood products should be provided medicinal plants to in forest (different from logging develop and in-situ conserve local actitvities) species and complement adpated The number of medicinal plant species genetic to build biodiversity associated have diverse ecological characteristics with development and conservation of can be selected the one adapted for medicinal plant genetics resources each type of terrain and specific microclimate to develop and to disseminate DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY ON RESOURCES OF PHARMACEUTICAL PLANTS IN CENTRAL Production forest should be planned for Agricultural land should be planned development of medicinal plants towards agro-forestry production in large scale specifically for medicinal plants production, requires the collaboration between the three Medicinal plants have a short term business circle (annual or 3-6 years) in accordance with stakeholders: farmers, enterprises and the land occupied early planting stage. managers The number of medicinal plants have diverse With annual demand of each medicinal ecological and agricultural characteristics, several shade and shade tolerance plants, plants is not huge, so it is appropiate to facilitate selecting production objects for cutivate in the narrow areas in Central specific areas Pharmaceutical production organization must Apply for cultivating semi-natural in protection forest, intercropped with tree in be associated with post-harvest processing special-use forest and forest in the early stage technology, so it is important to invest of reforestation cultivation areas, manufacturing ceters of Should have investments for manufacturing seedling and pharmaceutical processing centers of medicinal seedling producing factories in sync enough about quantity and category of seedling for cultication Leveraging steep semi-mountain area where could not cultivate agricultural plants PROPOSALS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF RESOURSES OF PHARMACEUTICAL PLANTS IN CENTRAL HUMAN POLICY RESOURCES OTHERS MECHANISM FOR TRAINING PROPOSAL FOR DEVELOPMENT OF RESOURSES OF PHARMACEUTICAL PLANTS IN CENTRAL Promulgating, revising legislation system of pharmaceutical management, especially in domestic medicinal plants and TPCN Develop priority policies in registration, circulation of medicinal plants from domestic Facilitating impact assessment, legal support to advertising issues Develop priority policies in research and production and hi-tech use Priority for public procurement of medicine and TPCN use dometic medicinal plants Develop mechanisms and policies to encourage individuals, firms, research institutions, conservation of genetic resources, implementation of the scientific and technological projects of materials and medicinal plants production Develop mechanisms and policies to encourage advertising, marketing promotion of products and brands that use local herbs PROPOSAL FOR DEVELOPMENT OF RESOURSES OF PHARMACEUTICAL PLANTS IN CENTRAL Develop human resources policies for Open training courses pharmaceutical for people assigned Training, gathering Training farmers in industry, especially in forest protection experts who are converting semi- seedling technology mission and rangers to capable of learning mountain into land for sector, biology protect, sustainable and evaluating local cultivating of technology, tissue forest exploitation, species medicinal plants culture, biomass, long-term storage of modification and medicinal plants conservation of gene. PROPOSAL FOR DEVELOPMENT OF RESOURSES OF PHARMACEUTICAL PLANTS IN CENTRAL FINANCE • Preferential loans and funding approach for the medicinal plant project • Reduction or cuting taxes appropriate for project size • The Government cooperate with enterprises to build modern centers for conservation of gene, tissue culture, cultivation, experiment and acclimatization of medicinal plants from other places, implementation of planting and transfer to enterprises and farmerus Supporting enterprises in loan to produce traditional medicine and TPCN from • Supporting enterprises in loan to produce traditional medicine and TPCN from medicinal plants TECHNOLOGY • Applying the results of research institutes, pharmaceutical research centers • Seting priority to enterprises in research and applying hi-tech in medicinal production and TPCN from medicinal plants COMMUNICATION • Extensively publicize the long-term effectiveness of the safe use of medicinal plants and security consious • Mobilizing clinics, schools, temples, public places in the restoration of native medicinal plants • Ministry of Health give local treatment guidelines of simple diseases using medicinal plants APPENDIX PICTURES OF PHARMACEUTICAL PLANTS IN CENTRAL TYPES OF PLANT 15 TYPES OF PLANT 16 EXTRACTING ACTIVE SUBSTANCE EXTRACTING Rutin FROM HOE OH HO O OH O OH O O CH2 OH O O CH 3 OH OH OH OH OH Rutin Sophora japonica 17 PRODUCTIONS OF Berberin Coscinium fenestratum (Gaertn.) Colebr, Menispermaceae ( Vàng đắng) Berberin O O N+ CH3O OCH3 Berberin 18 Coscinium fenestratum Phellodendron amurense Production of Diosgenin Dioscorea zingiberensis Dioscoreaceae Diosgenin Tacca chantrieri Andr., Tacaceae O CH3 H3C CH3 O CH3 HO Diosgenin 19 Tacca chantrieri ProductionII. Scientific of D-strophantin