GERMANY BERING SEA Bavarian Commander I. pine vole 1962 EURASIA Stellerís sea cow NORTH 1768 CORSICA & SARDINIA AMERICA Sardinian pika Late 18th C. WEST INDIES CUBA MEDITERRANEAN Cuban spiny rats (2 species)* HAITI/ DOMINICAN REPUBLIC ALGERIA Hutia (6 species)* San Pedro Nolasco I. Cuban island shrews (4 species)* CANARY ISLANDS Red gazelle Arredondoís solenodon* Quemi* Volcano mouse* Late 19th c. Pembertonís Hispaniolan spiny rats (2 species)* deer mouse 1931 CAYMAN IS. Hispaniolan island shrews (3 species)* PACIFIC Cayman island shrews Marcanoís solenodon* OCEAN (2 species)* Maria Madre I. PUERTO RICO Nelsonís rice rat 1897 Cayman coneys (two species)* Puerto Rican spiny rats (2 species)* Cayman hutia* MEXICO Omilteme cottontail 1991 BARBUDA Barbuda muskrat* CARIBBEAN Little Swan I. Caribbean MARTINIQUE Martinique muskrat 1902 Little Swan Island coney 1950s-60s PHILIPPINES: Ilin I. Monk seal BARBADOS Barbados rice rat 1847-1890 AFRICA J AMAICA 1950s Small Ilin cloud rat 1953 Jamaican rice rat 1877 ST. VINCENT GUAM Jamaican monkey* St. Vincent rice rat 1890s Guam flying fox 1967 PACIFIC ST. LUCIA PHILIPPINES: Negros I. GHANA Philippine bare- OCEAN St. Lucia muskrat Groove-toothed forest CAROLINES: Palau I. pre-1881 backed fruit bat Palau flying fox 1874 mouse 1890 1975 GAL¡PAGOS ISLANDS San Salvador I. INDIAN OCEAN San Salvador rice rat 1965 Santa Cruz I. Curioís large rice rat* SOLOMON ISLANDS: Guadalcanal Isabela I. Gal·pagos rice rat Little pig rat 1887 Large rice rat* 1930s TANZANIA Giant naked-tailed rat 1960s Small rice rats (2 species)* Painted bat 1878 NEW GUINEA CHRISTMAS I. Large-eared Maclearís rat 1908 nyctophilus (bat) 1890 MADAGASCAR Bulldog rat 1908 Santa Cruz I. SOUTH Sloth lemur* Tube-nosed fruit bat pre-1892 AMERICA ATLANTIC Tretretretre (lemur)* AUSTRALIA OCEAN Lemerleís hippopotamus* Big-eared hopping mouse 1843 Madagascar hippopotamus* Darling Downs hopping mouse 1846 Figure 2: Great hopping mouse 1850 ñ1900 CORAL SEA Mammals: The Recently Departed Broad-faced potoroo 1875 Percy I. MASCARENE ISLANDS: Eastern hare-wallaby 1890 AUSTRALIA Dusky flying fox 1874 RÈunion Short-tailed hopping mouse 1894 RÈunion flying fox Long-tailed hopping mouse 1901 Hardest hit by extinctions in the last 500 SOUTH AFRICA 1860 ñ1870s Gouldís mouse 1930 Bluebuck Desert rat-kangaroo 1935 years are rodents, bats and insectivores. 1800 Toolache wallaby 1939 White-footed rabbit rat 1940s Surprisingly, no rhinoceroses, bears, or Pig-footed bandicoot 1950s Crescent nail-tail wallaby 1956 cats of any sort have disappeared since Lesser bilby 1960s A.D. 1500. despite their seemingly New World Extinctions: Where Next? Desert bandicoot 1960s NEW ZEALAND: Central hare-wallaby 1960s TASMANIA Big Cape I. tenuous hold on survival at present. Lesser stick-nest rat 1970 Thylacine 1936 Greater short- tailed bat 1965 FALKLAND ISLANDS The New World has suffered two well documented * Species became extinct some time after Falkland Islands dog 1876 waves of mammal extinction since the arrival of A.D. 1500, percise date not known. people at least 15,000 years ago. The first wave, striking between 12,000 and 13,000 years ago, Future extinctions? Todayís affected mainland areas and resulted in the ìHOT SPOTSî Losses per order ...per habitat ...per area extinctions of at least 135 species. The second hit 1500 and later... West Indies & Gal·pagos Pacific Islands thousands of years later, in the West Indies and the (22%) 42 SPECIES LOST Continental Gal·pagos. In the West Indies, more than 80 percent 11,000ñ10,000 B.C. Insectivores (26%) The Continental Americas (12%) of the land mammal fauna was lost. Some scientists predict that a third wave will soon strike a 135 SPECIES LOST number of New World 'hot spots' - areas with high Rodents Island Caribbean Australia (54%) (71%) Islands (19%) species diversity and severe habitat loss. Marine (40%) (2%) Marsupials (11%) Interestingly, near-shore islands and the continental Americas have suffered only a handful Indian Ocean Bats (10%) Islands (8%) of documented species extinctions in the past Sea Cows (1%) Mediterranean Primates (3%) Artiodactyls (even-toed, Islands (1%) Africa (4%) 10,000 years, despite the enormous human impact ungulates) (4%) throughout this period. Practically the same is true Rabbits & Eurasia (1%) Atlantic Islands (2%) Pikas (2%) Carnivores (2%) Americas (1%) Marine (2%) of Africa and Eurasiaóbut not of Australia, which has had almost five dozen mammal extinctions since humans arrived there some 40,000 years ago. .