DIVERSITAS IKAN DI LAGUNA SEGARA ANAKAN:POTENSI DAN PEMANFATANNYA Sulistiono Departemen Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Institut Pertanian Bogor 2020 I. INTRODUCTION Segara Anakan Lagoon is located between 7°35'- 7°46' S and 108 °45 '- 109°01' E, on a border between West Java and Central Java Provinces of Indonesia. The total area of the Segara Anakan is approximately 24,000 hectares covering waters, mangrove forests, and muddy land formed by sedimentation. Fishing activity in Segara Anakan Lagoon II. FISH DIVERSITY The study was conducted for 9 months from March to November 2016, in Segara Anakan Lagoon, Cilacap Regency, Central Java Province of Indonesia, at 6 stations (Fig. 1) distributed near the sea and the river. Cibeureum River Citanduy River Segara Anakan Lagoon Majingklak Kampung Laut West Pelawangan Indian Ocean Map of study locations in the Segara Anakan Lagoon, Cilacap Central Java of Indonesia Tipe dan Jenis Ikan Menurut Moyle dan Cech (1988), terdapat lima tipe umum ikan yang ditemukan di wilayah estuari, (1) ikan estuari murni, (2) ikan bermigrasi antara sungai dan laut secara reguler (diadromous), (3) ikan laut non-dependen, (4) ikan laut dependen, dan Sampling di Segara (5) ikan air tawar. Anakan Ditemukan 130 spesies (93 genus dan 46 famili). 53 spesies memiliki nilai ekonomis penting, Sekitar 12 spesies prospektif didomestikasi dalam rangka pengembangan budidaya Fish found in Segara Anakan Lagoon of Cilacap consisted of marine fish, fresh water fish and endemic fish that habit in the lagoon. 82 fish species have been identified, consisted of 14 Order, 45 families and 62 genera. According to the sampling location, we found 42 fish species (Station 1), 41 fish species (Station 2), 19 fish species (Station 3), 36 fish species (Station 4), 35 fish species (Station 5), and 37 fish species (Station 6) The fish species caught in that lagoon is presented in Tabel 2, and the distribution is presented in Fig. 6-12. (1) Some fish species found in Segara Anakan Lagoon, Cilacap, Indonesia Genus Spesies English Name Platycephalus Platycephalus indicus Bartail flathead Neovespicula Neovespicula depressifrons Leaf goblinfish Chanos Chanos chanos Milkfish Siganus Siganus vermiculatus Vermiculated spinefoot Anabas Anabas testudineus Climbing perch Psammogobius Psammogobius biocellatus Sleepy goby Glossogobius Glossogobius aureus Golden tank goby G. giuris Tank goby Oligolepis Oligolepis acutipennis Sharptail goby Taenioides Taenioides cirratus Bearded worm goby Parapocryptes Parapocryptes serperaster mudskipper Trypauchen Trypauchen sp. burrowing goby Oxyurichthys Oxyurichthys tentacularis Tentacled goby O. ophthalmonema Eyebrow goby Lutjanus Lutjanus russellii Russell's snapper L. monostigma One-spot snapper L. argentimaculatus Mangrove red snapper Gerres Gerres longirostris Strongspine silver-biddy G. fillamentosus Whipfin silver-biddy Apogon Apogon sp. - Channa Channa striata Striped snakehead Pomadasys Pomadasys argenteus Silver grunt Plectorhinchus Plectorhinchus gibbosus Harry hotlips Johnius Johnius belengerii Belanger's croaker Acanthopagrus Acanthopagrus latus Yellowfin seabream A. palmaris Northwest black bream Epinephelus Epinephelus coioides Orange-spotted grouper Terapon Terapon jarbua Jarbua terapon Scatophagus Scatophagus argus Spotted scat Upeneus Upeneus vittatus Yellowstriped goatfish Caranx Caranx sexfasciatus Bigeye trevally Trachinotus Trachinotus blochii Snubnose pompano Scomberoides Scomberoides tala Barred queenfish Lepturacanthus Lepturacanthus savala Savalai hairtail Trichiurus Trichiurus lepturus Largehead hairtail Oreochromis Oreochromis niloticus Nile tilapia Leioghnathus Leioghnathus equulus Common ponyfish L. splendens Splendid ponyfish Photopectoralis Photopectoralis bindus Orangefin ponyfish Secutor Secutor interruptus Pig-nosed pony-fish Butis Butis humeralis - B. butis Duckbill sleeper B. amboiensis Olive flathead-gudgeon Sillago Sillago sihama Silver sillago Trichopodus Trichopodus trichopterus Three spot gourami Ambassis Ambassis kopsii Freckled hawkfish A. vachellii Vachelli's glass perchlet Scomberomorus Scomberomorus commerson Narrow-barred Spanish mackerel Colossoma Colossoma macropomum Cachama Moolgarda Moolgarda seheli Bluespot mullet Chelon Chelon planiceps Tade gray mullet Moringua Moringua javanica Java spaghetti eel Muraenichthys Muraenichthys gymnopterus Mangrove-Swamp eel Congresox Congresox talabonoides Indian pike conger Enchelynassa Enchelynassa canina Longfang moray Megalops Megalops cyprinoides Indo-Pacific tarpon Elops Elops hawaiensis Hawaiian ladyfish Macrones Macrones gulio Cats fish Dichotomyctere Dichotomyctere nigroviridis Spotted green pufferfish Tylosurus Tylosurus crocodilus Hound needlefish Zenarchopterus Zenarchopterus buffonis Buffon's river-garfish Rhynchorhamphus Rhynchorhamphus georgii Long billed half beak Setipinna Setipinna tenuifilis Common hairfin anchovy Thryssa Thryssa hamiltoni Hamilton's thryssa Stolephorus Stolephorus indicus Indian anchovy Anodontostoma Anodontostoma chacunda Chacunda gizzard shad Sardinella Sardinella fimbriata Fringescale sardinella S. gibbosa Goldstripe sardinella Atherinomorus Atherinomorus endrachtensis Eendracht Land silverside Macrones Macrones gulio Spotted catfish Paraplagusia Paraplagusia bilineata Doublelined tonguesole Cynoglossus Cynoglossus cynoglossus Bengal tongue sole Cynoglossus C. punticeps Speckled tonguesole Pseudorhombus Pseudorhombus arsius Largetooth flounder Osteochilus Osteochilus vittatus Bonylip barb Puntius Puntius sp. Java Carp The ten dominance species found in in Segara Anakan Lagoon No Species Individual number (%) 1 Macrones gulio 14.43 2 Ambassis vachellii 13.76 3 Chelon planiceps 12.58 4 Ambassis kopsi 9.46 5 Sardinella gibbosa 7.30 6 Valamugil seheli 6.62 7 Gerres filamentosus 4.57 8 Thryssa hamiltonii 3.47 9 Scatophagus argus 3.39 10 Glossogobius aureus 2.96 (2)Keragaman ikan di Segara Anakan yg ditangkap pada 2009 (Wahyudewantoro, 2012) (3) Keragaman ikan di Segara Anakan yg ditangkap pada 2009 (Suprastini dkk, 2014) (4) Keragaman ikan di Segara Anakan yg ditangkap pada 2014 (Nurfiarini dkk, 2015) (5) Keragaman ikan di Segara Anakan yg ditangkap pada 2004-2014 (Setijanto dan Rukayah, 2016) No Famili Jenis Tahun jenis Nama lokal No Famili Jenis Tahun jenis Nama lokal 1985+ 1999++ 1985+ 1999++ 1 Anguillidae Anguilla sp V 0 Sidat 33 Scianid sp V 0 Colomontok 2 Apogonidae Apogon aureus V 0 Prempeng 34 Scombridae Scamberomorus guttatus V 0 Tengiri 3 Aridae Arius macalatus V 0 Jahan 35 Serranidae Epinephelus V V* Kerapu 4 Belonidae Tylossor V 0 Seroang pachicentrum balong 5 Bothhidae Crossorhombus azareus V 0 Tapal Borok 36 Sillega sihema V 0 Bojor 6 Carangiadae Alectis indicus V 0 Jembret 37 Sparidae Acenthopagus berda V 0 Bekuku 7 Alepes Sp-1 V 0 Latugi 38 Stromateidae Pampus argeeseus V 0 Dawah 8 Alepes sp-2 V 0 Selar 39 Synodontidae Saurida tumbil V 0 Beloso 9 Chaetodontidae Chetodon aureofacciatus V 0 Bocu 40 Thrachiceohalus sp V 0 Susur wedi 10 Clupeidae Anchhoivella commerconi V 0 Teri Gepeng 41 Tetrodontine Tetrodon reticulatus V 0 Buntak kelapa 11 Cynoglossidae Vynoglossus lingua V 0 Lendra 42 Theraponidae Therapon theraps V 0 Terongan 12 Drepanidae Drepane langimana V 0 Gedebeg 43 Trichluridae Triclurus lepturus V 0 Layur 13 Engraulidae Setiinna tati V 0 Lea 44 Trygonidae Himanturus uarnak V 0 Pe 14 Stolephous indicus V 0 Teri gilig 45 Trypauchheridae Trypauchen vagina V 0 Tungon 15 Thryssa malabarica V 0 Mur 46 Sciaenidae Johnius tricehalus 0 V** Tigo wojo 16 Thryssa mystax V 0 Blibiran 47 Lutjanidae Lutjanus johni 0 V** Kakap 17 Gerreidae Geres filamentoasus V 0 Kapasan 48 Lutjanidae Lutjanus weberi 0 V** Kakap 18 Gobiidae Acentrogobius sp V 0 Nyongo /bambanga 19 Hemirphamlidae Hemirphamphus gergii V 0 Tracas 49 Serranidae Ephinepelus tauvina 0 V Kerapu 20 Lagocephalidae Sphaenoroides lunaris V 0 Buntak 50 Chaetodotidae Chaetodon auriga 0 V* Kiperan pisang 21 Leiogonahidae Leiogathus lussumieri V 0 Tetek 51 Apogonidae Oxiyodon macrops 0 V* Prempeng 22 Lutjanidae Lutjanus fulviflamma V 0 Tambalan gilig 23 L Sanguineus V 0 Bambangan 52 Polynomidae E. tridactylus 0 V* Kuro 24 Mugillidae Mugil buchanani V 0 Kada 53 Clupeidae E. mistax 0 V** Teri 25 M. dussumieri V V** Blanak 54 Gobiidae P. Argentlineatus 0 V** Gelodok 26 Mullidae Upeneus tragua V V** Tutus Kajang 55 Balistidae B. rectangulus 0 V* Pakol 27 muradaenecidae Muraenesox cinereus V 0 Remang 28 Polynomidae Polynemeus indicus V 0 Baeng 56 B. fuscus 0 V* Pakol 29 Pomadacidae Pamadasya hasta V 0 Krekekan 57 B. verrocoscus 0 V* Pakol 30 Patabouridae Rataboura bicolor V 0 Oleng 58 B. undulatus 0 V* Pakol 31 Scathophagidae Scatophagus argus V 0 Kiper 59 B. encharpe 0 V* Pakol 32 Scianidae Johnisius caruppta V 0 Tombol 60 Syngnathidae hyppocampus kuda 0 V* Kuda Fish Distribution (Sulistiono dkk, 2017) Fresh water Macrones gulio Fresh water Fresh Estuarine-Sea water water 90 80 Jumlah Sp yg Tahun teridentifikasi 70 1985 47 60 1993 15 50 1999 18 40 2000 45 30 2009 27 20 2014 15 10 2014 67 0 2016 77 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 The Relationship between the Environment Parameters and Fish Diversity 1 Variables (axes F1 and F2: 74,08 %) Nitrite Temperature 0.75 0.5 Nitrate Fish spec. 0.25 DO pH 0 salinity TDS F2 (22,36 %) (22,36 F2 -0.25 TSS Tranparency -0.5 -0.75 Orthophosphate -1 -1 -0.75 -0.5 -0.25F1 (51,720 %) 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 The correlation graph of aquatic environment and fish species POTENSI • Dalam perkembangannya, terancam pemanfaatan sumberdaya secara berlebih dan tidak ramah lingkungan seperti