Attachment A WASTE-TO-ENERGY AND WASTE EXPORT BY RAIL FEASIBILITY STUDY September 2019 WASTE-TO-ENERGY AND WASTE EXPORT BY RAIL FEASIBILITY STUDY WASTE-TO-ENERGY AND WASTE EXPORT BY RAIL FEASIBILITY STUDY Prepared for: King County Office of Performance, Strategy, and Budget Chinook Building, 8th Floor 401 Fifth Avenue Seattle, WA 98104 Prepared by: Arcadis U.S., Inc. 1100 Olive Way Suite 800 Seattle, Washington 98101 Tel 206 325 5254 Fax 206 325 8218 Our Ref.: 30015954 (WTE42955.0001) Date: September 2019 This document is intended only for the use of the individual or entity for which it was prepared and may contain information that is privileged, confidential and exempt from disclosure under applicable law. Any dissemination, distribution or copying of this document is strictly prohibited. arcadis.com WASTE-TO-ENERGY AND WASTE EXPORT BY RAIL FEASIBILITY STUDY CONTENTS Acronyms and Abbreviations ........................................................................................................................ ix Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................................ i Waste Tonnage Forecast ......................................................................................................................... i Waste-to-Energy Methodology ............................................................................................................... ii Waste Export by Rail Methodology ........................................................................................................ iii Comparison of WTE to WEBR ............................................................................................................... iv Implementation Schedule .............................................................................................................. iv Permitting and Regulatory ............................................................................................................. iv Financial Impact Comparison ........................................................................................................ iv Transportation Needs and Traffic Impacts ..................................................................................... vi Greenhouse Gas Impacts ............................................................................................................. vii Summary and Conclusions .................................................................................................................... ix WTE Conclusions .......................................................................................................................... ix WEBR Conclusions ......................................................................................................................... x Summary ......................................................................................................................................... x 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Background .................................................................................................................................. 1-1 1.2 Purpose ........................................................................................................................................ 1-1 2 Waste Tonnage Forecast ..................................................................................................................... 2-1 2.1 Background .................................................................................................................................. 2-1 2.2 Comparison of Tonnage Forecast Models .................................................................................. 2-1 2.3 Model Variables ........................................................................................................................... 2-4 Waste Disposed per Capita .............................................................................................. 2-5 Recycling Rate ................................................................................................................. 2-6 Waste Generation............................................................................................................. 2-7 2.4 Proposed Tonnage Forecasts ..................................................................................................... 2-8 3 Waste-to-Energy .................................................................................................................................. 3-1 3.1 Facility General Description ......................................................................................................... 3-1 3.2 Methodology ................................................................................................................................ 3-2 arcadis.com i WASTE-TO-ENERGY AND WASTE EXPORT BY RAIL FEASIBILITY STUDY Mass Burn Layout Option 1: Low Bound Forecast ........................................................... 3-3 Mass Burn Layout Option 2: High Bound Forecast .......................................................... 3-3 3.3 Facility Site Plan .......................................................................................................................... 3-3 Assumptions ..................................................................................................................... 3-3 3.3.1.1 WTE Facility Prototype Site Requirements ............................................................ 3-4 Buildings and Structures .................................................................................................. 3-5 3.3.2.1 Scale House ........................................................................................................... 3-8 3.3.2.2 Tipping Building ...................................................................................................... 3-8 3.3.2.3 Refuse Storage Pit.................................................................................................. 3-8 3.3.2.4 Boiler Building ......................................................................................................... 3-8 3.3.2.5 Air Pollution Control Building .................................................................................. 3-8 3.3.2.6 Stack ....................................................................................................................... 3-9 3.3.2.7 Ash Management Building ...................................................................................... 3-9 3.3.2.8 Ash Conveyor Enclosure ........................................................................................ 3-9 3.3.2.9 Turbine-Generator Building .................................................................................... 3-9 3.3.2.10 Air Cooled Condenser ............................................................................................ 3-9 3.3.2.11 Switchyard and Switchgear Room ........................................................................3-10 3.3.2.12 Water Treatment Building .....................................................................................3-10 3.3.2.13 Maintenance and Administration Building ............................................................3-10 3.3.2.14 Additional Buildings and Structures. .....................................................................3-10 Area Requirements.........................................................................................................3-11 3.4 Implementation Schedule ..........................................................................................................3-12 Long-Term Implementation Plan ....................................................................................3-12 Regulatory Approval .......................................................................................................3-13 Anticipated Time Required for Air Permit Approval ........................................................3-13 Procurement ...................................................................................................................3-14 Construction-Related Activities ......................................................................................3-14 Project Implementation Schedule Summary ..................................................................3-15 3.5 Cedar Hills Landfill Capacity Impacts ........................................................................................3-17 3.6 Permitting Requirements ...........................................................................................................3-23 Planning and SEPA Approvals .......................................................................................3-25 arcadis.com ii WASTE-TO-ENERGY AND WASTE EXPORT BY RAIL FEASIBILITY STUDY Land Use and Related Early Permit Submittals .............................................................3-26 Building and Construction Permits .................................................................................3-26 Operating Permits and Approvals ..................................................................................3-26 Air Construction Permit ..................................................................................................3-26 3.7 Financial Analysis ......................................................................................................................3-27