Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Project Number: 52167-001 December 2020 Regional: TAPI Gas Pipeline Project (Phase 1) Pakistan: Appendix D1 (Part 1) Prepared by the TAPI Pipeline Company Limited for the Asian Development Bank. This environmental and social impact assessment is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section on ADB’s website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY C-PAK-TAPI-ESIA-REP-0001-06 APPENDIX D1 – AIR QUALITY IMPACT ASSESSMENT 24/07/2020 APPENDIX D1 – AIR QUALITY IMPACT ASSESSMENT ESIA_Pakistan ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY C-PAK-TAPI-ESIA-REP-0001-06 APPENDIX D1 – AIR QUALITY IMPACT ASSESSMENT 24/07/2020 Phase I ESIA_Pakistan P a g e D 1 - 1 ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY C-PAK-TAPI-ESIA-REP-0001-06 APPENDIX D1 – AIR QUALITY IMPACT ASSESSMENT 24/07/2020 Appendix D1 – Emissions Inventory and Model Outputs Emission Inventory Phase I source characteristics and emission rates for NO2, SO2 and PM10 from all the modelled sources within the AGIs are presented in Table D1.1, Table D1.2 and Table D1.3. ESIA_Pakistan P a g e D 1 - 2 ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY C-PAK-TAPI-ESIA-REP-0001-06 APPENDIX D1 – AIR QUALITY IMPACT ASSESSMENT 24/07/2020 Table D1.1a: Source characteristics and emission rates for NO2, SO2 and PM10 for the Construction phase. NO2 SO2 PM10 Stack Temperature Velocity Stack Diameter AGIs Source Quantity X(m) Y(m) (g/s) (g/s) (g/s) Height (m) (K) (m/s) (m) PAK- Diesel 5 294,547 3,392,933 1.82 0.02 0.05 3 485 20.8 0.35 OS01 generator PAK- Diesel 5 738,109 3,330,655 1.82 0.02 0.05 3 485 20.8 0.35 OS02 generator PAK- Diesel 5 765,363 3,332,784 1.82 0.02 0.05 3 485 20.8 0.35 OS03 generator PAK- Diesel 5 969,157 3,366,165 1.82 0.02 0.05 3 485 20.8 0.35 MS01 generator Table D1.1b: Area Source characteristics and emission rates for NO2, SO2 and PM10 for the Construction phase from all the equipments and machinery considered Area Area AGIs X(m)* Y(m)* NO2 (g/s) SO2 (g/s) PM10 (g/s) (m2) Height (m) PAK-OS01 294,515 3,392,816 120,000 0.10 0.01 4.66 2 PAK-OS02 737,994 3,330,596 29,536 0.03 0.002 1.15 2 PAK-OS03 765,221 3,332,698 50,100 0.04 0.004 1.95 2 PAK-MS01 969,071 3,366,063 120,000 0.10 0.01 4.66 2 *South West corner of the area Table D1.2: Source characteristics and emission rates for NO2, SO2 and PM10 for the Operational phase. Flow Stack NO2 SO2 PM10 Stack Temperat Velocity Source Quantity X(m) Y(m) rate Diameter (g/s) (g/s) (g/s) Height (m) ure (K) (m/s) (m3/hr) (m) Fired Heater 1 294547 3392933 0.43 0 0 10 501 8837 13 0.5 Off-take Power Station no. Generation 1 294526 3393068 0.53 0.28 0.03 3 595 2590 23 0.2 1 (OS01) Unit Fired Heater 1 738109 3330655 0.43 0 0 10 501 8837 13 0.5 Off-take Power Station no. Generation 1 737595 3330763 0.53 0.28 0.03 3 595 2590 23 0.2 2 (OS02) Unit Fired Heater 1 765363 3332784 0.43 0 0 10 501 8837 13 0.5 Off-take Power Station no. Generation 1 765363 3332784 0.53 0.28 0.03 3 595 2590 23 0.2 3 (OS03) Unit ESIA_Pakistan P a g e D 1 - 3 ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY C-PAK-TAPI-ESIA-REP-0001-06 APPENDIX D1 – AIR QUALITY IMPACT ASSESSMENT 24/07/2020 Flow Stack NO2 SO2 PM10 Stack Temperat Velocity Source Quantity X(m) Y(m) rate Diameter (g/s) (g/s) (g/s) Height (m) ure (K) (m/s) (m3/hr) (m) Fired 1 969157 3366165 1.28 0 0 10 501 26512 38 0.5 Metering Heaters Station no. Power 1 (MS01) Generation 2 969121 3366258 0.87 0 0 20 816 23468 15 0.8 Unit Table D1.3: Source characteristics and emission rates for NO2, SO2 and PM10 for the Emergency phase. Stake Flow Stack NO2 SO2 PM10 Temperature Velocity Source Quantity X(m) Y(m) Height rate Diameter (g/s) (g/s) (g/s) (K) (m/s) (m) (m3/hr) (m) Off-take Station no. 1 (OS01) 1 294547 3392933 0.53 0.28 0.03 3 595 2590 23 0.2 Emergency Diesel Generator Off-take Station no. 2 (OS02) 1 738109 3330655 0.53 0.28 0.03 3 595 2590 23 0.2 Emergency Diesel Generator Off-take Station no. 3 (OS03) 1 765363 3332784 0.53 0.28 0.03 3 595 2590 23 0.2 Emergency Diesel Generator Metering Station no. 1 (MS01) 1 969157 3366165 0.87 0.45 0.06 3 595 4257 15 0.2 Emergency Diesel Generator ESIA_Pakistan P a g e D 1 - 4 ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY C-PAK-TAPI-ESIA-REP-0001-06 APPENDIX D1 – AIR QUALITY IMPACT ASSESSMENT 24/07/2020 Modelling Results The AERMOD model was set-up to predict ground level concentrations within the each of the AGIs boundary and beyond, covering a 20 km by 20 km domain. Sources within each of the AGIs (Table D1.1 to Table D1.3.) were modelled. A grid resolution of 500 m in a 20 km by 20 km domain was adopted, with nested grids with higher resolution (i.e. 50, 100 and 250 m resolution) close to the sources. Approximately 6000 discrete receptors were used including sensitive receptors (Table D1.4) around each of the AGIs. The modelling was undertaken based on the Project design of the pipeline and description available at the time of this assessment. Phase I modelled concentrations during construction, operation and emergency are summarised in Table D1.5 to Table D1.7, respectively. Table D1.4. Sensitive Receptors Phase I AGIs X (m) Y (m) Residential Receptors 295268 3392728 Karbala Branch Lower 286362 3384739 SURKHAB 286362 3384739 SURKHABLORA 286362 3384739 SURKHABRIVER 289497 3388344 LOECHUR 298526 3389557 KHUDADADZAI 305192 3395811 MALEZAI 305192 3395811 MALESAI 296026 3385538 SARANAN 299373 3393546 KARBALA 298984 3404057 WUCH 296533 3396895 LOECHUR 286446 3399710 BADWAN 295877 3401559 GANGALZAI 303571 3401755 ALIZAI 303571 3401755 ALLEZAI 293107 3401428 HARRAMZAI 293107 3401428 HURAMZAI PAK- 285784 3403913 SHINKAIKHULA OS01 284407 3385610 SAIYIDHAMIDRAILROADSTATION 284407 3385610 SAIYIDHAMIDSTATION 284407 3385610 SAIYIDHAMID 287488 3390478 KULALZAI 287841 3400298 KULAK 298978 3383819 SARANANAIRFIELD 291523 3402136 ZHUA 291684 3402164 BAND 297525 3402884 SHAKARZAI 304428 3397673 BAKHTARZAI 295610 3400147 WUCH 283883 3396680 KULALZAI 300809 3397770 TIRWAGARI 295165 3403329 ZHUA 288204 3402509 FAQIRZIARAT 298664 3385519 BATEZAI 286230 3383448 SAIYIDHAMID 285199 3382575 ROKHILORA 285199 3382575 KARAKLORA ESIA_Pakistan P a g e D 1 - 5 ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY C-PAK-TAPI-ESIA-REP-0001-06 APPENDIX D1 – AIR QUALITY IMPACT ASSESSMENT 24/07/2020 AGIs X (m) Y (m) Residential Receptors 300231 3402463 SANZAL 285006 3402265 SHARAN 284917 3399155 NAUMAJAK 284543 3383112 FAQIRZAI 298749 3401474 KAKAZA 298749 3401474 KAKAZAI 294868 3396126 PULGUDAR 293969 3403383 NIKAR 295616 3383636 SARANANRAILWAYSTATION 295616 3383636 SARANANSTATION 295616 3383636 SARANAN 296226 3403155 BAGHGAI 290405 3387063 AHMADKHEL 284235 3403605 ARAMBIMASEZAI 299614 3402197 SHAKARZAI 293899 3395559 KHUSHDILKHANCANALMAINBRANCH 293899 3395559 KHUSHDILKHANCANAL 288626 3392797 TORKHEL 290667 3392326 AMIRKILI 289179 3391122 PANDO 287883 3390254 HUSAIN 284756 3397772 MAJAK 302349 3391735 DORIBIANZAI 302634 3391299 SULAIMANKHEL 293882 3387704 SARANAN 293253 3386885 SARANANNAUKILI 299183 3384770 BATEZAI 289740 3402109 KULAK 290720 3395035 SHARUDCHUR 290720 3395035 SHAHIDCHUR 305532 3398392 BAKHTARZAI 301224 3401490 SIMZAI 295357 3399444 SHINGHARI 298216 3395785 SHALKOTKARBALA 284487 3402891 AGHBARGAI 286347 3385325 CHURMANDA 292710 3383568 SHAHSAWAR 289695 3382086 SHADIZAIBRANCH 284612 3402488 AGHBARGSHELA 286237 3403934 SHARANCHINA 294082 3400978 BAIAN 298288 3393936 PIRBABAZIARAT 302299 3393369 KARBALABRANCHUPPER 305948 3390468 SHIBOFEEDERBRANCHCANAL 305948 3390468 SHIBAFEEDERBRANCHCANAL 305948 3390468 SHABOFEEDER 305948 3390468 SHEBOFEEDER 305816 3384588 PACIAMANDA 305816 3384588 PASTAMANDA 305816 3384588 PASTA 304754 3384853 SANGAR 305442 3384563 AGHAMUHAMAMD 305442 3384563 AGHAMUHAMMAD 299290 3383352 GADDHACHUR 298974 3383604 PIRMDUSMANZIARAT 298974 3383604 PIRMUHAMMADUSMANZIARAT 296618 3404164 KHUSHAI 288343 3401459 KULAK 289579 3400695 TAKAIKAKOZAI ESIA_Pakistan P a g e D 1 - 6 ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY C-PAK-TAPI-ESIA-REP-0001-06 APPENDIX D1 – AIR QUALITY IMPACT ASSESSMENT 24/07/2020 AGIs X (m) Y (m) Residential Receptors 291233 3400879 LAMAR 289536 3397153 AMBARA 291455 3397239 AMBARACHUR 293581 3401172 SULAIMANKHEL 293832 3397625 GULISTANCHUR 299501 3401861 AJAIBZAI 306213 3397764 AKHEZAITANGAI 292259 3396115 MATCHUR 290824 3394910 CHAWALEGUDAR 288357 3395421 BADEZAI 288137 3392313 ARAMBIMANDA 288137 3392313 ARAMBI 291415 3386920 RAKHSHELA 286568 3388432 POPALZAI 284910 3401435 BADWANKAREZ 300531 3391399 ATOMANDA 305805 3385481 TIRKHAMANDA 297743 3401770 AJAIBNIKAZIARAT 300923 3396721 QANDILCHUR 302162 3398977 RUSTAMNIKAZIARAT 292926 3392066 BORASHAH 300975 3389481 HAIKALZA 300975 3389481 HAIKALZAI 300123 3390914 KHUNIQILA 304618 3396406 TOGHAI 304618 3396406 TOGHAIMANDA 304618 3396406 TOGHAL 304618 3396406 TOGHALMANAA 297219 3402181 GORIAN 291226 3393670 MADO 297852 3393390 KARBALABRANCHLOWER 304907 3382971 KILIHAJIJALAL 297916 3402476 SHINGHARI 305599 3391799 SRAQILA 295648 3402149 HAJIZAI 296921 3392052 DORICHUR 737782 3328738 Saidpur 727909 3339620 Thatti Khawran 730170 3340345 Khairpur 734568 3328669 Bahawalpur Sukha 734568 3328669 Bahawalpur