Two Important Men of Bonn - outstanding physician and, as a civil servant first in the medicine), in pathology, practical medicine, police medicine indeed they were the targeted group. Lorenz von Breuning Lichnowsky. The situation of both Rombergs in Vienna was Franz Gerhard Wegeler French and after 1814 in the Prussian administration, he was and the writing of prescriptions, the privy councillor Peter probably brought his sister Eleonore an orphica to Bonn not good. They had also left Bonn, where they had been able thanks to his wisdom and great perseverance to bring Wilhelm de Gynetti in physiology, semiotics and botany, and when he returned home in October 1797, having finished his Beethoven’s colleagues in the court music ensemble, because and Ludwig van Beethoven about important improvements in the medical care of the the highly esteemed anatomist and surgeon Joseph Claude medicine studies in Vienna. As a leaving present Beethoven of the French occupation. “Only the ever unwaivering, firm principles of Good Rhineland. In particular the training of qualified midwives Rougemont, who in 1783 was appointed by the Prince gave him two pieces, in C major and F major, specially com- Showcase 5: It is an absolute stroke of luck that two silhou- held us nevertheless always bound closely together”. cannot be overestimated, in a time of high infant mortality Elector Max Friedrich as his court physician in Bonn. In posed for Eleonore, which took into account the specific ettes have resurfaced, which for decades was thought to have which had affected the Beethoven family as well as so many addition, the new Prince Elector Max Franz brought with him capabilities of this instrument. The original handwritten perished in the flames of the Second World War. They depict Special Exhibition in the Beethoven House Bonn others. This exhibition seeks to illustrate the diversity of his his own court physican Martin von Ney from Vienna, who score is kept in the Wegeler Collection. Helen von Breuning with her four children (from left to right: 28th May to 31st August 2008 work. duly received a fourth professorship in obstetrics. The brown stained oak wood shrine with ornaments and Eleonore, Christoph, Lorenz and Stephan) and her brother- 1st Floor Room 7 Showcase 1: Wegeler introduced the In November 1786 a grand celebration took place to mark the water-colour double portrait of Beethoven (after Joseph Karl in-law, Canon Johann Lorenz von Breuning, domestically 11-year-old Beethoven into the von Breuning family. After official raising of the Academy to the status of university. In Stieler) and Franz Gerhard Wegeler (after Rudolf von preoccupied with reading, lacemaking, playing music or interruptions due to Wegeler’s period of study in Vienna the presence of the Elector and his guests there were Norman) has since 1912 accommodated very good chatting to a bird respectively drinking tea. Beethoven was between 1787 and 1789 and Beethoven’s departure for scientific disputations, in the course of which Kauhlen photographs of Wegeler’s and Beethoven’s manuscripts in piano teacher to Eleonore and Lorenz, and together with Vienna in November 1792, they met regularly in 1794-1796 spotlighted his student Wegeler by making a dissertation the inside of the lid. It was a present from Carl Wegeler, Stephan he took violin lessons from Anton Ries. Helene von when Wegeler was living in Vienna again because of the written by him concerning breathing and lung functions the grandson of Franz Gerhard Wegeler, to the Beethoven House, Breuning (see also the large portrait of her in Room 4) played French occupation of Bonn. It was shortly after Wegeler’s subject of the medical disputation. Thus made aware of him, to which the Wegeler family then ten years ago gave over its an important role in Beethoven’s character development, first return from Vienna that Beethoven wrote a transcription Prince Elector Max Franz sent Wegeler, as he did Beethoven, entire collection on permanent loan. particularly after the death of his own mother. In the adjacent for piano of C.F.D. Schubart’s “Kaplied” (“Cape Song”), a in 1787 to Vienna to further his studies. For two years Showcase 4: During his second stay in Vienna, Franz letter Stephan von Breuning begs his mother to give up her sublime indictment of Duke Carl Eugen of Württemberg, Wegeler continued his studies at the Medical-Surgical Gerhard Wegeler counted the surgeon Johann Nepomuk resistance to a marriage between his sister Eleonore and who had sold an army of mercenaries which was sent to the Joseph’s Academy. Hunczovsky among his circle of friends. Among the profes- Franz Gerhard Wegeler, “which unfavourable circumstances Cape. Wegeler and his wife Eleonore remained friends with sors of the Joseph’s Academy were also Johann Adam have postponed for too long”. The wedding finally took place Wegeler later translated from the French three medical th Beethoven all his life, although Beethoven found it difficult papers by Rougemont, for instance about rabies and Schmidt, who was later Beethoven’s doctor, and Wilhelm on 19 March 1802. In particular it had been prevented by the to write letters to them in particular, and in fact did so quite vesicants. In 1789 Wegeler returned from Vienna to succeed Schmitt. In his letter of 23rd July 1796 to Wegeler, moderate income of the bridegroom, who, after the dissolu- infrequently. In his letter of 28th December 1825 Wegeler von Ney as Professor of Obstetrics. In 1793, after Hunczovsky mentioned them both, as well as sending greet- tion of the Electoral University, had as a general practitioner took the opportunity of renewing the contact with Beethoven Rougemont’s resignation, he was voted Rector by the ings to Rougemont and Christoph von Breuning. Wilhelm for some years no substantial financial security. That, how- after so many years. He recalled their shared boyhood in University Senate. In that capacity he signed on Schmitt lectured in obstetrics, as did the chemistry and ever, was in those days an essential prerequisite for marriage. Bonn and their close band of friendship. Although this letter 4th September 1794 a petition to the Prince Elector. botany professor Joseph Jakob Plenck, which proved to be of On the wall hangs a view of the von Breuning’s family must have delighted Beethoven, it was a year before he Displayed in Showcase 3 is an exceedingly rare instrument: particular importance with regard to Wegeler’s subsequent residence, in which in 1889 the Beethoven House Society Franz Gerhard Wegeler and his wife Eleonore, née von replied. He often had difficulty expressing his feelings in an orphica. Carl Leopold Röllig invented this instrument in work. Simon Zeller, head obstetrician at the newly opened was founded, as well as portraits of Johann Philipp von Breuning, were among Beethoven’s closest friends. A year words, and although he had an answer ready in his head, he 1795 and immediately procured an Imperial patent for it. He natal institute, reformed obstetrics by propagating natural Breuning, dean of a collegiate church in Kerpen, Stephan before Beethoven’s death, Wegeler summed up as follows: was not able to formulate it. He gave notice that he would be described it as follows: “an instrument which, in its childbirth even in difficult circumstances (see Showcase 1 in von Breuning and his son Gerhard, whom when he was a “For me at least, the acquaintance and the close boyhood sending the portrait displayed here, but in fact it was put construction, differs greatly from the theorbo, the lute, the Room 12 on the ground floor). In his letter, Hunczovsky child Beethoven affectionately called “Trouser Button”. friendship with you, encouraged by your dear mother, was a aside and did not reach his friend until shortly after made his sympathy for his former pupil clear in many ways. Beethoven’s death. The hand-written dedication reads: “To English or Spanish zither (cithara) and which far surpasses Showcase 6: All members of the earlier illuminati society very bright spot in my life, which I look back on with them all with regard to its sweetness of sound and variety of The latter had left Vienna a month earlier to return to Bonn. „Stagira“ found themselves in the Bonn Reading Society, pleasure and which occupies my time especially when I am his long-standing, revered and much loved friend F. v. [!] Hunczovsky informed him first of all in confidence about his Wegeler from LOUIS VAN BEETHOVEN“. modulation.” It is a fortepiano (Hammerklavier) of light- founded in 1787, of which Wegeler was chairman in travelling. Now I look up to you as to a hero and am proud to weight construction with steel or gut strings. Reminiscent of election to the Medical-Surgical Joseph’s Academy, which at 1806/07. In 1805/06 members of the society founded the be able to say that I was not without influence on his On the wall is a view of the original University of Bonn, as the lyra in its shape, it made piano playing (and the accom- that time was at the peak of its fame and the membership of Masonic Lodge “Les Frères courageux”, and among the development, that he confided in me his wishes and dreams, well as portraits of Wegeler (done in the year of Beethoven’s paniment of songs) possible in the open air, for its lightness it was a great honour. founders were Nikolaus Simrock and Wegeler’s close friend and when he was later so frequently misunderstood, I at least death) and his later wife sitting at the square piano when she and a carrying strap made it easy to transport. Its invention It can be gathered from Stephan von Breuning’s letter of Franz Anton Ries.