DID JESUS MARRY MARY MAGDALENE? : A STUDY ON THE FUNCTION OF THE CHRISTIAN JARGON IN DAN BROWN’S THE DA VINCI CODE AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Sarjana Sastra English Letters By ELISABETH GRACE OKTAVIANI Student Number: 024214002 ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAMME DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2006 i TALENT IS 1% INSPIRATION AND 99% HARD WORKING (THOMAS ALVA EDISON) iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I realize that I cannot reach such a progress this far without the helps of many people around me. First of all, I would like to thank my advisor, Adventina Putranti, S.S. for giving me some of her precious and comprehensive knowledge and for her supportive recommendation that I can manage my thesis well. I really appreciate what she had given to me from the beginning of my thesis. I would also like to thank my co- advisor, Johanes Harris Hermansyah Setiajid, S.S, M.Hum. for his precious suggestion. I have to mention Mr. Krisno because he has lent me his The Da Vinci Code. Here I will not forget to give my deep gratitude, love and honor for my beloved parents, who have given their big support, blessing, and wonderful love to me from the very beginning, that I know I could never reach this stage without their prayer. Personally, I could also manage this thesis because of the supportive and wonderful friendship from my brother Ferry, my lovely twins Titin and Olive, my big sister Diah and also not to forget Swesti. There is also Tarzan, who really has given his support and prayed for my success that I would like to say my thanks. The last one but not the least, I would also love to give my regard and thanks for the English Letters’ secretariat staff, and all the members of Writing VI class. Finally, I dedicate this thesis for my junior in the Faculty of Letters Sanata Dharma University. I really hope that this thesis can be useful for the further study as a valuable reference. Elisabeth Grace Oktaviani v TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE …..………………………………………………………… i APPROVAL PAGE ……………………………………………………… ii ACCEPTANCE PAGE …………………………………………………… iii MOTTO PAGE …………………………………………………………… iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ………………………………………………… v TABLE OF CONTENTS …………………………………………………. vi ABSTRACT ………………………………………………………………. viii ABSTRAK ………………………………………………………………… ix CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ………………………………………….. 1 A. Background of the Study ………………………………………………. 1 B. Problem Formulation …………………………………………………... 2 C. Objectives of the Study ………………………………………………… 2 D. Definition of Terms …………………………………………………….. 3 CHAPTER II THEORETICAL REVIEW ………………………………… 4 A. Review of Related Studies ……………………………………………… 4 1. A Multitude Error in Dan Brown’s The Da Vinci Code…………… 5 2. What If An Educator Had Written ‘The Lord’s Prayer? ’……….. 7 B. Review of Related Theories ……………………………………………. 9 1. Language Function……………………………………………….. 9 2. Style, Dialect, and Register………………………………………. 10 3. Jargon…………………………………………………………….. 12 4.Theories on The Use of Jargon…………………………………… 15 C. Theoretical Framework …………………………………………………. 18 CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY …………………………………………. 20 A, Object of the study ……………………………………………………… 20 B. Approach of the Study …………………………………………………... 21 C, Method of the Study …………………………………………………….. 21 CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS ………………………………………………… 24 A. Christian Jargon in The Novel……………………………………. 26 1. Christian jargon of certain Characters or Groups in Christianity 26 a. Jesus……………………………………………….. 26 b. Mary Magdalene…………………………………... 28 c. Constantine The Great……………………………. 31 d. Priory of Sion……………………………………... 33 2. Jargon connected with certain symbols…………………… 36 a. Rose………………………………………………... 36 b. Holy Grail………………………………………….. 39 vi c. Chalice…………………………………………….. 42 d. Blade………………………………………………. 44 e. Pentacle……………………………………………. 45 f. The Last Supper…………………………………… 48 B. The Functions of The Use of The Christian Jargon………………. 51 1. Jesus……………………………………………………….. 52 2. Mary Magdalene…………………………………………… 56 3. Constantine The Great……………………………………... 59 4. Priory of Sion……………………………………………… 64 5. Holy Grail…………………………………………………. 67 6. Chalice…………………………………………………….. 70 7. Blade………………………………………………………. 73 8. Rose………………………………………………………… 76 9. Pentacle……………………………………………………. 79 10. The Last Supper………………………………………….. 81 CHAPTER V CONCLUSION ……………………………………………… 82 BIBLIOGRAPHY …………………………………………………………… 85 vii ABSTRACT ELISABETH GRACE OKTAVIANI (2006). Did Jesus Marry Mary Magdalene? : A Study on the Function of The Christian Jargon in Dan Brown’s The Da Vinci Code . Yogyakarta: Department of English Letters, Faculty of Letters, Sanata Dharma University. The focus of the study in this thesis is to analyze Christian jargon that talks about the issue of the marriage of Jesus and Mary Magdalene in Dan Brown’s The Da Vinci Code . The writer is interested in taking this topic of Christian Jargon in the novel because jargon itself is a kind of special terms, which has a unique meaning. The Da Vinci Code is taken as the context of this thesis because of its controversy. The writer then assumes that such Christian jargon has been used by the novel to talk about the issue. Related to the chosen topic, the writer can then construct two problems formulations. The first problem formulation in this thesis is to identify what Christian Jargon is used in The Da Vinci Code. This means to identify some words that fulfill the requirement as Christian Jargon in the novel, and to know their meanings. The second one is to know what functions of the Christian Jargon in the novel are. There are several steps that the writer takes to conduct this thesis. The first steps are to choose an interesting topic, determine the context of the study, and construct the problem formulations. The next step is to take some related theories and studies. Then, the writer use some basic theories of Christian jargon from the collected theories to collect the first data of Christian Jargon in the novel and limit them. This limited data of Christian Jargon is then analyzed. This step is meant to identify some words that are considered Christian jargon in the novel, their meanings and their functions in the novel. Finally, the last step is to conclude the answers for the both problem formulations. The result of the analysis shows that there are ten words of Christian jargon in the novel. They are Holy Grail, Jesus, Mary Magdalene, Pentacle, The Last Supper, Chalice, Constantine The Great, Priory of Sion, Blade and Rose. Based on the context, these words are taken as the primary data of this thesis first because they have meanings that talk about the issue of Mary Magdalene and are familiar among Christians in the novel. For the second problem formulation, the writer finds out four possible functions of the Christian jargon in the novel. The first function is to strengthen the idea about the marriage of Jesus and Mary Magdalene. Thus, the answer for the question “Did Jesus marry Mary Magdalene?” is positive from the point of view of the Christian Jargon and the novel. The second one is to share some new ideas of the novel that support the issue of the marriage of Jesus and Mary Magdalene. These Christian Jargon in the novel are also used identify those who agree or disagree to the idea of Mary Magdalene as the wife of Christ and sometimes to show a kind of skepticism toward those who disagree. viii ABSTRAK ELISABETH GRACE OKTAVIANI (2006). Did Jesus Marry Mary Magdalene? : A Study On The Functions Of The Christian Jargon in Dan Brown’s The Da Vinci Code .Yogyakarta: Jurusan Sastra Inggris, fakultas Sastra, Universitas Sanata Dharma. Fokus penelitian di dalam skripsi ini adalah menganalisis jargon Kristen yang berbicara tentang isu pernikahan Yesus dengan Maria Magdalena di dalam novel The Da Vinci Code karya Dan Brown. Penulis tertarik untuk mengambil topik jargon Kristen di dalam novel tersebut karena jargon itu sendiri adalah suatu jenis istilah khusus yang memiliki makna yang unik. The Da Vinci Code diambil sebagai konteks dalam skripsi ini karena kontroversi yang ditimbulkannya. Penulis berasumsi bahwa jargon Kristen yang ada dalam novel ini, dipakai untuk berbicara tentang isu tersebut. Sehubungan dengan topik yang telah dipilih, penulis kemudian menyusun dua pokok permasalahan. Pokok permasalahan yang pertama di dalam skripsi ini adalah jargon Kristen apa sajakah yang dipakai di dalam novel. Hal ini dimaksudkan untuk mengidentifikasi kata-kata yang sesuai dengan ciri-ciri jargon Kristen di dalam novel, dan untuk mengetahui maknanya. Pokok permasalahan yang kedua adalah untuk mengetahui fungsi-fungsi dari jargon Kristen tersebut. Ada beberapa langkah yang diambil untuk menjalankan skripsi ini. Langkah pertama adalah memilih topik yang menarik, menentukan konteks skripsi, dan menyusun pokok-pokok permasalahan. Langkah selanjutnya adalah mengambil beberapa teori dan wacana yang berhubungan. Kemudian, penulis memakai beberapa teori dasar tentang jargon Kristen untuk memilih data tentang jargon Kristen dan mensortirnya. Data yang telah dibatasi kemudian dianalisis. Langkah ini dimaksudkan untuk mengidentifikasi jargon Kristen di dalam novel, arti-artinya, dan fungsi-fungsinya di dalam novel. Langkah terakhir adalah menyimpulkan jawaban untuk kedua pokok permasalahan. Hasil analisis myatakan ada sepuluh jargon Kristen di dalam novel The Da Vinci Code . Jargon Kristen tersebut adalah Holy Grail, Jesus, Mary Magdalene, Pentacle, The Last Supper, Chalice, Constantine The Great, Priory of Sion, Blade dan Rose. Berdasarkan konteks dalam skripsi ini, kata-kata tersebut