The Evolution of Rel-7 to Rel-8—HSPA and SAE/LTE TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE .....................................................................................................................................................4 1 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................................5 2 PROGRESS OF REL-99/REL-5/REL-6 UMTS .........................................................................................6 2.1 PROGRESS TIMELINE.............................................................................................................................6 3 PROGRESS OF REL-7 AND HSPA EVOLVED/HSPA+..........................................................................8 3.1 BACKGROUND AND STANDARDS STATUS ...............................................................................................8 3.1.1 Radio Enhancements ......................................................................................................................9 3.1.1.1 Enhanced Performance Requirements based on Receive Diversity & LMMSE Equalizer Receiver for HSDPA UE (Type 3 Receivers)...................................................................................9 3.1.1.2 Higher Order Modulations.................................................................................................10 3.1.1.3 Continuous Packet Connectivity (CPC) for Data Users....................................................10 3.1.1.4 MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) Antennas..............................................................12 3.1.1.5 RAN Architecture Improvements ......................................................................................12 3.1.2 Device Related Enhancements.............................................................................................13 3.1.2.1 Globally Routable User Agent URIs (GRUU) ...................................................................13 3.1.2.2 UICC Enhancements ........................................................................................................13 3.1.3 Evolved EDGE...............................................................................................................................14 3.2 PERFORMANCE BENEFITS...................................................................................................................14 3.2.2 Higher Order Modulation, DL.........................................................................................................14 3.2.3 Higher Order Modulation, UL.........................................................................................................15 4 THE GROWING DEMANDS FOR WIRELESS DATA APPLICATIONS ................................................16 4.1 WIRELESS DATA TRENDS AND FORECASTS ..........................................................................................16 4.2 WIRELESS DATA REVENUE ..................................................................................................................17 4.3 3G DEVICES .......................................................................................................................................18 4.4 3G APPLICATIONS ...............................................................................................................................19 4.5 IP MULTIMEDIA SUBSYSTEM (IMS).......................................................................................................24 4.6 VOIP OVER CELLULAR.........................................................................................................................25 5 OVERVIEW OF 3GPP REL-8 – SAE/EPS AND LTE/EUTRAN .............................................................25 5.1 EVOLVED PACKET SYSTEM (EPS) ARCHITECTURE ...............................................................................25 5.1.1 Functional Nodes...........................................................................................................................27 5.1.2 Support for non-3GPP accesses ...................................................................................................28 5.1.3 Interfaces & Protocols....................................................................................................................28 5.1.4 Interfaces & Protocols for non-3GPP accesses ............................................................................29 5.1.5 System Aspects .............................................................................................................................29 5.1.5.1 QoS and Bearer Concept..................................................................................................29 5.1.5.2 Network Selection .............................................................................................................30 5.1.5.3 Identities............................................................................................................................30 5.1.5.4 Security Aspects ...............................................................................................................30 5.1.5.5 Roaming and Non-Roaming Scenarios ............................................................................32 5.2 EUTRAN AIR-INTERFACE ...................................................................................................................35 www.3gamericas.org December 2007 p. 2 5.2.1 Downlink ........................................................................................................................................36 5.2.1.1 Mapping between Transport and Physical Channels .......................................................36 THE LTE DOWNLINK (DL) COMPRISES THE FOLLOWING PHYSICAL CHANNELS: ........................36 A. PHYSICAL DOWNLINK SHARED CHANNEL (PDSCH) .............................................................36 B. PHYSICAL DOWNLINK CONTROL CHANNEL (PDCCH) ..........................................................36 C. COMMON CONTROL PHYSICAL CHANNELS (CCPCH)...........................................................36 5.2.1.2 LTE Downlink Frame Structure and Numerology .............................................................37 5.2.1.3 LTE Downlink Control Channel Structure .........................................................................39 5.2.1.4 LTE Downlink Synchronization Channel Structure...........................................................40 5.2.1.5 LTE Broadcast Control Channel (BCH) Structure ............................................................41 5.2.1.6 LTE E-MBMS Structure ....................................................................................................41 5.2.1.7 LTE DL Performance with Single Input Multiple Output (SIMO).......................................42 5.2.1.8 LTE E-MBMS Performance ...............................................................................................43 5.2.2 Uplink.............................................................................................................................................44 5.2.2.1 Mapping between Transport and Physical Channel .........................................................45 5.2.2.2 Frame Structure and Numerology.....................................................................................45 5.2.2.3 Shared Channel Structure ................................................................................................46 5.2.2.4 Reference signal ...............................................................................................................46 5.2.2.5 Control Channel Structure ................................................................................................46 5.2.2.6 Random Access................................................................................................................47 5.2.2.7 Power Control ...................................................................................................................48 5.2.2.8 Performance estimates .....................................................................................................48 5.2.2.9 Channel dependent frequency domain scheduling...........................................................49 5.2.3 Radio Access Protocol Architecture .............................................................................................50 5.2.4 Multi-Antenna Solutions................................................................................................................51 5.2.4.2 MIMO Status in 3GPP LTE Standardization.....................................................................54 5.2.4.3 LTE Performance with Multi-Antennas .............................................................................55 Downlink Performance...................................................................................................................55 5.2.5 Interference Mitigation Techniques ..............................................................................................58 5.2.5.1 Interference Randomization..............................................................................................59 5.2.5.2 Interference Cancellation ..................................................................................................59 5.2.5.3 Interference co-ordination / avoidance .............................................................................59 5.3 OTHER REL-8 ENHANCEMENTS............................................................................................................61