Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar Ministry of Education and Vocational Training Zanzibar Education Development Programme (ZEDP) 2008/09 – 2015/16 DRAFT 3 February 6, 2007 Foreword The Zanzibar Education Development Programme (ZEDP) represents the first comprehensive and sector-wide approach to the educational challenges facing Zanzibar. It identifies, establishes and plans for substantial targets for the education system, both in terms of equitable access and quality. The ZEDP is strategic in its approach, seeking to develop immediate, medium term and longer term goals for education which are achievable and sustainable. The process of developing the Programme has been participatory and open with local expertise making a major contribution to the process. We are also grateful for the direct support of development partners in the development of the Programme. For many years education in Zanzibar has been considered a joint enterprise, the responsibility of many parties from the school and community level to the private sector plus key actors at Government level. This collaborative approach will need to be continued and strengthened if the educational goals encapsulated in the ZEDP are to be achieved. The Zanzibar Education Development Programme is also characterized by a practical focus on where learning takes place and how that environment can be strengthened and enriched. The classroom learning environment, the management structures which support and surround it and the planning and development approaches which guide it remain the critical areas which the ZEDP addresses. By focusing on the fundamentals of learning and teaching the Programme draws together all the significant elements necessary for the qualitative changes deemed essential if the learners of Zanzibar are to fulfil their potential over the coming decades. The ZEDP lays out the future direction of education in Zanzibar. To achieve its goals sufficient funding will be necessary as well as the active participation of all educational stakeholders. Established and new development partners and international organizations have a significant role to play and the Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar is actively seeking this kind of cooperation. A sound Programme must be supported by sufficient means to implement its proposals and the publication of the Zanzibar Education Development Programme signals the commitment of the Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar and the communities to the establishing of a high quality and relevant education system for all our citizens. Haroun A. Suleiman Minister of Education and Vocational Training Zanzibar The Vision according to the Education Policy 2006: “A democratic and peaceful society enjoying a high quality of education and livelihood and committed to lifelong learning to effectively respond to development challenges.” And the mission is: “To strive for equitable access, quality education for all and promotion of life long learning.” Table of contents 1 THE NATIONAL CONTEXT ..................................................................................................... 1 1.1 SOCIO-ECONOMIC BACKGROUND ........................................................................................... 1 1.2 OVERALL DEVELOPMENT POLICIES AND STRATEGIES ............................................................. 1 1.3 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT .................................................... 4 1.4 EDUCATION SECTOR POLICIES AND STRATEGIES ................................................................... 8 2 PRESENT SITUATION AND POLICY DIRECTION: EDUCATION SUB-SECTORS .... 12 2.1 PRE-PRIMARY EDUCATION .................................................................................................. 12 2.2 PRIMARY EDUCATION .......................................................................................................... 13 2.3 SECONDARY EDUCATION ..................................................................................................... 15 2.4 TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING ................................................ 17 2.5 TEACHERS AND TEACHER EDUCATION ................................................................................ 19 2.6 HIGHER EDUCATION ............................................................................................................ 23 2.7 NON-FORMAL, ALTERNATIVE AND ADULT EDUCATION ....................................................... 26 3 PRESENT SITUATION AND POLICY DIRECTION: CROSS-CUTTING ISSUES ......... 28 3.1 EDUCATION MANAGEMENT AND DECENTRALISATION ......................................................... 28 3.2 GENDER ............................................................................................................................... 30 3.3 SPECIAL NEEDS AND INCLUSIVE EDUCATION ....................................................................... 33 3.4 SCHOOL HEALTH, NUTRITION AND HIV/AIDS .................................................................... 36 3.5 INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) ................................................. 39 3.6 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ................................................................................................ 42 4 PROGRAMME OVERVIEW ................................................................................................... 44 4.1 PROGRAMME OBJECTIVES .................................................................................................... 44 4.2 OVERALL ZEDP TARGETS .................................................................................................... 45 4.3 STRATEGY ............................................................................................................................ 46 5 COMPONENT 1 - EDUCATION SECTOR MANAGEMENT AND DECENTRALISATION ...................................................................................................................... 48 5.1 OBJECTIVES ......................................................................................................................... 48 5.2 MAPPING SECTOR CAPACITY FOR SERVICE DELIVERY .......................................................... 48 5.3 EDUCATION SECTOR MANAGEMENT ..................................................................................... 49 5.4 REGULATORY AND OVERSIGHT FUNCTION ........................................................................... 51 5.5 DECENTRALISATION ............................................................................................................. 52 6 COMPONENT 2 - TEACHER EDUCATION ......................................................................... 55 6.1 OBJECTIVES ......................................................................................................................... 55 6.2 RATIONALE .......................................................................................................................... 55 6.3 OUTPUTS .............................................................................................................................. 56 6.4 ACTIVITIES ........................................................................................................................... 57 7 COMPONENT 3 – TEACHER RECRUITMENT AND DEPLOYMENT ........................... 59 7.1 OBJECTIVE ........................................................................................................................... 59 7.2 RATIONALE .......................................................................................................................... 59 7.3 OUTPUTS .............................................................................................................................. 60 7.4 ACTIVITIES ........................................................................................................................... 60 8 COMPONENT 4 - PRE-PRIMARY EDUCATION ................................................................ 61 8.1 OBJECTIVE ........................................................................................................................... 61 8.2 RATIONALE .......................................................................................................................... 61 8.3 OUTPUTS .............................................................................................................................. 62 8.4 ACTIVITIES ........................................................................................................................... 62 9 COMPONENT 5 - PRIMARY EDUCATION ......................................................................... 63 9.1 OBJECTIVES ......................................................................................................................... 63 9.2 RATIONALE .......................................................................................................................... 63 9.3 OUTPUTS .............................................................................................................................. 64 9.4 ACTIVITIES ........................................................................................................................... 64 10 COMPONENT 6 - SECONDARY EDUCATION ................................................................... 66 10.1 OBJECTIVES ......................................................................................................................... 66 10.2 RATIONALE .........................................................................................................................