TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT PROMOTING INTEGRATED LAND USE AND TRANSIT PLANNING Presented by: Trevor McIntyre, Director, IBI Group Bankim Kalra, Team Leader- Urban Planning and Design, IBI Group India IBI GROUP INTRODUCTIONIBI GROUP IBI GROUP IBI Group is a multi-disciplinary organization offering services in four areas of practice: URBAN LAND • FACILITIES • TRANSPORTATION • SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY “IBI Group is the fourth largest firm ranked by the number of creative staff and the world’s fifth largest architecture practice.” – BD 2011 World Architecture 100, January 2011 IBI Group 3 Offices & Staff CANADA USA EUROPE ASIA Calgary AB Boston MA Athens GR Dubai Edmonton AB Denver CO Bristol UK Hong Kong Kingston ON Detroit MI Glasgow UK Beijing London ON Irvine CA Jerusalem IS Shanghai Montreal QC Orlando FL London UK New Delhi Ottawa ON Pompano Beach FL Paris FR Bangalore Richmond Hill ON Portland OR Toronto ON Salt Lake City UT Vancouver BC San Diego CA Waterloo ON San Francisco CA 80+ Offices Seattle WA Washington DC Workforce of 3000+ IBI Group 4 INTRODUCTION TO IBI GROUP Areas STUDYof Service ON TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT (TOD) FOR NAYA RAIPUR Comprehensive Planning, Urban Design, Economic Development Planning, Land Development Planning, Environmental Planning, Engineering, Surveying and Mapping, and Geographic Information Urban Land Systems (GIS) Transportation Planning, Public Transit, Traffic Operations, Parking Fare Collection, Intelligent Transportation Systems Transportation Architecture, Landscape Architecture, Parks Planning, Public Facilities Design and Programming, Streetscape Design, Sustainable Development, Green Facilities Buildings, LEED Certification Intelligent Transportation Systems; Smart Buildings; Communications Systems; Systems Revenue Systems IBI Group 5 Metrolinx Mobility Hub Guidelines, Greater Toronto & Hamilton Area Area IBI Group Team in association with Empanelment for Designing of Streets of Pune December, 2012 6 Hansraj Kothary & Associates, Pune TOD PLANNING & URBAN DESIGN vivaNEXT Bus Rapid Transit York Region, ON, Canada URBAN LAND IBI GROUP Study on Naya Raipur TOD, India IBI Group 8 WHAT IS TOD? Transportation + LandTHE Use =QUESTIONSTOD Transit Oriented Development WHAT IS TOD? “Sustainable Urbanism" -- an integrated approach to transportation and land use WHAT ARE THE DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF TOD?planning WHAT TOD PRINCIPLES ARE APPLICABLE IN THE INDIAN CONTEXT? 10 IN PLANNING LANGUAGE… TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT T = Transit frequency and usefulness O = Orienting infrastructure for making pedestrian connections between transit and development D = Development featuring a mix of uses and densities Source: Dena Belzer, Strategic Economics SOME MORE PLANNING LANGUAGE… TOD IS NOT ONLY ABOUT REDENSIFICATION AND REDEVELOPMENT… … IT IS ALSO THE INTEGRATION OF THE VARIOUS COMPONENTS OF SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITY PLANNING INTO A HOLISTIC FRAMEWORK TOD IN THE NORTH AMERICAN CONTEXT Transportation + Land Use + Infrastructure = TOD Transit Oriented Development (TOD) refers to residential and Commercial Centers designed to maximize access by Transit and Non-motorized transportation, and with other features to Encourage Transit Ridership. A typical TOD has a rail or bus station at its center, surrounded by relatively high-density development, with progressively lower-density spreading outwards one-quarter to one-half mile, which represents pedestrian scale distances. Vibrant, compact, mixed use neighbourhoods containing a range of housing types, workplaces, shops, entertainment, schools, parks, and civic facilities essential to the daily lives of residents – all within a 5 to 10 minute walk from a transit station. TOD IN THE INDIAN CONTEXT “Now, I am able to combine and comprehend the meaning of "Bus do kadam", "75 m" and "400-600m“ which collectively signifies that the Bus should be available within do kadam i.e. within a walking distance.” Mr. L.K. Panigrahi, Chief Engineer (Projects) Naya Raipur Development Authority 15 - TOD IN THE INDIAN CONTEXT Density, Design and Diversity Engineering, Education and Enforcement Safe and efficient Integration of all possible transport modes Social and cultural constraints for Vertical Mixed use development Physical Infrastructure Limitations for Higher densities Integrating informal sector Parking Policy /Standards Implementation Challenges and Political Constraints - Naya Raipur Transit Oriented Development Study TOD IN A GREENFIELD CONTEXT DESIGNING A NEW CITY FOR SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY . Comprehensively planned new cities offer an important solution to meet the nation’s urban crisis . Opportunity to create high-quality sustainable “places” . Reconnect people and planning proactively . Upfront infrastructure development . Strong leadership support and political will . Enable design of community driven processes and systems Challenges/ Unknowns . Population composition? . Employment Generators? . Local Real Estate Market capacity? 18 NAYA RAIPUR CONTEXT • Connecting the dots between multiple initiatives • How do we integrate TOD principles within functional and in-progress projects? • Do we need more density or Source: Embarq Naya Raipur TOD Workshop redistribution of densities? • How do we integrate planned transit with proposed land uses? • Is the development code supportive of TOD principles? UNFOLDING THE NAYA RAIPUR STORY MASTER PLAN SALIENT FEATURES . INSPIRED BY CORBUSIER’S CHANDIGARH & OTHER CAPITAL CITIES AROUND THE WORLD . GARDEN CITY DENSITY - 560,000 PEOPLE IN 80 SQ.KMS. DIVERSE EMPLOYMENT BASE PROPOSED . GREEN BELT AS AN URBAN GROWTH BOUNDARY . MEGA BLOCK GRID SYSTEM - 800m X 800m SECTORS . MONUMENTAL SCALE - 100m & 60m WIDE ROADWAYS . AUTOMOBILE ORIENTED POLICIES - 2PPH ASSUMPTION . SEGREGATED LAND USES . EXTENSIVE OPEN SPACE NETWORK 20 UNFOLDING THE NAYA RAIPUR STORY MASTER PLAN PHASE 1 IMPLEMENTATION . PARALLEL PLANNING & CONSTRUCTION EFFORTS INITIATED - URBAN DESIGN STUDY/ CBD STUDY/ BRTS / NMT / TOD STUDY . COMPREHENSIVE CITY WIDE MOBILITY PLAN - MISSING LINK CONSTRAINTS . ENVIRONMENTAL + NATURAL FEATURES CONSTRAINTS . VILLAGE INTEGRATION & DEVELOPMENT POLICIES (120 sqm PER ADULT MEMBER) . NET / GROSS LAND RATIOS NOT EFFICIENT . MARKET ACCEPTANCE & DEVELOPER AWARENESS 21 NAYA RAIPUR TOD VISION The vision for the Naya Raipur TOD Study is to develop a transit supportive framework that supports a series of seamless self-sufficient neighbourhoods in Naya Raipur each with a distinct character- linked with sustainable mobility options. 22 23 24 NAYA RAIPUR TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT STUDY | TASK 3 TOD RECOMMENDATIONS REPORT | APRIL 5, 2013 4.1. TOD Recommendations -Towards a Transit Supportive Naya Raipur Five overarching key ideas summarized below have been developed through the course of this study as the pillars of the TOD Recommendations for the Transit Supportive Naya Raipur. Detailed strategies for each of these key ideas is described in the subsequent seKEYctions of th iIDEASs report. Currently all planning in Naya Raipur in sector based. Each sector is segregated by 60m / 100m Right of Way (ROW). This has led to singular, auto-oriented land use planning typologies thereby signif cantly impacting ridership and the character of neighbourhoods. Station Areas transcend these sector boundaries and transportation infrastructure barriers and are def ned by Demarcation of TOD Inf uence Zone or a 800m / 10 minute walk distance. This is the maximum comfortable distance a pedestrian is willing to walk. This Station Area “Station Area” – Station Area Planning vs is further comprised of multiple zones with their own transportation and land use characteristics and a catchment area for other 1 Sector Based Planning feeder services and modes. Currently a Right-of Way focused planning approach is being utilized for the 100m and 60m auto-oriented corridors. A complete streets approach focuses on the streetescapes between the building facades. As such, the vehicular travel lanes are just one component of the streetscapes amongst, the pedestrian sidewalks, outdoor amenity areas, active edges / building retail facades, informal zones, Non Motorized Transportation (NMT) corridors, IPT, services lanes, parking lanes, green buffers, infrastructure Complete Streets Approach corridors, transitways, medians, landscape, street furniture, all which are integral to create a sense of place or “streetscape- 2 placemaking”. Some transit stations are located in bustling Central Business Districts at the heart of the city; others are in residential neighborhoods where transit provides a convenient means for commuters to travel to and from work and other destinations. Best Practices Approach - Some stations are located in areas that are experiencing rapid growth and change, while others are in more established, built-out Station Area Typologies as neighborhoods where any change will be incremental. Every station area, whether existing or proposed, faces unique challenges Best and will require specially tailored strategies to create high-performing transit-oriented development (TOD) projects. However, many 3 Building Blocks of TOD in Practices different types of station areas share similar characteristics. These similarities can help planners, citizens, and elected off cials Naya Raipur quickly and easily understand key planning considerations and what to expect in terms of the character, role and function of the places that will be created. Places are not def ned solely by their density or the intensity of activity, but also by the types of uses, how streets are arranged,