CLINICAL HANDBOOK OF SCHIZOPHRENIA CLINICAL HANDBOOK OF SCHIZOPHRENIA Edited by KIM T. MUESER DILIP V. JESTE THE GUILFORD PRESS New York London © 2008 The Guilford Press A Division of Guilford Publications, Inc. 72 Spring Street, New York, NY 10012 www.guilford.com All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher. Printed in the United States of America This book is printed on acid-free paper. Last digit is print number: 987654321 The authors have checked with sources believed to be reliable in their efforts to provide information that is complete and generally in accord with the standards of practice that are accepted at the time of publication. However, in view of the possibility of human error or changes in medical sciences, neither the authors, nor the editor and publisher, nor any other party who has been involved in the preparation or publication of this work warrants that the information contained herein is in every respect accurate or complete, and they are not responsible for any errors or omissions or the results obtained from the use of such information. Readers are encouraged to confirm the information contained in this book with other sources. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Clinical handbook of schizophrenia / edited by Kim T. Mueser, Dilip V. Jeste. p. ; cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-59385-652-6 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Schizophrenia—Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Mueser, Kim Tornvall. II. Jeste, Dilip V. III. Title. [DNLM: 1. Schizophrenia. WM 203 C641153 2008] RC514.C564 2008 616.89′8—dc22 2007033713 ABOUT THE EDITORS Kim T. Mueser, PhD, is a licensed clinical psychologist and a Professor in the Depart- ments of Psychiatry and Community and Family Medicine at the Dartmouth Medical School in Hanover, New Hampshire. He was on the faculty of the Psychiatry Department at the Medical College of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia until 1994, when he moved to Dartmouth Medical School and joined the Dartmouth Psychiatric Research Center. Dr. Mueser’s clinical and research interests include psychiatric rehabilitation for persons with severe mental illnesses, intervention for co-occurring psychiatric and substance use disor- ders, and the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder. His research has been supported by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), the National Institute on Drug Abuse, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, and the National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression (NARSAD). He has served on nu- merous editorial boards, has published many journal articles and book chapters, and has coauthored 10 books. In 2007 his book The Complete Family Guide to Schizophrenia (with Susan Gingerich) received the National Alliance on Mental Illness NYC Metro Ken Book Award for outstanding contributions to better understanding of mental illness. Dilip V. Jeste, MD, is the Estelle and Edgar Levi Chair in Aging, Director of the Sam and Rose Stein Institute for Research on Aging, and Distinguished Professor of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego (UCSD) and VA San Diego Healthcare System. He is also the Director of the NIMH-funded Advanced Center for Interventions and Services Research at UCSD focusing on psychosis in late life, and of the John A. Hartford Center of Excellence in Geriatric Psychiatry. Dr. Jeste was a research fellow, and later, Chief of the Units on Movement Disorders and Dementias at NIMH before moving to San Diego. He is the Principal Investigator on several research and training grants; has published 8 books and over 500 articles in peer-reviewed journals and books; and is the Editor-in-Chief of the American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. He is a member of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences, and of the National Advisory Mental Health Council of the National Institutes of Health. Dr. Jeste is a past President of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry (AAGP) and the West Coast College of Biological Psychiatry, and Founding President of the International College of Geriatric Psychoneuropharmacology. His numerous awards include NIMH’s MERIT Award; the Society of Biological Psychiatry’s A. E. Bennett Neuropsychiatric Research Award; AAGP’s Senior Investigator Award; the American Psychiatric Association’s Research Award; Most Distinguished Physician Teacher/Researcher Award from the American Association of Physicians of Indian Origin; Asian Heritage Award for Excellence in Science, Technology, and Research; American College of Psychiatrists’ Geriatric Research Award; and Distin- guished Investigator Award from NARSAD. v CONTRIBUTORS Donald Addington, MD, Department of Psychiatry, Foothills Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Jean Addington, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, and PRIME Clinic, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Britton Ashley Arey, MD, private practice, Costa Mesa, California Christine Barrowclough, PhD, Academic Division of Clinical Psychology, School of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom Stephen J. Bartels, MD, Department of Psychiatry, New Hampshire–Dartmouth Psychiatric Research Center, Dartmouth Medical School, Concord, New Hampshire Paul Bebbington, MD, Department of Mental Health Sciences, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, United Kingdom Deborah R. Becker, MEd, Department of Psychiatry, New Hampshire–Dartmouth Psychiatric Research Center, Dartmouth Medical School, Concord, New Hampshire Alan S. Bellack, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland Jonathan Bindman, MD, PhD, Lambeth Hospital, London, United Kingdom Gary R. Bond, PhD, Department of Psychology, Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana Catherine Briand, PhD, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Tyrone D. Cannon, PhD, Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California William T. Carpenter, Jr., MD, Departments of Psychiatry and Pharmacology and Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland David J. Castle, MD, Mental Health Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia Robin E. Clark, PhD, Center for Health Policy and Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Shrewsbury, Massachusetts vii viii Contributors Carl I. Cohen, MD, Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York Marc Corbière, PhD, Institute of Health Promotion Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Patrick W. Corrigan, PsyD, Institute of Psychology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois John G. Cottone, PhD, Stony Brook Psychotherapy and Wellness, Stony Brook, New York Gary S. Cuddeback, PhD, Department of Social Work, Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina Larry Davidson, PhD, Program on Recovery and Community Health, School of Medicine and Institution for Social and Policy Studies, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut Kenneth L. Davis, MD, Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York Natalie L. DeLuca, PhD, National Center for Organizational Development, VA Healthcare System of Ohio, Cincinnati, Ohio Lisa Dixon, MD, MPH, Division of Health Services Research, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland Christian R. Dolder, PharmD, Wingate University School of Pharmacy, Wingate, North Carolina Jonathan Downar, MD, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Robert E. Drake, MD, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, New Hampshire–Dartmouth Psychiatric Research Center, Dartmouth Medical School, Concord, New Hampshire Lauren M. Ellman, PhD, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, New York Lisa T. Eyler, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California Walid K. H. Fakhoury, PhD, Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, Newham Centre for Mental Health, London, United Kingdom Roger D. Fallot, PhD, Community Connections, Washington, DC Alan Felix, MD, Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York Richard B. Ferrell, MD, Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth–Hitchcock Medical Center, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, New Hampshire Bernard A. Fischer IV, MD, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland Frederick J. Frese III, PhD, Summit County Recovery Project, Akron, Ohio Matthew A. Fuller, PharmD, Pharmacy Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Brecksville, Ohio Susan Gingerich, MSW, private practice, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Stephen J. Glatt, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California Richard J. Goscha, MSW, School of Social Welfare, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas Contributors ix Gillian Haddock, PhD, Academic Division of Clinical Psychology,