WATER SUPPLY AND WASTEWATER SYSTEMS MASTER PLAN FOR THE BEKAA WATER ESTABLISHMENT WASTEWATER CAPITAL INVESTMENT PLAN & PRIORITY ACTION PLAN REPORT May 2015 THIS DOCUMENT IS PREPARED BY DAI/KREDO UNDER THE LEBANON WATER AND WASTEWATER SECTOR SUPPORT PROGRAM (LWWSS) FUNDED BY USAID WATER SUPPLY AND WASTEWATER SYSTEMS MASTER PLAN FOR THE BWE WASTEWATER CAPITAL INVESTMENT PLAN AND PRIORITY ACTION PLAN P-1211 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................................. 4 FIGURE 1-1: EXISTING AND PLANNED WWTPS AND THEIR DESIGN CAPACITY IN THE BEKAA ....................................... 5 1.1 BACKGROUND .......................................................................................................................................................... 4 FIGURE 3-1: 20-YEAR COST COMPARISON BETWEEN STABILIZATION PONDS, TRICKLING FILTERS, AND ACTIVATED 1.2 EXISTING SITUATION ............................................................................................................................................... 5 SLUDGE ............................................................................................................................................................... 23 2. WASTEWATER FLOWS ..................................................................................................................................................... 6 FIGURE 3-2: SEPTIC TANK ...................................................................................................................................................... 24 3. WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVES ............................................................................................................. 20 FIGURE 3-3: PROCESS OF THE STABILIZATION POND SYSTEM ........................................................................................ 25 3.1 STRATEGY .............................................................................................................................................................. 20 FIGURE 3-4: PROCESS OF THE TRICKLING FILTER SYSTEM ............................................................................................. 26 3.2 TREATMENT PROCESSES ..................................................................................................................................... 23 FIGURE 3-5: PROCESS OF THE ACTIVATED SLUDGE SYSTEM .......................................................................................... 27 3.3 BIOSOLIDS TREATMENT ........................................................................................................................................ 27 FIGURE 7-1: CAPITAL INVESTMENT FOR PROPOSED WWTP’S/ CAPITA VS POPULATION ............................................. 67 4. EFFLUENT REUSE .......................................................................................................................................................... 28 FIGURE 7-2: THE DISTRIBUTION OF COSTS FOR WWTPS AND NETWORKS IN THE BEKAA BY YEAR 2035 ................. 68 4.1 REGULATORY CONTEXT ....................................................................................................................................... 28 FIGURE 8-1: COST ESTIMATION OF WWTPS AND THEIR CONNECTING INTERCEPTORS – LEVEL 1 PRIORITY .......... 80 4.2 PREVIOUS STUDIES ............................................................................................................................................... 28 FIGURE 8-2: COST ESTIMATION OF WWTPS AND THEIR CONNECTING INTERCEPTORS – LEVEL 2 PRIORITY ......... 81 4.3 PROPOSED GUIDELINES ....................................................................................................................................... 29 FIGURE 8-3: COST ESTIMATION OF WWTPS AND THEIR CONNECTING INTERCEPTORS – LEVEL 3 PRIORITY .......... 81 4.4 MONITORING AND CONTROL ............................................................................................................................... 31 FIGURE 8-4: ESTIMATED CAPITAL COST WITH PRIORITY LEVELS FOR THE SEWER NETWORKS IN THE BEKAA ...... 81 4.5 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE BEKAA ............................................................................................................... 31 FIGURE 8-5: ESTIMATED CAPITAL COST WITH PRIORITY LEVELS IN THE BEKAA BY YEAR 2035 ................................. 82 5. BIOSOLIDS MANAGEMENT ............................................................................................................................................ 32 FIGURE 8-6: PRIORITY LEVEL OF THE BEKAA WWTPS ....................................................................................................... 82 5.1 PREVIOUS STUDIES ............................................................................................................................................... 32 FIGURE 8-7: POPULATION SERVED BASED ON PRIORITY LEVEL OF THE BEKAA WWTPS ............................................ 82 5.2 PROPOSED GUIDELINES ....................................................................................................................................... 33 FIGURE 8-8: PRIORITY ACTION PLAN FOR THE BEKAA MOHAFAZA .................................................................................. 83 5.3 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE BEKAA ............................................................................................................... 36 6. PROPOSED SCHEME ...................................................................................................................................................... 37 LIST OF PLANS 6.1 CURRENT CONDITION ASSESSMENT .................................................................................................................. 37 6.2 RATIONAL FOR LOCATION OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS .............................................................. 37 PLAN 6-1: WASTEWATER SYSTEMS FOR THE BEKAA ........................................................................................................ 39 6.3 WASTEWATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES SELECTION AND APPLICATION ............................................. 38 PLAN 6-2: WWTPS AND THEIR SERVICE AREAS IN THE BEKAA ........................................................................................ 40 6.4 RATIONAL FOR DETERMINING THE NEED FOR NETWORKS ............................................................................ 38 PLAN 6-3: WASTEWATER SYSTEMS FOR CAZA OF HERMEL ............................................................................................ 44 6.5 SERVICE COVERAGE UNDER CDR AND MASTER PLAN STUDY INVESTMENT PROGRAM ........................... 38 PLAN 6-4: WASTEWATER SYSTEMS FOR CAZA OF BAALBECK ........................................................................................ 51 6.6 HERMEL CAZA ........................................................................................................................................................ 41 PLAN 6-5: WASTEWATER SYSTEMS FOR CAZA OF ZAHLE ................................................................................................ 56 6.7 BAALBECK CAZA .................................................................................................................................................... 45 PLAN 6-6: WASTEWATER SYSTEMS FOR CAZA OF WEST BEKAA .................................................................................... 61 6.8 ZAHLE CAZA ............................................................................................................................................................ 52 PLAN 6-7: WASTEWATER SYSTEMS FOR CAZA OF RACHAIYA ........................................................................................ 65 6.9 WEST BEKAA CAZA ................................................................................................................................................ 57 6.10 RACHAIYA CAZA ..................................................................................................................................................... 62 7. COST ESTIMATE ............................................................................................................................................................. 66 7.1 HERMEL CAZA ........................................................................................................................................................ 69 7.2 BAALBECK CAZA .................................................................................................................................................... 71 7.3 ZAHLE CAZA ............................................................................................................................................................ 74 7.4 WEST BEKAA CAZA ................................................................................................................................................ 76 7.5 RACHAIYA CAZA ..................................................................................................................................................... 78 8. PRIORITY ACTION PLAN AND CONCLUDING REMARKS ........................................................................................... 80 8.1 OVERVIEW OF WASTEWATER MASTER PLAN .................................................................................................... 80 8.2 CHALLENGES