1 INNOVATIVE PARTNERSHIP ON THE WAY TO WATER PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT Tashkent -2010 2 CONTRIBUTORS: Viktor Dukhovny 1 Project Director General Project Direction Shukhrat Mukhamedjanov, 2 Project Leader from SIC ICWC project leading and report writing Herath Manthrithilake, 3 Project Leader from IWMI general project leading Larisa Averina, 4 Expert-hydrotechnician from SIC ICWC collection and processing of the source material, report preparartion Jusipbek Kazbekov, Manager from IWMI, 5 collection and processing of the source Expert-hydrotechnician material, report preparartion Alexandr Platonov, 6 GIS expert preparation of maps for report Islom Ruziyev, 7 Technician processing of the source material, participation in writing of part 5.4 Gulom Umirzakov, 8 Technician collection and processing of the source material for report Rustam Sagdullayev, 9 Technician collection and processing of the source material for report 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABBREVIATION......................................................................................................................... 5 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................ 6 CHAPTER 1. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND STRATEGY OF THE PROJECT EXECUTION, LOCATIONS AND INFORMATION ON CONDITIONS .............................................................................................................................. 8 1.1. Strategy of work execution and organizational structure of project. .....................................................9 1.1.1 Strategy of work execution under the project in the Osh area of Kyrgyzstan. .................................13 1.1.2 Strategy of work performance in the Fergana, Andijan and Namangan provinces of Uzbekistan within the framework of project............................................................................................17 1.1.3 Strategy of work performance within the framework of project in the Sogdiysky province of Tajikistan ................................................................................................................................................22 1.2 Location of project sites on the base of their natural-climatic, ameliorative and water economic conditions...................................................................................................................................26 1.2.1 Characteristics of soil-ameliorative and water economic conditions of project sites in the Osh province of Kyrgyzstan..............................................................................................................26 1.2.2 Characteristics of soil-ameliorative and water economic conditions of project sites in the Sogd province of Tajikistan ..............................................................................................................28 1.2.3 Characteristics of the soil-ameliorative conditions of project sites in the Fergana, Andijan and Namangan provinces of Uzbekistan. .....................................................................................29 CHAPTER 2. ASSESSMENT OF FARMERS’ NEEDS AND REQUIREMENTS AND ANALYSIS ON CONFORMITY PROPOSED TECHNOLOGIES ........................... 33 2.1 - 2.2 Analysis of needs and the requirements by farmers defined at present within the framework of «Water productivity improvement at plot-level» project ...............................................33 2.3 - 2.4 Selection of technologies met to the requirements of farmers and prepared for circulation and also require the adaptive research. ..............................................................................34 CHAPTER 3. TRAINING, DISSEMINATION AND ADVISORY ACTIVITIES...................................... 42 3.1 General strategy of carrying out the consultations, approaches on the organization of advisory service and vision of farmer schools........................................................................................42 3.2. Strategy of carrying out the training within the framework of WPI- PL project....................................46 3.2.1 Strategy and methods of carrying out the trainings for trainees and farmers within the framework of WPI- PL project in Kyrgyzstan, results and their estimation ..........................................46 3.2.2 Strategy of carrying out the trainings for trainees and farmers within the project framework in Tajikistan, results and their estimation. ................................................................................49 3.2.3 Strategy of carrying out the trainings for trainees and farmers within the framework of WPI- PL project in Uzbekistan and results and their estimation ............................................................51 3.3 Development of approaches to carry out the monitoring of farms for revealing of needs and requirements and conducting the advisory work in farms ..........................................................................53 4 CHAPTER 4. EVALUATION OF FARMERS’ SATISFACTION WITH THE PROVIDED CONSULTATION AND ADOPTION OF TECHNOLOGIES............................................. 58 CHAPTER 5. EVALUATION OF THE PROJECT RESULTS WITH REGARD TO EFFICIENT USE OF IRRIGATION WATER AND ITS PRODUCTIVITY IN THE DEMONSTRATION FIELDS AND IN THE FARMERS’ FIELDS..................... 63 5.1 Evaluation of the use of irrigation water in the project demonstration fields ....................................... 65 5.2 Evaluation of productivity of irrigation water in the project demonstration fields................................. 75 5.3 Evaluation of the efficiency of the use of irrigation water and its productivity with regard to private farms .......................................................................................................................................... 80 5.4 Agro-economic indicators of the project demonstration sites.............................................................. 86 5.4.1 Assessment of costs of agricultural production by its individual components.................................. 89 CONCLUSIONS ........................................................................................................................ 95 APPENDIXES ............................................................................................................................ 97 5 ABBREVIATION ADB Asian Development Bank BISA Basin Irrigation System Authority (in Uzbekistan) BWMD Basin Water Management Department (in Osh) CA Central Asia CECI Centre Canadien d’Etude et de Coopération Internationale DF Dehkan Farm ER Expected Results FFS Farmer Field School IAC Irrigation and Agrarian Consulting (in Tajikistan) IC Information Center ICWC Interstate Commission for Water Coordination IWMI International Water Management Institute IWRM Integrated Water Resources Management IWRM-Fergana Integrated Water Resources Management Project in Fergana Valley KRII Kyrgyz Research Institute for Irrigation MAWR&PIRK Ministry of Agriculture, Water Resources and Processing Industry of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan MAWRRU Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources of the Republic of Uzbekistan ММ&WRRТ Ministry of Melioration and Water Resources of the Republic of Tajikistan MTC Machinery and Tractor Center NCSG National Coordination and Support Group NM National Manager PDMWR Provincial Department of Melioration and Water Resources (in Sugd) PO Public Organization ProDoc Project Document PSC Project Steering Committee RAS Rural Advisory Service SANIIRI Central Asian Research Institute for Irrigation SDC Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation SIC Scientific Information Center TAIC/ZOKI Training, Advisory and Innovations Center TOT Training of Trainers WP Water Productivity WPI-PL Water Productivity Improvement at Plot-Level Project WUA SRU WUA Support and Regulation Division WUA Water Users Association WUG Water Users Group YPO Yearly Plan of Operations 6 INTRODUCTION A set of organizational-economic, agro technical and irrigating measures directed to get a big yield of crops makes the system of conducting an agricultural production. A regular irrigation takes the predominating place in the agricultural production of an arid zone. The polls show that the majority of farmers who have come to agriculture from the other spheres of activity, have no sufficient knowledge in the irrigated agriculture, norms and terms of irrigation, they select the scheme of irrigation incorrectly, disregarding the features and conditions of specific fields as well as they conduct the irrigating systems’ operation improperly. All of these taken together leads to the unprofitable conducting an agricultural production and unproductive water use. So, for example, when the parameters of irrigation technique and technology are selected in the wrong way when the land with big slopes is irrigated– the raised dump of water with evacuation of nutritious elements is observed, the irrigated furrows are washed away, the non-qualitative irrigation occurs that lead to the crop’s loss and deterioration of the agricultural production conditions. Or another example of irrigation is the irrigation which is made by using the big norms, especially in the conditions of close ground water occurrence, such irrigation leads to the inadmissible ground water rise that is resulted in the water logging and salinity of irrigation areas. Further the use of such land becomes low-profitable, or the land falls out of rotation. Proceeding from the water saving conditions the “Water Productivity