THE REPUBLIC OF MAURITIUS MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, SUSTANAIBLE DEVELOPMENT, DISASTER AND BEACH MANAGEMENT (MOESDDBM) THE PROJECT FOR CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT ON COASTAL PROTECTION AND REHABILITATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF MAURITIUS FINAL REPORT MAIN REPORT (Volume 1) June 2015 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY KOKUSAI KOGYO CO., LTD. NIPPON KOEI CO., LTD. GE CENTRAL CONSULTANT INC. JR FUTABA INC. 15-110 THE REPUBLIC OF MAURITIUS MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, SUSTANAIBLE DEVELOPMENT, DISASTER AND BEACH MANAGEMENT (MOESDDBM) THE PROJECT FOR CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT ON COASTAL PROTECTION AND REHABILITATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF MAURITIUS FINAL REPORT MAIN REPORT (Volume 1) June 2015 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY KOKUSAI KOGYO CO., LTD. NIPPON KOEI CO., LTD. CENTRAL CONSULTANT INC. FUTABA INC. 㻸㼛㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㻿㼠㼡㼐㼥㻌㻭㼞㼑㼍 㻸㼛㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㻿㼠㼡㼐㼥㻌㻭㼞㼑㼍 20°0'0"E 30°0'0"E 40°0'0"E 50°0'0"E 60°0'0"E 70°0'0"E 80°0'0"E 20°0'0"N 20°0'0"N 10°0'0"N 10°0'0"N 0°0'0" 0°0'0" Republic of Mauritius 10°0'0"S 10°0'0"S 20°0'0"S 20°0'0"S 0500 1,000 2,000 km 20°0'0"E 30°0'0"E 40°0'0"E 50°0'0"E 60°0'0"E 70°0'0"E 80°0'0"E 㻰㼑㼠㼍㼕㼘㻌㻹㼍㼜㻌 㻰㼑㼠㼍㼕㼘㻌㻹㼍㼜㻌 57°30'0"E 20°0'0"S 20°0'0"S Rivie du Rempart Pamplemousses Port Louis Flacq Moka Plaines Wilhems Black River Grand Port Savanne 20°30'0"S Roads 20°30'0"S 0105 National border km Administrative border 57°30'0"E Location Map Rate of Currency Translation 1 USD = 35.230 Rs = 124.11 JPY 100 Rs = 2.760 USD = 342.56 JPY Rs: Mauritius Rupee As of June 1st, 2015 Table of Contents 㻌 Summary Page 1 Introduction .................................................................................. 1-1 1.1 General ..................................................................................................... 1-1 1.2 Background of the Project ......................................................................... 1-1 1.3 Objectives of the Project ........................................................................... 1-2 1.3.1 Goal ................................................................................................................. 1-2 1.3.2 Project Purpose ............................................................................................... 1-2 1.3.3 Outcomes of the Project .................................................................................. 1-3 1.4 Study Components and Methods .............................................................. 1-4 1.4.1 Project Areas ................................................................................................... 1-4 1.4.2 List of JICA Expert Team and Counterparts ................................................... 1-5 1.5 Major Activities and Schedule ................................................................... 1-6 1.5.1 Major Activities .............................................................................................. 1-6 1.5.2 Work Schedule ................................................................................................ 1-7 2 Basic Study ................................................................................... 2-1 2.1 Summary ................................................................................................... 2-1 2.2 Natural Conditions ..................................................................................... 2-3 2.2.1 Geographic and Geological Conditions .......................................................... 2-3 2.2.2 Beach Geography ............................................................................................ 2-4 2.2.3 Characteristics of Meteorology ..................................................................... 2-11 2.2.4 Characteristics of Oceanography .................................................................. 2-18 2.3 Socio-Economic Conditions, National Policy, Legal Framework, Organization ............................................................................................ 2-35 2.3.1 Socio-Economic and Financial Conditions ................................................... 2-35 2.3.2 National Policy, Legal Framework, Organization ........................................ 2-40 2.4 Past Coastal Disasters and Countermeasures ....................................... 2-46 2.4.1 Coastal Disasters ........................................................................................... 2-46 2.4.2 History of Coastal Structures ........................................................................ 2-47 2.4.3 Previous Mitigation ....................................................................................... 2-48 2.4.4 Issues of Coastal Protection Facilities in Mauritius ...................................... 2-51 2.5 Coastal Characteristic and Modification Analysis ................................... 2-52 2.5.1 Long term modification of Coastline ............................................................ 2-52 2.5.2 Coastal Sediment Budget .............................................................................. 2-60 2.6 Coastal Environment ............................................................................... 2-66 2.6.1 Water Quality Environment .......................................................................... 2-66 2.6.2 Coral Environment ........................................................................................ 2-72 2.7 Public Awareness of Coastal Conservation ............................................ 2-90 2.7.1 Overview of the questionnaire ...................................................................... 2-90 2.8 Coastal Environment Database .............................................................. 2-93 2.8.1 Existing Database .......................................................................................... 2-93 2.8.2 Making a database of data obtained from basic survey ................................ 2-93 2.8.3 Utilization of Database ................................................................................. 2-97 i 3 Policy of Coastal Conservation Plan .......................................... 3-1 3.1 Problems of Coastal Conservation ............................................................ 3-1 3.1.1 Coastal Management Issues ............................................................................ 3-1 3.1.2 Coastal Protection Issues ................................................................................ 3-2 3.1.3 Coral Reef Conservation Issues ...................................................................... 3-3 3.1.4 Capacity Building Issues ................................................................................. 3-4 3.2 Risk in Coastal Zone ................................................................................. 3-4 3.2.1 Risk by Coastal Erosion .................................................................................. 3-5 3.2.2 Risk by Wave Overtopping and Storm Surge ................................................. 3-5 3.2.3 Identification of Risk Area .............................................................................. 3-6 3.3 Coastal Conservation Strategy ................................................................. 3-7 3.4 Basic Policy for Coastal Protection Measures .......................................... 3-8 4 Coastal Conservation Plan for Priority Coast ............................ 4-1 4.1 Selection of Priority Coast ......................................................................... 4-1 4.1.1 General ............................................................................................................ 4-1 4.1.2 Selection of Basic Study Coast ....................................................................... 4-2 4.1.3 Selection of Priority Coasts............................................................................. 4-3 4.2 Summary of Characteristics and Coastal Protection Measures for Priority Coasts ....................................................................................................... 4-7 4.3 Planning Process with Stakeholders ......................................................... 4-9 4.4 Coastal Conservation Plan for Priority Coasts ........................................ 4-11 4.4.1 Baie du Tombeau .......................................................................................... 4-12 4.4.2 Pte. aux Cannoniers ...................................................................................... 4-12 4.4.3 Mon Choisy ................................................................................................... 4-12 4.4.4 Bras d’Eau ..................................................................................................... 4-13 4.4.5 Q. Cocos Veg and T. d’Eau Douce ............................................................... 4-13 4.4.6 Ile aux Cerfs .................................................................................................. 4-13 4.4.7 Pte. d’Esny .................................................................................................... 4-14 4.4.8 Bel Ombre ..................................................................................................... 4-14 4.4.9 Le Morne ....................................................................................................... 4-14 4.4.10 Flic en Flac .................................................................................................... 4-15 4.4.11 Albion (beach) .............................................................................................. 4-15 4.4.12 Pte. aux Sables .............................................................................................