Creativity and Innovation in Business and Beyond Routledge Studies in Innovation, Organization and Technology 1. Innovation in the U.S. Service 9. Mobility and Technology in the Sector Workplace Michael P. Gallaher, Albert N. Link and Edited by Donald Hislop Jeffrey E. Petrusa 10. Energizing Management Through 2. Information and Communications Innovation and Entrepreneurship Technologies in Society European Research and Practice E-Living in a Digital Europe Edited by Milé Terziovski Edited by Ben Anderson, Malcolm Brynin and Yoel Raban 11. Innovating for Sustainability Green Entrepreneurship in Personal 3. The Innovative Bureaucracy Mobility Bureaucracy in an Age of Fluidity Luca Berchicci Alexander Styhre 12. Organizational Capital 4. Innovations and Institutions Modelling, Measuring and An Institutional Perspective on the Contextualising Innovative Efforts of Banks and Edited by Ahmed Bounfour Insurance Companies Patrick Vermeulen and Jorg Raab 13. User-Innovation Barriers to Democratization and IP 5. Knowledge and Innovation in Licensing Business and Industry Victor R. G. Braun and Cornelius The Importance of Using Others Herstatt Edited by Håkan Håkansson & Alexandra Waluszewski 14. Working on Innovation Edited by Christophe Midler, Guy 6. Knowledge and Innovation Minguet and Monique Vervaeke A Comparative Study of the USA, the UK and Japan 15. Organization in Open Source Helen Brown Communities At the Crossroads of the Gift and 7. Industrial Innovation in Japan Market Economies Edited by Takuji Hara, Norio Evangelia Berdou Kambayashi and Noboru Matsushima 16. Theory and Practice of Triple 8. Managing and Marketing Radical Helix Model in Developing Countries Innovations Issues and Challenges Marketing New Technology Edited by Mohammed Saad and Girma Birgitta Sandberg Zawdie 17. Global Innovation in Emerging Economies Prasada Reddy 18. Creativity and Innovation in Business and Beyond Social Science Perspectives and Policy Implications Edited by Leon Mann and Janet Chan Creativity and Innovation in Business and Beyond Social Science Perspectives and Policy Implications Edited by Leon Mann and Janet Chan New York London First published 2011 by Routledge 270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016 Simultaneously published in the UK by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2011. To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk. © 2011 Taylor & Francis The right of Leon Mann and Janet Chan to be identified as the authors of the editorial material, and of the authors for their individual chapters, has been asserted by them in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereaf- ter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. 4 Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trade- marks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Creativity and innovation in business and beyond : social science perspectives and policy implications / edited by Leon Mann and Janet Chan.—1st ed. p. cm.—(Routledge studies in innovation, organization and technology ; 18) Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Business enterprises—Technological innovations. 2. Technological innovations— Management. I. Mann, Leon. II. Chan, Janet B. L. HD45.C6884 2011 338'.064—dc22 2010028965 ISBN 0-203-83306-6 Master e-book ISBN ISBN13: 978-0-415-88010-7 (hbk) ISBN13: 978-0-203-83306-3 (ebk) For Michelle and Lisa and for Karen and Kenneth May their lives be creative and fulfi lling Contents List of Tables xi List of Figures xiii Acknowledgments xv Preface xvii 1 Introduction: Creativity and Innovation 1 JANET CHAN AND LEON MANN 2 National Innovation Systems and Creativity 15 JONATHAN WEST 3 Innovation and Creativity in Industry and the Service Sectors 32 JANE MARCEAU 4 Space, Place and Innovation 50 JANE MARCEAU 5 Historical Approaches to Creativity and Innovation 64 SIMON VILLE 6 Economic Approaches to Understanding and Promoting Innovation 82 JOSHUA GANS 7 Creativity and Innovation: A Legal Perspective 103 ANDREW CHRISTIE 8 Promoting Creativity and Innovation through Law 117 BRIAN FITZGERALD x Contents 9 Towards a Sociology of Creativity 135 JANET CHAN 10 Social Psychology of Creativity and Innovation 154 LEON MANN 11 Creativity and Innovation Management: Play’s the Thing 170 MARK DODGSON 12 Inducing and Disciplining Creativity in Organisations under Escalating Complexity 189 JONATHAN WEST 13 Creativity and Innovation: An Educational Perspective 203 ERICA MCWILLIAM 14 The Psychology of Creativity and Its Educational Consequences 223 JOHN SWELLER AND LEON MANN 15 Creativity Meets Innovation: Examining Relationships and Pathways 239 LEON MANN 16 Creativity and Innovation: Principles and Policy Implications 254 LEON MANN List of Contributors 271 Index 277 Tables 2.1 Three National Innovation Systems 21 2.2 Value Added by Function (%) 26 2.3 Semiconductor Industry R&D Organisational Practice: United States and Japan 27 7.1 Creativity and Innovation in IP Law 113 11.1 Ranking of Journals with “Creativity and Innovation” in Abstract 175 13.1 First- and Second-Generation Creativity Concepts Held by Academic Teachers 214 Figures 3.1 Eight components of an innovation system. 35 3.2 Model of equal information fl ows between four key players in an industry sector. 40 11.1 Results from Leximancer analysis. 175 Acknowledgments This research was partly funded by an Australian Research Council Link- age Academy Special Project Grant through the Academy of Social Sci- ences in Australia (ASSA). We would like to thank John Robertson, the former ASSA research director, for his contributions to the early stages of the project. The project also benefi ted enormously from the ideas and discussion during the ASSA symposium “Fostering Creativity and Innova- tion” that we organised in Canberra in November 2008. The symposium pointed us to other disciplines with a stake and an interest in creativity and innovation, highlighted the relevance of these ideas for higher education and other policies and reminded us that social science should be concerned with sometimes negative disruptive impacts of innovations. We would also like to thank Laura Stearns, the commissioning editor of Routledge, for recognising the signifi cance and distinctiveness of our col- lection. The production of this book benefi ted from the valuable assistance of Stacy Noto and Roanna Gonsalves. Their work is greatly appreciated. Preface The title of this book, Creativity and Innovation in Business and Beyond, indicates the scope of this volume: creativity and innovation can be found in every area of human enterprise—in art and design, music and literature, science and technology, research and development. They can benefi t every aspect of human organisation: from medicine and health, to education and training, security and safety, housing and transport, information and communication, commerce and trade, recreation and entertainment. The capacity for creativity and innovation has enabled us to evolve, adapt and survive as humans. It has underpinned our march toward civilisation, from harnessing fi re, to shaping the fi rst tools, to inventing the wheel, to orga- nising for hunting, to constructing canoes and rafts, to making glass, to farming and harvesting. It has also underpinned modes of expression and communication from the very beginnings in rock carving and cave paint- ing, to making and decorating vessels, to ceremony and dance, to writing and record keeping, to the printing press and beyond. Yet the drivers of cre- ativity and innovation are not well understood and historically have been researched as separate topics. This book is a fi rst attempt to examine the relationship between the two processes. The subtitle Social Science Perspectives and Policy Implications refl ects the distinctiveness of this volume in bringing together the insights of a group of internationally renowned social scientists from a diverse range of disciplines. Disciplines such as psychology, sociol- ogy, education, cultural anthropology and social history have had a long history of studying creativity as a human process and achieve- ment, while disciplines such as economics, including the sub-disciplines of economic geography and economic history, law and management, have made signifi cant contributions to the understanding of innovation in organisational and technological advancement. Together these dis- ciplines provide a range of perspectives on the meanings, sources and drivers of creativity and innovation. They invite readers to think about the connection between creativity and innovation, and suggest how gov- ernments and organisations can provide the most favourable environ- ment to engender a culture of creativity and innovation. xviii Preface Research and writing are themselves creative endeavours. We are delighted to have been part of a challenging research and writing project with an outstanding team of scholars to bring together some key ideas and questions