“A” is for Archaeology Underwater Archaeological Investigations from the 2016 and 2017 Field Seasons State Archaeology and Maritime Preservation Technical Report Series #18-001 Tamara L. Thomsen, Caitlin N. Zant and Victoria L. Kiefer Assisted by grant funding from the University of Wisconsin Sea Grant Institute and Wisconsin Coastal Management Program this report was prepared by the Wisconsin Historical Society’s Maritime Preservation and Archaeology Program. The statements, findings, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the University of Wisconsin Sea Grant Institute, the National Sea Grant College Program, the Wisconsin Coastal Management Program, or the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Association. Note: At the time of publication the J.M. Allmendinger, and Antelope sites are pending listing on the State and National Registers of Historic Places. Nomination packets for these shipwreck sites have been prepared and submitted to the Wisconsin State Historic Preservation Office. The Arctic site is listed on the State Register of Historic Places pending listing on the National Register of Historic Places. The Atlanta site has been listed on the State and National Register of Historic Places. Cover photo: A diver surveying the boiler of the steambarge J.M. Allmendinger, Ozaukee County, Wisconsin. Copyright © 2018 by Wisconsin Historical Society All rights reserved TABLE OF CONTENTS ILLUSTRATIONS AND IMAGES ........................................................................................................... iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................................................ v 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................... 1 Research Design and Methodology ..................................................................................................... 4 2. GOODRICH STEAMBOAT LINE ........................................................................................................ 6 3. PASSENGER STEAMER ATLANTA ................................................................................................... 19 Atlanta Site Description ........................................................................................................................ 31 4. TUG ARCTIC ........................................................................................................................................ 40 Arctic Site Description .......................................................................................................................... 52 5. STEAMBARGE J.M AMENDINGER .................................................................................................. 62 J.M. Allmendinger Site Description ...................................................................................................... 69 6. SCHOONER BARGE ANTELOPE ...................................................................................................... 74 Antelope Site Description ...................................................................................................................... 93 7.CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................................... 103 Atlanta ................................................................................................................................................. 103 Arctic ................................................................................................................................................... 104 J.M. Allmendinger ............................................................................................................................... 105 Antelope ............................................................................................................................................... 106 8.REFERENCES ..................................................................................................................................... 108 ii ILLUSTRATIONS AND IMAGES Figure Page Figure 1. Captain Albert Edgar Goodrich (Elliott 1995:4) ....................................................................... 6 Figure 2. Goodrich sidewheel steamer Comet (C. Patrick Labadie Collection) ....................................... 7 Figure 3. Goodrich vessels in winter quarters in the Manitowoc River ca. 1868 (Wisconsin Maritime Museum)……………………………………………………………….……………...8 Figure 4. The steamer Wisconsin (Wisconsin Maritime Museum) ......................................................... 10 Figure 5. Albert Whaling Goodrich (Elliott 1995) .................................................................................. 11 Figure 6. Goodrich passenger steamer Virginia and tug Arctic at the Goodrich Company dock in Manitowoc ca. 1893 (Wisconsin Maritime Museum). ................................................................ 12 Figure 7. Postcard of the whaleback steamer Christopher Columbus (Wisconsin Maritime Museum) . 12 Figure 8. Routes for the Goodrich Transportation Company vessels in 1900 (Hilton 2002) ................. 13 Figure 9. Steamer Virginia reconstructed and renamed U.S.S. Blue Ridge by the United States Navy (Wisconsin Maritime Museum) ................................................................................................... 15 Figure 10. An advertisement for the Goodrich Transit Company fleet (C. Patrick Labadie Collection) 16 Figure 11. Cars advertising for the Goodrich vessels Christopher Columbus and Theodore Roosevelt (Wisconsin Maritime Museum) ................................................................................................... 17 Figure 12. Historic image of passenger steamer Atlanta (C. Patrick Labadie Collection). .................... 19 Figure 13. Vessles Simon J. Murphy, Atlanta, Arctic and Virginia in Manitowoc Harbor ca. 1895 (Wisconsin Maritime Museum) ................................................................................................... 23 Figure 14. Passengers of the steamship Atlanta 1902 (Wisconsin Maritime Museum) .......................... 27 Figure 15. Fishing tug Tessler (C. Patrick Labadie Collection) .............................................................. 30 Figure 16. Location of Atlanta site .......................................................................................................... 32 Figure 17. East Carolina University students document the Atlanta site. ............................................... 33 Figure 18. Atlanta’s stern looking forward ............................................................................................. 35 Figure 19. Atlanta’s propeller shaft in stern ............................................................................................ 35 Figure 20. Remnants of cross-bracing on the starboard side .................................................................. 36 Figure 21. Machine debris found in the interior of the site ..................................................................... 38 Figure 22. Engine hatch etched with ‘Globe Ironworks’ ........................................................................ 38 Figure 23. Site plan of the Atlanta wreck site ......................................................................................... 39 Figure 24. The Goodrich tug Arctic maneuvering the Goodrich steamer Virginia ca. 1898 (Wisconsin Maritime Museum) ...................................................................................................................... 40 Figure 25. Tug Arctic towing a three-masted schooner ca. 1890 (Wisconsin Maritime Museum) ........ 44 Figure 26. The port side of the Arctic (Wisconsin Maritime Museum) .................................................. 46 Figure 27. Tugs Arctic and Sheboygan tow the freighter Globe up the Manitowoc River (Wisconsin Maritime Museum) ...................................................................................................................... 49 Figure 28. The tug Arctic assisting the Goodrich steamer Georgia ca. 1920 (Wisconsin Maritime Museum) ...................................................................................................................................... 51 Figure 29. Location of the Arctic site ...................................................................................................... 53 Figure 30. Inrterior of hull in bow section, starboard side looking forward ........................................... 55 iii Figure 31. Wooden hogging trusses on the port side of the hull section ................................................ 55 Figure 32. Profile view of the Arctic’s boiler .......................................................................................... 57 Figure 33. Diver near Arctic’s rudder ..................................................................................................... 59 Figure 34. Site plan of the bow section of the Arctic wreck site ............................................................. 60 Figure 35. Site plan of the bilge section of the Arctic wreck site ............................................................ 61 Figure 36. Steambarge J.M. Allmendinger at dock (Bowling Green State University) .......................... 62 Figure 37. Location of the J.M. Allmendinger shipwreck site ...............................................................