Index Absolutio ab instantia 34, 147, 203 Arbitration 24, 205–206 Academia Carolo-Gustaviana 137, 237 Arbusow, Leonid 17, 42, 47, 50n2 Access to justice 4, 125 Archaic law 4 Accusatorial procedure 5, 12, 19, 31, 121, 142, Archbishopric of Lund 64 151–152, 168, 173–189, 193, 205–206, 215, Archbishopric of Riga 21, 24, 51 217–219, 226, 236, 260–261 Arnell, Sture 17 Early modern Europe 173–177 Article procedure 5, 35, 163–168, 236 High Court of Dorpat 217–219 Artikelprozess see Article procedure Livonian lower courts 177–181 Audiencias 90 Public prosecutor 181–188 Auséen, Samuel 237 Advocates 35, 37, 40, 118, 123, 132, 137, 139, Axel Oxenstierna’s Judicial Order 116 140–144, 150, 155, 157–158, 160, 162–163, 166, 168, 178–179, 198–199, 201n3, Bailiff’s Court 28, 126, 150, 259 203–204, 211, 215, 227, 231, 233, 237, 239, Baltic Provinces 14–15, 17, 108, 182, 246 240–244, 249, 254–255, 260–261 Bartolus 240 Livonian lower courts 140–144 Báthory, Stephen, King of Poland 27, 29, 60 Ordinance on Advocates 218 Bauergerichte see Manorial Courts Advocate-Fiscal 132 Bauerrechte see Peasant Law Albert of Buxhoevden, Bishop of Riga 23, 44 Baugericht see Court for Buildings and Lots Alexander iii, Pope 172–173 Beneficium revisionis see Revision Procedure Alfonso x, King of Castile 64 Beisitter see By-sitters Ältestes Livländisches Ritterrecht see the Old- Berman, Harold 44n4, 46 est Knightly Law Birger Jarl (Earl of Sweden) 67 Amend-Traut, Anja 170 Bishopric of Dorpat 1, 21, 24–25 Amicable settlements 33, 34, 36, 41, 205– Bishopric of Oesel 21, 23–25 206, 208–210, 212–214, 233–234, 247 Bishopric of Riga 23, 25, 42 Livonian courts 208–210, 212–214 Bishopric of Wenden 105 Justice revision 233–234 Blaese, Hermann 16, 42, 43n5 Amtsgericht see Court of Handwork and Blekinge 93 Guilds Bock, Woldermar von 58, 182–184 Anklageprozess see Accusatorial Procedure Borgrätt 71, 127n2 Ansgar, Archbishop of Hamburg-Bremen 64 Brandenburg-Prussia 85 Appeals 13, 27, 29, 32, 35, 40, 54–55, 63, Brandis, Moritz 95, 96, 99 73–74, 88–89, 96–98, 105, 107, 109, 116, Bremen-Verden 96, 98–99 121, 126–129, 131, 133, 150, 159n2, 169–170, Bruiningk, Hermann von 12, 13, 41- 43, 127, 216–218, 221, 224, 226–227, 230 217, 219, 220 Appeals privileges 54–55, 76, 96, 96n3 Buddenbrock, Gustav Johann von 182, 183 Castle courts 127–129 Burbank, Jane 8, 86n7 Council of the Realm Bürgerliche Strafe 151 and the Justice Revision 227–235 Burspraken 45 German Reich 96–98 By-sitters 29, 30, 48–49, 114, 119–120, 122, 123 High Court of Dorpat 221–227 Livonian appeals to imperial Calumny oath 155–156 courts 54–55 Canon law 7, 51–52, 64, 67, 76–77, 83, Spanish America 88–89 89, 172, 173n2, 176, 183, 242, 250–251, Swedish patrimonial courts 71–75 257–258 Heikki Pihlajamäki - 9789004331532 Downloaded from Brill.com09/27/2021 10:10:09PM via free access <UN> 292 Index Carpzov, Benedict 10, 151, 197n2 Council of Dorpat 11, 30, 32, 35, 37, 40, 50, Castle courts 27, 30, 33, 39, 71, 127–129, 131, 135, 141, 248 137, 238n3, 241 Council of Pernau 11, 168 Catholic Church 22, 39, 64–65, 76, 78, 81, 83 Court bailiff 30, 32–33, 220 Cautio Radziviliana 25, 59 Courts and the government 128, 148 Ceumern, Caspar 132, 137, 147, 157, 159, 203 Court for Buildings and Lots 28, 126 Charles iv, Holy Roman Emperor 52, 54 Court for Ecclesiastical Law 28, 126 Charles v, Holy Roman Emperor 58 Court for Tutelage Matters 28, 126, 131 Charles ix, King of Sweden 48, 56, 61, 68, 71, Court of Handwork and Guilds 28, 126 130n2, 221 Court of Luxury 28, 126 Charles xi, King of Sweden 134, 196, 223, Coutumes de Beauvaisis 64 253n2 Criminal cases 12, 28, 31, 33, 35–36, 39, 49, Charles xii, King of Sweden 95, 223 73, 96, 103, 110–111, 114, 116, 125–126, 142, Chinese law 256 143, 145, 150–153, 160, 168, 177–179, 184, Chodkiewicz, Jan 61 188, 193, 209, 211–212, 215, 217–218, 224, Christianisation 21, 64 225–226, 228, 234, 241, 243, 247, 259–261 Christina, Queen of Sweden 46, 95, 96, 98, Criminal procedure 5, 6, 19, 30–35, 151–152, 109, 129n2, 131, 228, 246n2, 253n2 164, 172–205, 221, 236, 241, 259–261 Church Law of 1686 81–82 Accusatorial procedure 177–181 Circumstantial evidence 32, 151, 192–194 Accusatorial procedure with 181–188 Citation 35, 36, 40, 154–155, 158, 212, 219, 231, prosecutor 240, 245 European 172–178 Civil procedure 5, 19, 35, 39, 153–172, 236, Evidence 192–201 259–261 Execution of punishments 201–205 Procedural claims 157–160 Inquisitorial procure 188–191 Evidence 160–162 Polish period in Dorpat 30–35 Final decision 168–169 Crusades 21–23 Slowness of 169–172 Crusius, Philipp 95–96, 99 Clarus, Julius 241 Customary laws 8, 15, 39, 43–44, 51, 57, 62, Cohen, Esther 175, 177 64–66, 74, 86, 90, 115, 117n1, 122, 239, Colonisation 8–9, 43n5, 87, 90 247, 251, 254–255, 257–258, 262 Comital District Court 109 Commercial court 28 Dabelow, C.C. 14–15 Commissorial court 103–106, 148, 149, 150, Dale’s Code 90 227 Death punishment 35n1, 41, 47, 67, 74, 152, Comparative legal history 7 178, 194, 205, 207, 222, 224–225 Composite state 8–9, 85–88, 149, 257 Decretales of Pope Gregor ix (Liber Extra, Compurgators 33 1234) 51–52, 205 Confession 31–32, 34, 35n1, 40, 120–121, 167, Delay of justice 54, 133, 170 174, 180–181, 186, 191n4, 193, 192–196, Denegatio iustitiae 133 198–200, 202–203, 212, 221, 226 Denmark 23–24, 52, 64–65, 68, 71–72, 88, 93, Confession of Augsburg 25 94–95, 233, 257 Confucian philosophy 256 Denunciatory 173n2, 174–175, 180, 189, 191 Constitutio Bambergensis 174, 213 Derecho común 50, 238 Constitutio Criminalis Carolina 58, 95, 174, Derecho indiano 6, 86, 88–90 176, 213 Derfelt, Johan 104 Constitutiones Livoniae 25, 26n4, 60, 258 Dewar, Helen 91 Constitutions of Melfi 65 Diet of Walk 24 Corpus Iuris Civilis 216, 243, 261 Dimberg, Sven 137 Heikki Pihlajamäki - 9789004331532 Downloaded from Brill.com09/27/2021 10:10:09PM via free access <UN> Index 293 District courts 5, 11, 15, 19, 27, 29, 30, 48n1, Estonia 1–2, 10, 15–16, 21–22, 24, 27, 45n5, 56, 60, 63, 75, 96, 102, 105–106, 108–110, 49, 50n2, 52, 62, 94–95, 99, 101–102, 114–119, 121–126, 129, 131–134, 137–140, 112–113, 117n1, 130–131, 136, 145, 155–156, 142, 144, 146–149, 152–154, 156n4, 197, 246n2 157–158, 161, 163, 165–166, 168, 171, Evidence 32, 46n3, 47, 80, 120, 124, 147, 178–180, 183, 187, 189, 191–193, 195–199, 149, 151, 160, 161, 168, 174, 178, 185, 188, 202, 206–209, 211, 214, 217, 224n3, 225, 192–195, 199–202, 209n2, 211, 213, 219, 227, 235, 240, 245, 247, 258–259 230, 232, 241, 244 District Court of Dorpat 11, 48n1, 118, 122, Full proof (probatio plena) 193, 196–198, 193, 197, 225, 227 200 District Court of Pernau 11, 108n3, 124, 125, Half a proof (semiplena probatio) 193, 138, 139, 140, 142, 144, 146, 147, 148, 149, 195, 199 152, 153, 156n4, 157, 158, 161, 165, 166, 168, Two-witness rule 198 171, 178, 180, 183, 187, 189, 191, 192, 196, Witnesses 1, 3, 37, 104, 117, 119–122, 145, 198, 199, 202, 206, 207, 208, 209, 240, 147, 153, 160–161, 164–168, 178, 180, 186, 245, 247 190, 192, 198–200, 203, 209–215, 219, 241, District Court of Wenden 11, 56, 105n3, 108, 243–244 124, 224n3 Written proofs 160 District Court Ordinance of 1630 105, 106, Ewiges Landfrieden see Perpetual 112, 113, 114, 115, 124, 133, 134, 157, 184, 192, Public Peace 223, 240 Exchange of Briefs 138, 155, 162–163, 202, District prosecutor 152, 182 236, 261 Divine law 248, 249, 252, 255, 262 Exemptio imperii 251 Donellus, Hugo 250 Dorpat (Tartu) 1–4, 10–11, 13–14, 19, 21, 23–30, Fabri, Dionysius 53 32–33, 35, 37–40, 45–46, 48n1, 50, 55n3, Fellin 45–46, 115, 139, 146, 153–154, 179–180, 62, 102, 105, 107, 109, 113–114, 118, 121–124, 185–186, 188, 191n4, 198, 201, 208 127–137, 141, 150, 152, 154, 158, 163, 184, Feudal law 26, 41, 42–43, 46–47, 59, 70, 191, 193, 196–197, 207, 208n2, 210, 214, 94–95, 246 216–217, 223–237, 239–242, 244–245, Final decision 30, 73, 75, 107n, 110, 118, 168, 247–248, 253, 258–259, 262 170–171, 193, 219, 222, 241n2 Dorpat Castle Court 127, 241 Finland 24, 72–73, 79, 81n9, 87, 93, 139–140, Droit commun 50, 238 180, 208, 216 Duels 42n1, 147, 187, 214, 220–221, 260, 263 Finicus, Johannes 140 Dunsdorf, Edgars 17 Formulare Procuratorum 53 Durantis, Guillielmus 205 Forum domicilium 158 Forum privilegiatum 5, 11, 158, 214, 216 Economy Regulation of 1696 112, 116, 117n1 François Duaren 251 Edsörebalkar 67 Fredericus Hippius 140, 144, 244 Elliot, J.H. 85–86, 88 Fredrik ii, Holy Roman Emperor 65 England 9, 10n2, 65, 75n2, 77, 83, 85, Frederick Cooper 8, 86n7 87–92, 207 Friedrich Georg von Bunge 14–15, 30, 42, English central courts 3 43n5, 51, 53, 58, 113, 183–184, 248 English common law 8, 51, 90 Fundata Intentio 239, 250, 252–254 English Court of Chancery 170 Erik xiv, King of Sweden 71, 72, 94, 130n2 Gaill, Andreas 240, 241 Erik of Pomerania 71 Gardie, Jacob de la 46, 73, 87, 115–117 Esmein, Adhémar 175 Gardie, Magnus de la 110 Estate inventories 37 Gårdsrätt 70, 71, 74 Heikki Pihlajamäki - 9789004331532 Downloaded from Brill.com09/27/2021 10:10:09PM via free access <UN> 294 Index Gemeines Recht 3–4, 5n, 6, 9n2, 16, 18–20, 35, Heyde, Jürgen 17, 112, 129n2 39–40, 51, 57, 63, 94, 95, 98, 132, 145–146, Hiärne, Thomas 1, 18 151, 155–156, 160, 162–164, 167, 199, 206, High courts 215–216, 221, 238, 240, 242n4, 244–245, Europe 2 250, 258, 260–262 Sweden 2, 3, 131, 135, 216, 223, 236, 245, Gemeines Recht Procedure 19, 160, 162–163, 262 167, 216, 261 High Court of Dorpat 4, 10–11, 13, 19, 109, Gerichtskonvent see Judicial Assembly 113–114, 118n4, 128–130, 133–136, 152, Gerichtsordnung 26, 45, 116 184, 191, 196, 207, 208n2, 214, 216–217, Gerichtsvogt see Court Bailiff 223–225, 227, 230–235,