ILLICIT DISCHARGE DETECTION AND ELIMINATION PROGRAM Policies and Procedures May 2020 Acknowledgments The cities of Redmond, Kirkland, Woodinville and Bothell would like to thank the City of Bainbridge Island for generously sharing their Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination Program Manual, April 2010, which became the base template from which this document was created. The City of Bothell would like to extend additional gratitude to Snohomish County, King County, and the City of Kirkland for their extensive information-sharing regarding bacteria source tracing approaches and experiences. Table of Contents Section 1 – Introduction .................................................................................................................... 5 1.1 Background .................................................................................................................................... 5 1.2 Summary of the IDDE Program ....................................................................................................... 6 Section 2 – Storm System Map ......................................................................................................... 7 2.1 Overview ....................................................................................................................................... 7 2.2 Mapping Procedures ...................................................................................................................... 8 Section 3 – IDDE Ordinance ............................................................................................................... 9 3.1 What is an Illicit Discharge?............................................................................................................ 9 3.2 What is an Illicit Connection? ......................................................................................................... 9 3.3 City IDDE Ordinance ....................................................................................................................... 9 Section 4 – Illicit Discharge Detection Procedures ..................................................................... 11 4.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 11 4.2 Routine Screening Inspections ..................................................................................................... 11 4.2.1 Schedule ............................................................................................................................... 11 4.2.2 Responsibility ........................................................................................................................ 12 4.2.3 Field Equipment .................................................................................................................... 12 4.2.4 Procedures ............................................................................................................................ 12 4.3 Incident Reporting ....................................................................................................................... 13 4.3.1 Contact Information .............................................................................................................. 13 4.3.2 Problem Documentation ....................................................................................................... 14 4.4 Incident Response ........................................................................................................................ 14 Section 5 – Follow-up Investigations ............................................................................................ 15 5.1 Purpose ....................................................................................................................................... 15 5.2 Priority Levels .............................................................................................................................. 15 5.3 Tracing the Source ....................................................................................................................... 16 5.3.1 Open a Case Log .................................................................................................................... 17 5.3.2 Method A – Storm Drain Network Investigations ................................................................... 17 5.3.3 Method B – Drainage Area Investigations .............................................................................. 20 5.3.4 Equipment ............................................................................................................................ 21 5.3.5 Analytical Sampling (if needed .............................................................................................. 22 Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination Program May 2020 5.4 Follow-up Actions ........................................................................................................................ 23 Section 6 – Corrective Action ......................................................................................................... 24 6.1 Purpose ....................................................................................................................................... 24 6.2 Voluntary Compliance .................................................................................................................. 24 6.2.1 Operational Problems ........................................................................................................... 24 6.2.2 Structural Problems .............................................................................................................. 24 6.3 Enforcement Actions.................................................................................................................... 25 6.3.1 Enforcement Timeline ........................................................................................................... 25 6.3.2 Potential Fines ...................................................................................................................... 26 6.3.3 Record Keeping ..................................................................................................................... 26 Section 7 – Public Education .......................................................................................................... 27 Section 8 – Record Keeping ............................................................................................................ 28 8.1 Data Sources ................................................................................................................................ 28 8.2 Record Storage Schedule ............................................................................................................. 28 Section 9 – Staff Training ............................................................................................................... 29 Section 10 – References .................................................................................................................. 30 Appendices Appendix A – Ecology’s 2020 Illicit Connection and Illicit Discharge Field Screening and Source Tracing Guidance Manual Appendix B – Spill Response Flow Chart Appendix C – Spill Response Standard Operating Procedures Appendix D – Long-Term Screening Program Plan Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination Program May 2020 Section 1 – Introduction 1.1 Background Surface Water Management staff work to protect and restore the physical, chemical and biotic integrity of surface water through the promotion of ecologically sound land use practices, reduction and elimination of stormwater impacts, the assurance of a high-performance level from current and future stormwater control systems, and education and outreach opportunities to foster healthy watershed stewardship. According to the US EPA’s 2000 National Water Quality Inventory, 39 percent of assessed river and stream miles, 46 percent of assessed lake acres, and 51 percent of assessed estuarine square miles do not meet water quality standards. The top causes of impairment include siltation, nutrients, bacteria, metals (primarily mercury), and oxygen-depleting substances. Polluted stormwater runoff, including runoff from urban/suburban areas and construction sites, is a leading source of this impairment. To address this problem, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) established the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) program as part of the Clean Water Act to regulate stormwater discharges. In the State of Washington, EPA has delegated the NPDES program administration to the Department of Ecology. Ecology issued a Phase II Municipal Stormwater Permit to the City of Bothell. The Phase II Permit requires the City to have a stormwater management program (SWMP) for its municipal separate storm sewer system (MS4) with five major conditions. One of those conditions requires “The SWMP shall include an ongoing program to detect and remove illicit connections, discharges as defined in 40 CFR 122.26(b)(2), and improper disposal, including any spills…, into the municipal separate storm sewers owned or operated by the Permittee.” (Permit Condition S5.C.3). The overarching program – known as Illicit Discharge, Detection, and Elimination (IDDE) – is implemented to locate and correct illicit discharges. For several cities, including Bothell, the Phase II Permit also contains special IDDE requirements