Chapter 1 Air Power, Insurgency and the “War on Terror” Edited by Joel Hayward Air Power, Insurgency and the “War on Terror” 1 Air Power and Insurgency: Some Preliminary Thoughts - Joel Hayward Index INDEX Author Biographies 5 Introduction Air Power and Insurgency: Some Preliminary Thoughts Air Power, Insurgency and the “War on Terror” Joel Hayward 9 Edited by Joel Hayward Chapter 1 The Air Power Profession: Adaptations to Continuity and Change in the Strategic Environment ISBN: 978-0-9552189-6-5 Matthew R H Uttley 19 © 2009 Joel Hayward Chapter 2 Air Power and Insurgency: Early RAF Doctrine Credit for logo art: Robert Savannah, US FWS Neville Parton 31 Disclaimer: Chapter 3 Royal Air Force Operations in South-West Arabia 1917-1967 The views expressed in this book are those of the editor and the authors identified and Peter Dye 43 do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Ministry of Defence, the Royal Air Force, the Royal Air Force Centre for Air Power Studies (RAF CAPS) or any other government agency. Chapter 4 Unnecessary or Unsung? The Strategic Role of Air Power in Britain’s Colonial Counter-Insurgencies Release: Andrew Mumford and Caroline Kennedy-Pipe 63 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever by any person or in any publication, or stored, transmitted or reproduced by Chapter 5 “Looks Suspicious”: The US Marines’ Air Campaign against any mechanical or digital means – audio and/or visual – including the internet, without the Sandino Insurgents of Nicaragua 1927-1933 the written permission of the Centre for Air Power Studies, except in the case of quotations Richard Grossman 79 embodied, in fair use, within articles and reviews for legitimate academic purposes and with the original source accurately credited. Chapter 6 The RAF in Counter-Insurgency Warfare: British Intervention Published and distributed by: in Greece, 1944-45 Christina J M Goulter 95 Royal Air Force Centre for Air Power Studies Royal Air Force College Chapter 7 Techniques and Gadgets, Hearts and Minds: An Analysis of Cranwell Operation Ranch Hand Lincolnshire NG34 8HB Evelyn Krache Morris 113 United Kingdom Telephone +44 (0)1400 266334 DFTS 95751 6334 Chapter 8 Night of the Flying Hooligans: Soviet Army Aviation and Fax +44 (0)1400 266265 Air Force Operations during the War in Afghanistan 1979-1989 Email: [email protected] Thomas Withington 127 Website: http://www.airpowerstudies.co.uk 2 Air Power, Insurgency and the “War on Terror” Air Power, Insurgency and the “War on Terror” 3 Air Power and Insurgency: Some Preliminary Thoughts - Joel Hayward Author Biographies Chapter 9 Air Power’s Role in Asymmetric Operations: AUTHOR BIOGRAPHIES The Case of the Second Lebanon War Sarah E Kreps 141 Dr Joel Hayward, the editor of this volume, is the Dean of the Royal Air Force College. He is also a Director of the Royal Air Force Centre for Air Power Studies (RAF CAPS) Chapter 10 Air Power and Ethics in the Age of the Global Salafi Jihad and the Head of King’s College London’s Air Power Studies Division. He is the author or AM Ashraf 157 editor of six books as well as many book chapters and journal articles, some of which have appeared in German, Russian, Portuguese, Spanish and Serbian translations. He lectures Chapter 11 Starting with a Blank Sheet: Principles of War for a widely throughout Europe on air power topics. New Century Phillip S Meilinger 175 Chapter 12 Air Power and Counter-insurgency: Back to the Basics Dr Christian F Anrig is a Lecturer in Air Power Studies for King’s College London at James S Corum 205 the Royal Air Force College. Born and raised in Liechtenstein, he started his professional career in Switzerland and was a researcher at the Centre for Security Studies, ETH Zurich, Chapter 13 The Use of Air Power Today: Have New Ethical from January 2004 until March 2007. His 2008 PhD analysed Continental European air Challenges Occurred? power in the post-Cold War era. Steinar Sanderød 221 Group Captain Afzal Ashraf is a PhD candidate in the Centre for the Study of Terrorism Chapter 14 Neglected Contributors: The Continental European and Political Violence at St Andrews University where his topic of research is Al Qaeda’s Air Powers Ideology. Ashraf has a first degree in Aeronautical Engineering and an MA in Defence Christian F Anrig 237 Studies. He has undertaken a range of engineering appointments throughout his RAF career. Between October 2004 and February 2005, he was appointed to the Multi-National Force in Baghdad where he worked as part of a US Army team dealing with political, Notes and Sources military and economic strategy for Iraq. His last appointment was at the Foreign and Commonwealth Office where he was responsible for Security Sector Reform and Political Military affairs for the Iraq Directorate. Dr James S Corum is the Dean of the Baltic Defence College in Tartu, Estonia. He was formerly a military historian at the USAF School of Advanced Airpower Studies and at the US Army Command and General Staff College. He has authored seven books and more than fifty journal articles on military history, airpower and counter-insurgency. He retired as a Lieutenant Colonel in the US Army Reserve in 2004 with his last duty assignment in Iraq. His most recent books are Bad Strategies: How Great Powers Fail in Counterinsurgency (Zenith Press, 2008) and Wolfram von Richthofen: Master of the German air War (University Press of Kansas, 2008). Air Vice-Marshal Peter Dye, retired, has published widely on various aspects of historical and contemporary air power. His PhD research at the University of Birmingham focuses on the logistics of the Royal Flying Corps. 4 Air Power, Insurgency and the “War on Terror” Air Power, Insurgency and the “War on Terror” 5 Air Power and Insurgency: Some Preliminary Thoughts - Joel Hayward Author Biographies Dr Christina J M Goulter is a Senior Lecturer in the Defence Studies Department of education of future strategists. Upon retirement from the Air Force Meilinger worked as a King’s College London. Between 1994 and 1997 she was Associate Visiting Professor defence analyst in Washington DC for six years. He received his PhD from the University of Strategy at the US Naval War College, Newport, Rhode Island. She is a member of Michigan and is the author of five books and over seventy articles on military theory of the Chief of the Air Staff’s Air Power Workshop and is a Committee Member, and practice. Air Power Group, Royal Aeronautical Society. She is an Air Power Academic on the Higher Command and Staff Course. She has published a book and various articles Evelyn Krache Morris is a doctoral candidate in history at Georgetown University. Her and chapters on air power. Her forthcoming book deals with British intervention in chapter is a portion of her dissertation, “Into the Wind: The Kennedy Administration and the second round of the Greek Civil War, examining COIN operations and urban the Use of Chemicals in Vietnam”. Close Air Support. Andrew Mumford is an ESRC-sponsored PhD candidate at the University of Warwick Dr Richard Grossman is an Instructor in the Department of History at Northeastern undertaking research into the evolution of British counter-insurgency strategy in the Illinois University. He is also a long-time peace and justice activist. He specialises in post-war period. He holds a BA in History and Politics and an MA in Research Methods modern Central American History and US Foreign Relations. His recent publications in Politics, both from the University of Sheffield. He transferred to the University of include: “The Hero Never Dies: Augusto Sandino of Nicaragua,” in Samuel Brunk and Ben Warwick to complete his PhD in October 2007. Andrew has been a Research Fellow at Fallaw, eds., Heroes and Hero Cults in Latin America (University of Texas Press, 2006) and the International Centre for the Study of Terrorism at Pennsylvania State University and “The Blood of the People: The Guardia Nacional de Nicaragua’s Fifty Year War Against the is currently the conference programme organiser for the British International Studies People of Nicaragua, 1927-1979,” in Cecilia Menjívar and Néstor Rodriguez, eds., When Association (BISA). He is also the convenor of BISA’s Insurgencies and Small Wars States Kill: Latin America, the U.S., and Technologies of Terror (University of Texas Press, 2005). working group, and from 2009 will be Books Review Editor of the journal Civil Wars. Professor Caroline Kennedy-Pipe has been Professor of International Relations & War Air Commodore Neville Parton is Director, Harrier, Survival and Tornado (DHST), at Studies at the University of Warwick since 2007. She was previously, from 2001 to 2007, Defence Equipment & Support. For the previous three years he was Director of Defence Professor of International Relations at the University of Sheffield and before that, Reader Studies (RAF) at the Defence Academy of the UK, where he was responsible for the in Politics at the University of Durham. In the 1990s she was Senior Lecturer and Director development of the use of Staff Rides within the RAF. He is currently completing a part- of the Institute of International Studies at the University of Leeds. She was Chair of the time PhD at the University of Cambridge. British International Studies Association (BISA) from 2004 to 2006 and is now President of the Association. She has a first class degree in History, an MscEcon in Strategic Studies Captain Steinar Sanderød is a lecturer in the Department of Air Power and Technology and a DPhil in International Relations.