Initial Environmental Examination June 2018 IND: Second Rural Connectivity Investment Program- Tranche 2 Madhya Pradesh Prepared by National Rural Road Development Agency, Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India for the Asian Development Bank. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 8 June 2018) Currency unit – Indian Rupees (INR/Rs) INR1.00 = $ 0.014835 $1.00 = INR 67.41 ABBREVIATIONS ADB : Asian Development Bank BIS : Bureau of Indian Standards CD : Cross Drainage MPRRDA Madhya Pradesh Rural Road Development Authority CGWB : Central Ground Water Board CO : carbon monoxide COI : Corridor of Impact DM : District Magistrate EA : Executing Agency EAF : Environment Assessment Framework ECOP : Environmental Codes of Practice EIA : Environmental Impact Assessment EMAP : Environmental Management Action Plan EO : Environmental Officer FEO : Field Environmental Officer FGD : Focus Group Discussion FFA : Framework Financing Agreement GOI : Government of India GP : Gram panchyat GSB : Granular Sub Base HA : Hectare HC : Hydro Carbon IA : Implementing Agency IEE : Initial Environmental Examination IRC : Indian Road Congress LPG : Liquefied Petroleum Gas MFF : Multitranche Financing Facility MORD : Ministry of Rural Development MORTH : Ministry of Road Transport and Highways MOU : Memorandum of Understanding MPRRDA : Madhya Pradesh Rural Road Development Agency NAAQS : National Ambient Air Quality Standards NGO : Non-governmental Organisation NOx : nitrogen oxide NC : Not Connected NGO : Non-government Organization NRRDA : National Rural Road Development Agency PIU : Project Implementation Unit PIC : Project Implementation Consultants PRIs : Panchyati Raj Institutions PMGSY : Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana POL : Petroleum, Oil and Lubricants PPTA : Project Preparation Technical Assistance RCIP : Rural Connectivity Investment Program ROW : Right-of-Way RPM : Respirable Particulate Matter RRP : Report and Recommendation of the President RRSP : Rural Road Sector Project SRRDA : State Rural Road Development Agency SBD : Standard Bidding Documents SO2 : sulphur dioxide SPM : Suspended Particulate Matter TA : Technical Assistance TOR : Terms of Reference TSC : Technical Support Consultants UG : Upgradation WBM : Water Bound Macadam CGRRA Madhya Pradesh Rural Road Development Agency ZP : Zilla Parisad This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY i A. Physical Environment i B. Biological Environment ii C. Socio-economic Environment ii D. Anticipated Enviromental Impacts and Mitigating Measures ii E. Conclusion and Recommendations iv I. INTRODUCTION 1 A. Project Background 1 B. Project Roads Identification and Location 1 C. ADB Safeguard Policies and Category of the Project 2 D. Objectives and Approach for Environmental Assessment 3 E. IEE Methodology and Content 3 F. Legal Framework and Legislative Requirements: 4 G. Acknowledgement 5 II. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 7 A. General 7 B. Sample Roads Selected in Madhya Pradesh State 7 C. Project Description 8 III. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 12 A. Background 12 B. Physical Environment 12 C. Ecological Resources 30 D. Socio-Economic Environment 35 E. Salient EnvironmentalFeatures of Sample Roads 36 IV. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND ITS MITIGATION MEASURES 40 A. Common Impacts during Design and Construction Phase 40 B. Common Impacts during Post Construction and Operation Phase 48 C. Road Specific Impacts 50 D. Climate Change Impacts and Risks 50 V. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN, INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS AND GRIEVANCE ADDRESS MECHANISM 53 A. Environmental Management Plan 53 B. Environmental Monitoring Plan 53 C. Institutional Arrangements and Responsibilities 54 D. Institutional Environmental Responsibilities 54 E. Environmental Assessment and Review Framework (EARF) for Second RCIP 57 F. Capacity Building 59 G. Consultation and Information Disclosure 59 H. Grievance Redress Mechanism 60 VI. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE 61 A. General 61 B. Compliance with Relevant Regulatory Requirements 61 C. Beneficiaries’ Comments 61 D. Addressal of Issues 62 VII. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 64 A. Conclusions 64 B. Key Recommendations 65 APPENDICES Appendix 1: Details of Roads in Madhya Pradesh .....................................................................66 Appendix 2: Rural Roads: Environmental Checklist ..................................................................72 Appendix 3: Guidelines for Borrow Areas Management .......................................................... 110 Appendix 4: Environmental Management Plan ........................................................................ 113 Appendix 5: Environmental Monitoring Plan ............................................................................ 126 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Summary of District Wise Sample Rural Roads ............................................................ 7 Table 2: ROW Requirement ....................................................................................................... 9 Table 3: Summary Key Environmental Features of the Sample Roads Districts ........................13 Table 4: Maximum Observed Ambient Air Quality during 2008 .................................................24 Table 5: Ambient Air Quality Status of Madhya Pradesh in Previous Years ..............................24 Table 6:Land Use Pattern in the State ......................................................................................28 Table 7: List of Common Flora of Project Districts .....................................................................31 Table 8: List of common fauna of Project Districts .....................................................................32 Table 9: List of Protected Areas in Madhya Pradesh .................................................................34 Table 10: Demographic Profile ..................................................................................................35 Table 11: Salient Environmental Features of Sample Roads .....................................................37 Table 12. AADT Composition ....................................................................................................51 Table 13. CO2 Emission Factors ...............................................................................................51 Table 14: Addressal of Issues and Concerns under the Project ................................................62 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: District Locations of Tranche 2 Roads ......................................................................... 3 Figure 2: Cross-section of Rural Roads...................................................................................... 8 Figure 3:Geographical / Geological Map of Madhya Pradesh ....................................................25 Figure 4: Seismic Zone Map .....................................................................................................27 Figure 5: Hazard Zone Map ......................................................................................................27 Figure 6: Decadal Water Table Conditions in the Project Districts .............................................29 Figure 7: Forest Map of Madhya Pradesh .................................................................................30 Figure 8: Protected Areas of Madhya Pradesh ..........................................................................34 Figure 9: Institutional Arrangement for EMP Implementation.....................................................55 i EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) aims to provide all-weather road connectivity to currently unserved habitations in India’s rural areas, where 70% of the population live. The Government of India (GOI) launched PMGSY in 2000. The objective of PMGSY is to provide all-weather road connectivity to all rural habitations with a population of more than 500 persons in plains and and 250 persons in hill states. This program is being implemented through National Rural Road Development Agency (NRRDA) under the Ministry of Rural Development (MORD) at central level and through State Rural Road Development Authorities/Agencies (SRRDAs) at state levels. 2. The Second Rural Connectivity Investment Program (RCIP 2) is the continuation of Rural Connectivity Investment Program (RCIP) and is a Multitranche Financing Facility (MFF) that will be implemented in the states of Assam, Chhattisgarh, Orissa, Madhya Pradesh and West Bengal. 3. The Government of Madhya Pradesh is now planning to submit to ADB the second Periodic Finance Request (PFR) that includes the proposal for about 204 rural roads, consisting of 168 packages and with a total distance of 2859.09 km in the state of Madhya Pradesh. Madhya Pradesh Rural Road Development Authority (MPRRDA) is the Implementing Agency. The preparatory works for the proposed roads under the second tranche have been completed for the state. As per the requirements of ADB, it is mandatory that the subprojects under the programme comply with ADB's environmental