40 Years of Summits Inside: a special supplement focusing on four decades of debate and decision-making GERMANY: THE SCHLOSS ELMAU SUMMIT AN AUTHORISED PUBLICATION OF THE 2015 G7 SUMMIT Angela Merkel Germany’s Chancellor outlines the summit agenda Energy security Spotlight on Africa Creating a sustainable future A focus on the continent’s prospects and countering climate change for growth and development Sanofi_placed.indd 2 23/04/2015 11:42 Sanofi_placed.indd 3 23/04/2015 11:42 THE ANSWER IS BLOWING IN THE WIND Security of supply. Air pollution. Energy poverty. Unemployment. Climate change. Volatile fossil fuel prices. The world is full of problems. When shaping the society of tomorrow, we need to deal with all these problems at the same time. The good news is that to all these problems, there’s one solution. Wind energy is clean. It’s scalable. And most importantly, it’s competitive. Today, the cost of wind energy is lower than nuclear. Lower than gas. In some cases even lower than coal. And that’s before we add the costs of pollution. In short, the answer to many of our most pressing questions is literally blowing in the wind. €/MWh 125 100 75 50 25 0 Gas Coal Solar Nuclear Wind onshore Wind Source: ECOfys/European Commission solutionwind.com #solutionwind Clean. Competitive. Ready. European Wind Energy Association_placed.indd 1 13/05/2015 12:19 Contents G7 Germany: The Schloss Elmau Summit | June 2015 Introductions and leaders’ perspectives The G7 in numbers 10 40 years of G7 meetings — commitment for 38 A look at how the G7 members compare on statistics ranging growth and prosperity, peace and freedom / from gross domestic product to clean-energy investment 40 Jahre G7-Treffen — Einsatz für Wachstum und Wohlstand, Frieden und Freiheit Economic growth, jobs and structural reform Angela Merkel, Chancellor, Germany 41 Towards a more inclusive global economy 16 Reality denied will come back to haunt Angel Gurría, Secretary General, Organisation for Economic Jean-Claude Juncker, President, European Commission Co-operation and Development, explains the importance of inclusive and sustainable economic growth 19 Working towards shared goals Barack Obama, President, United States 46 Disappointing outlook underlines need for reform Structural reforms of the labour and product markets 21 Seizing opportunities to increase growth must be implemented in order to catalyse growth, writes David Cameron, Prime Minister, United Kingdom Robert Fauver, former US G7/G8 Sherpa 22 Time to act on climate change 50 Decent work: essential for growth François Hollande, President, France Improving wages and social protection are key to tackling weak employment prospects, which are connected to 23 Creating a more prosperous world inequality and sluggish economic development, says Guy Stephen Harper, Prime Minister, Canada Ryder, Director General, International Labour Organization 24 The future is today 52 What can the G7 fix? Matteo Renzi, Prime Minister, Italy Jim O’Neill, Chair of the Review on Antimicrobial Resistance and former Chief Economist, Goldman Sachs, argues that the An alliance of shared values G7 and G20 should become less reliant on the US for growth Shinzō Abe, Prime Minister, Japan 54 Education for 21st-century skills 25 Towards a stronger Union Improving learning outcome at all stages is essential to Donald Tusk, President, European Council unlocking young people’s potential, says Claudia Costin, Senior Director for Education, World Bank Group 28 2015: a year of opportunity Ban Ki-moon, Secretary-General, United Nations 58 Wealth from women in the workforce Julia Kulik, Senior Researcher, G7 Research Group, examines the benefits of expanding economic opportunities for women, Editors’ introductions and the G7’s role in setting a global benchmark 32 A summit of success: prospects for Schloss Elmau The G7 and global development John Kirton, Director, G7 Research Group 60 Smallholders: a big opportunity 34 The changing dynamic of German-African relations Small farms in developing countries must be given more Andreas Freytag, Professor of Economics, support to maximise efficiency, writes Kanayo F Nwanze, Friedrich Schiller University Jena President, International Fund for Agricultural Development Welcome message 64 Ensuring good food for all A round table on sustainable agricultural development, 37 Welcome to Bavaria featuring senior figures from Bayer CropScience, the Horst Seehofer, Bavaria Minister-President World Food Programme and the World Bank g7g20.com G7 Germany: The Schloss Elmau Summit June 2015 5 SPONSORED FEATURE Responsible mining and environmental protection: a legacy for the communities of La Guajira, Colombia an open-pit mining be carried out while protecting the environment? At Cerrejón, a coal mine on the peninsula of La Guajira in Colombia Cthat produces 34 million tonnes of coal every year and employs about 14,000 people, the answer is yes. It is not only possible, but it is one of the core values of our daily work. There is no doubt that mining has an impact on the environment and society. We know that, in addition to responding to real human needs, such as the provision of affordable electricity, mining also meets less Efficient use of water and while respecting their indigenous visible goals, such as providing decent contributions to community traditions and customs. jobs, improving the quality of life in well-being Cerrejón is fully committed to being neighbouring communities and providing Most of the water we use during a trustworthy and responsible supplier, important resources for national and operation (90 per cent) to control respecting the rights of communities local Colombian budgets. This is even particulate matter emissions (road and directly enhancing the quality of more important when operating in an wetting, fog canons, etc) is rainfall life of people in the region. This is the environment such as La Guajira. This or comes from coal seams: this water only way that mining and care for the northern region of South America has is not fit for human consumption or environment can produce a positive extreme climate conditions, scarce water agricultural use. The remaining outcome for the population. We shall and extremely high temperatures. To this 10 per cent is high-quality water that continue along this path, always open must be added high levels of poverty, is consumed by our employees and to constructive dialogue with all our malnutrition, illiteracy, few opportunities contractors. Over the past five years, stakeholders, constantly willing to for economic income and limited local we have reduced the use of potable improve and eager to work hand-in- and national state services. water from 41 per cent to 10 per cent, hand with those who are committed At Cerrejón, we operate with a clear and we recycle 23 per cent of this water to improving the prospects for future ethical conviction of doing things properly With the severe drought in La Guajira generations in La Guajira. by following high global standards in the since 2014, Cerrejón has implemented a implementation of measures to avoid series of actions, including the distribution Roberto Junguito causing damage to the environment of more than 10 million litres of water Chief Executive Officer, Cerrejón and to society. Through the appropriate for our neighbouring communities, use of water and our programme for the repairing 51 windmill-driven and solar reclamation of land disturbed by mining, water pumps and drilling higher-capacity we contribute not only to protecting the deep wells. We also work on identifying Cerrejón environment, but also to the well-being medium- and long-term solutions through Joint venture between BHP Billiton, of our neighbouring communities. a water partnership with the authorities. Ango American and Glencore. Land reclamation Carlos Franco The Land Reclamation Program (1987) Manager of Social Standards and commits us to returning to communities International Engagement land in excellent condition after activity Calle 100 No. 19-54 , Bogotá, Colombia has concluded. Since then, we have T: (57-1) 595-2117 reclaimed nearly 3,500 ha of the E: [email protected] total 13,000 ha disturbed, planting www.cerrejon.com more than 1.5 million trees to recover topsoils and even improve on the land’s previous condition. We work with our neighbouring communities to improve their farming and grazing practices, discouraging burning wood for fuel, Cerrejon_placed.indd 2 15/05/2015 14:09 CONTENTS 68 Investing in agriculture is the key to food security 88 Closing the gaps to end AIDS, tuberculosis A shortfall of investment is curbing progress towards and malaria greater food security, which is the basis for all sustainable Gaps in funding and governance are hampering efforts to development, says José Graziano da Silva, Director General, eliminate disease, says Michel Sidibé, Executive Director, Food and Agriculture Organization UNAIDS, and Undersecretary General, United Nations 70 A framework for zero hunger 90 Immunisation: not just a lifesaver Ertharin Cousin, Executive Director, World Food Programme, Vaccination is key to economic development, educational on the need for better financing mechanisms, sustained attainment and healthier lives, writes Dr Seth Berkley, international engagement and investment, if the goal of Chief Executive Officer, Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance ending hunger by 2030 is to be achieved 92 The all-of-society approach to fighting Interview preventable diseases 74 Jin-Yong Cai Dr C James Hospedales, Executive