Juniata County, Pennsylvania 2020 Hazard Mitigation Plan Certification of Annual Review Meetings PUBLIC DATE OF YEAR OUTREACH SIGNATURE MEETING ADDRESSED? * 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 *Confirm yes here annually and describe on record of change page. i Juniata County, Pennsylvania 2020 Hazard Mitigation Plan Record of Changes DESCRIPTION OF CHANGE MADE, MITIGATION ACTION COMPLETED, CHANGE MADE CHANGE MADE DATE OR PUBLIC OUTREACH BY (PRINT NAME) BY (SIGNATURE) PERFORMED REMINDER: Please attach all associated meeting agendas, sign-in sheets, handouts and minutes. ii Juniata County, Pennsylvania 2020 Hazard Mitigation Plan Table of Contents Certification of Annual Review Meetings ....................................................................... i Record of Changes ....................................................................................................... ii Figures ........................................................................................................................ v Tables ........................................................................................................................ vii Executive Summary .................................................................................................... ix 1. Introduction .......................................................................................................... 1 1.1. Background ...................................................................................... 1 1.2. Purpose ............................................................................................ 2 1.3. Scope ................................................................................................ 2 1.4. Authority and Reference ................................................................... 2 2. Community Profile ................................................................................................. 4 2.1. Geography and Environment ............................................................ 4 2.2. Community Facts ............................................................................. 6 2.3. Places, Populations and Demographics ............................................. 7 2.4. Land Use and Development ............................................................ 12 3. Planning Process ................................................................................................. 16 3.1. Update Process and Participation Summary ................................... 16 3.2. The Planning Team ......................................................................... 17 3.3. Meetings and Documentation ......................................................... 20 3.4. Public and Stakeholder Participation .............................................. 21 3.5. Multi-Jurisdictional Planning ......................................................... 22 4. Risk Assessment ................................................................................................. 24 4.1. Update Process Summary ............................................................... 24 4.2. Hazard Identification ...................................................................... 25 4.2.1. Presidential and Gubernatorial Disaster Declarations ............................. 25 4.2.2. Summary of Hazards .............................................................................. 27 4.2.3. Climate Change ...................................................................................... 33 4.3. Hazard Profiles ............................................................................... 36 4.3.1. Drought .................................................................................................. 36 iii Juniata County, Pennsylvania 2020 Hazard Mitigation Plan 4.3.2. Earthquake ............................................................................................. 46 4.3.3. Flood, Flash Flood and Ice Jams ............................................................. 52 4.3.4. Invasive Species ...................................................................................... 62 4.3.5. Pandemic and Infectious Disease ............................................................ 73 4.3.6. Radon Exposure ..................................................................................... 82 4.3.7. Tornado, Windstorm ............................................................................... 88 4.3.8. Wildfire ................................................................................................... 98 4.3.9. Winter Storms ...................................................................................... 106 4.3.10. Civil Disturbance ............................................................................... 114 4.3.11. Cyber Attacks .................................................................................... 117 4.3.12. Dam Failure ...................................................................................... 119 4.3.13. Emergency Services ........................................................................... 120 4.3.14. Environmental Hazards ..................................................................... 126 4.3.15. Opioid Epidemic ................................................................................ 135 4.3.16. Terrorism ........................................................................................... 144 4.3.17. Transportation Accidents ................................................................... 151 4.3.18. Utility Interruptions ........................................................................... 157 4.4. Hazard Vulnerability Summary .................................................... 165 4.4.1. Methodology ......................................................................................... 165 4.4.2. Ranking Results ................................................................................... 167 4.4.3. Potential Loss Estimates ....................................................................... 171 4.4.4. Future Development and Vulnerability ................................................. 171 5. Capability Assessment ....................................................................................... 173 5.1. Update Process Summary ............................................................. 173 5.2. Capability Assessment Findings ................................................... 174 5.2.1. Planning and Regulatory Capability ...................................................... 174 5.2.2. Administrative and Technical Capability ............................................... 179 5.2.3. Financial Capability .............................................................................. 184 5.2.4. Education and Outreach ....................................................................... 185 5.2.5. Plan Integration .................................................................................... 186 6. Mitigation Strategy ............................................................................................ 192 iv Juniata County, Pennsylvania 2020 Hazard Mitigation Plan 6.1. Update Process Summary ............................................................. 192 6.2. Mitigation Goals and Objectives .................................................... 203 6.3. Identification and Analysis of Mitigation Techniques .................... 204 6.4. Mitigation Action Plan .................................................................. 207 7. Plan Maintenance .............................................................................................. 221 7.1. Update Process Summary ............................................................. 221 7.2. Monitoring, Evaluating and Updating the Plan ............................. 221 7.3. Continued Public Involvement ...................................................... 222 8. Plan Adoption .................................................................................................... 223 8.1. Resolutions ................................................................................... 223 9. Appendices ........................................................................................................ 224 APPENDIX A: References .................................................................................... 224 APPENDIX B: FEMA Local Mitigation Review Tool............................................... 224 APPENDIX C: Meetings and Support Documents ................................................ 224 APPENDIX D: Municipal Flood Maps .................................................................. 224 APPENDIX E: Critical and Special Needs Facilities ............................................. 224 APPENDIX F: 2020 HAZUS Reports .................................................................... 224 APPENDIX G: 2020 Mitigation Project Opportunities .......................................... 224 APPENDIX H: 2020 Mitigation Action Evaluation & Prioritization ....................... 224 APPENDIX I: Dam Failure Profile ....................................................................... 224 APPENDIX J: Annual Review Documentation ..................................................... 224 APPENDIX K: Juniata County & Municipal Adoption Resolutions....................... 224 Figures Figure 1 - Juniata County Base Map ........................................................................... 4 Figure 2 - Physiographic Provinces of Pennsylvania ....................................................