Republic of Kenya National Construction Authority Collaboration Program with the Private Sector for Disseminating Japanese Technology for Micro Flush Toilet System for Watershed Management and Improvement of Water Environment in Urban Areas, Kenya Final Report May 2017 Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) LIXIL Corporation OS JR 17-045 Collaboration Program with the Private Sector for Disseminating Japanese Technology for Micro Flush Toilet System for Watershed Management and Improvement of Water Environment in Urban Areas, Kenya Final Report TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Executive Summary ............................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Outline .................................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Diagram of the Project Outline ............................................................................................. 4 2. Background of the Project ................................................................................................. 5 2.1 Background ........................................................................................................................... 5 2.2 Technology to Be Promoted and Its Contribution to Development Agenda ......................... 5 2.2.1 Technology to Be Promoted .................................................................................... 5 2.2.2 Contribution to Development Agenda ..................................................................... 7 3. Outline of the Project ......................................................................................................... 9 3.1 Objectives and Goals ............................................................................................................ 9 3.1.1 Objectives of This Business ..................................................................................... 9 3.1.2 Goals in This Project (Contribution to Development Agenda) ................................ 9 3.1.3 Objectives of This Project (Business Perspectives) ................................................. 9 3.2 Implementation of the Project .............................................................................................. 9 3.2.1 Schedule ................................................................................................................... 9 3.2.2 Implementation Structure ...................................................................................... 10 3.2.3 Tasks ...................................................................................................................... 11 4. Results of the Project Implementation ............................................................................ 13 4.1 Outline ................................................................................................................................ 13 4.2 Pilot and Demonstration for Raising Awareness of the MFTS ........................................... 13 4.2.1 Public Properties .................................................................................................... 13 4.2.2 Private Properties ................................................................................................... 15 4.2.3 ODA Projects ......................................................................................................... 19 4.2.4 Others..................................................................................................................... 20 4.3 Examination on Local Marketing of the MFTS .................................................................. 20 4.3.1 Local Needs and Market Environment .................................................................. 20 4.3.2 Customization and Pricing of the Product ............................................................. 22 4.4 Seminars and Technical Trainings on the MFTS ................................................................ 22 4.4.1 Approach for Specification .................................................................................... 23 i Collaboration Program with the Private Sector for Disseminating Japanese Technology for Micro Flush Toilet System for Watershed Management and Improvement of Water Environment in Urban Areas, Kenya Final Report 4.4.2 Approach for Certification ..................................................................................... 25 5. Evaluation of Implementation Results ............................................................................ 33 5.1 Outputs in Social Contribution ....................................................................................... 33 5.2 Outputs in Business, Remaining Issues, and Solutions ............................................ 33 5.2.1 Outputs in Business ............................................................................................... 34 5.2.2 Remaining Issues and Solutions ............................................................................ 35 6. Business Plan after the Project ........................................................................................ 38 6.1 Objectives and Goals of the Business ................................................................................. 38 6.1.1 Outputs Expected from the Business to the Local Society and Economy.............................................................................................................. 38 6.1.2 Outputs Expected from the Business (Business Perspectives) ........................ 39 6.2 Business Plan ...................................................................................................................... 39 6.2.1 Business Outline .................................................................................................... 39 6.2.2 Target of the Business ............................................................................................ 39 6.2.3 Implement Structure of the Business ..................................................................... 40 6.2.4 Schedule of the Business ....................................................................................... 40 6.2.5 Investment and Financial Plan ............................................................................... 41 6.2.6 Competition Environment ..................................................................................... 41 6.2.7 Challenges and Solutions for the Business ............................................................ 42 6.2.8 Possible Risks in the Business and Measures ............................................... 42 6.3 Collaboration with ODA Projects ....................................................................................... 43 6.3.1 Necessity of Collaboration .................................................................................... 43 6.3.2 Expected Project Scheme ...................................................................................... 44 6.3.3 Details of Collaboration Project ............................................................................ 45 ANNEX Proceeding of the Meeting for Promotion of Green Products Applicable in Kenya ii Collaboration Program with the Private Sector for Disseminating Japanese Technology for Micro Flush Toilet System for Watershed Management and Improvement of Water Environment in Urban Areas, Kenya Final Report FIGURES Figure 1 Structure of Conventional and Micro Flush Toilets ........................................................... 6 Figure 2 Concentration of Population to Major Cities in Kenya ....................................................... 7 Figure 3 Implementation Structure of the Project ........................................................................... 10 Figure 4 Plan of Pilot Test at Machakos County ............................................................................. 15 Figure 5 Layout of Typical “Plot” Housing in Nairobi ................................................................... 16 Figure 6 Overview of Site Observation ........................................................................................... 17 Figure 7 Overview of Kangemi Area .............................................................................................. 17 Figure 8 Overview of the Pilot Apartment ...................................................................................... 18 Figure 9 Layout of Drainage (After Pilot Intervention) .................................................................. 18 Figure 10 Location of Water Meters .................................................................................................. 19 Figure 11 Installed Toilets ................................................................................................................. 19 Figure 12 Structure of Toilet Market in Kenya ................................................................................. 20 Figure 13 Diagram of Waste Carriage with Shower Drainage .......................................................... 22 Figure 14 Flow of Public Construction Projects in Kenya ................................................................ 23 Figure 15 Elements for Establishing a Promotion Scheme ............................................................... 26 Figure 16 Involvement of Kenyan Stakeholders with Expected Promotion Schemes ...................... 29 Figure 17 Scenes of the Meeting ......................................................................................................