1080 Reassessment Application October 2006 Appendix C Source: Landcare Research (1964). Control of poisons. Royal Society of Health Journal 84, 52-53. Keywords: poisons/non-target species/fluoroacetamide/livestock Occupational Health Bulletin: Sodium Fluoroacetate Compound 1080. New Series No 1 (revision of Vol.6 No 11, July 1962). 1967. Wellington, Department of Health. Ref Type: Pamphlet Keywords: sodium fluoroacetate/fluoroacetate/1080 (1969). Fluoroacetate. In 'Clinical toxicology of commercial products'. (M. Gleason, R. Gosselin, H. Hodge, and R. SmithEds. ) pp. 116-117. (The Williams & Wilkins: Baltimore.) Keywords: fluoroacetate/sodium fluoroacetate/diagnosis/treatment/acute toxicity Poisonings. 20. 1976. Surveillance 1976 No.4. Ref Type: Report Keywords: poisoning/1080/analysis/muscle/liver/livestock/witholding period Abstract: 1080 poisoning was in the public eye in Canterbury when sheep died after they were returned to a block pronounced "safe" after poisoning operations. About 160 ewes died out of 800, and 1080 poisoning was confirmed. It is reported that errors were made in the analysis of bait tested to determine if it was safe to stock. Recently a workshop on 1080 analysis was held at Invermay AHL. These are the recommendations for sampling: 1) Take the samples from the animals which are first to die in the outbreak even though they may be more autolysed. 2) The best specimens in order of preference are muscle, stomach contents then liver 1080 poisoning. 26. 1976. Surveillance 1976 No. 4. Ref Type: Report Keywords: 1080/poisoning/birds/persistence in animals/non-target species/secondary poisoning/humans Abstract: Recently, Canada geese around Lake Benmore were poisoned by oats impregnated with 1080 Diagnosis of 1080 poisoning in dogs. 4. 1978. Surveillance 1978 No.1. Ref Type: Report Keywords: 1080/poisoning/dogs/diagnosis Abstract: A dog may die of 1080 poisoning but have tissue 1080 levels too low to detect. (1986). Rodenticides, Fungicides, Herbicides, Fumigants and Repellents. In 'Poisoning. Toxicology, Symptoms, Treatments'. (J. M. Arena and R. H. DrewEds. ) pp. 226-227. (Charles C. Thomas: Springfield, Illinois, U.S.A.) Keywords: diagnosis/sodium fluoroacetate/treatment/poisoning (1988). Submission to the Animal Welfare Advisory Committee on the use of 1080 for pest animal control in Victoria. (Department of Conservation Forests and Lands: [Melbourne].) Keywords: field efficacy/ground control/welfare/1080 (1991). Toxic Agents. In 'Casarett and Doull's Toxicology. The basic science of poisons.'. (M. O. Amdur, J. Doull, and C. D. KlaassenEds. ) p. 612. (Pergamon Press: New York, Oxford, Bejing, Frankfurt, Sao Paulo, Sydney, Tokyo, Toronto.) Keywords: fluoroacetate/poisoning/treatment/poisons (1991). Sodium fluoroacetate. In 'Documentation of the threshold limit values and biological exposure indices : 6th ed'. pp. 1411-1415. (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists: Cincinnati.) Keywords: occupational exposure/regulatory toxicology/metabolism/sodium fluoroacetate/fluoroacetate/humans/developmental toxicity/reproductive effects 1 1080 Reassessment Application October 2006 Appendix C (1992). Sodium fluoroacetate. Federal register 57, 26275-26276. Keywords: occupational exposure/regulatory toxicology/sodium fluoroacetate/fluoroacetate/humans Water quality monitoring of Stage 1 of the Department of Conservation/ Taranaki Regional Council possum control operation on Mount Taranaki/Egmont 1993. 93-27, -20. 1993. Stratford, New Zealand, Taranaki Regional Council. Technical Report. Ref Type: Report Keywords: persistence in water/possums/aerial control/1080/fluoride/poisoning/persistence in invertebrates Abstract: Public concerns about stage 1 of the joint Department of Conservation/Taranaki Regional Council possum control operation on Mount Taranaki/Egmont included issues relating to potential effects of the use of 1080 poison on water quality and water usage, in particular domestic water supplies from catchments drainign areas within the aerial poison application zone. Taranaki Regional Council undertook a comprehensive water quality moniotring programme in recognition of these concerns, despite the existence of documented water quality monitoring information for two earlier aerila control operations (Waipoua Forest and Rangitoto Island) which indicated that no contamination of natural water by 1080 resulted from these large scale operations. This programme included natural surface waters within and outside (controls) the operational zone, major water supplies (raw and treated) and groundwaters. Monitoring concentrated on 1080 and fluoride (the principal breakdown product) concentrations in the waters. Sampling commenced in advance of the first aerial application of 1080 and extended througout the operational period with one site smapled more intensively to monitor any immeduate impacts of the department of Conservation's initial three-day aerial poison drop within the National Park. In addition to the physicochemical monitoring, the programme was augmented with biological monitoring of three representative catchment sites draining the opertaional area and two catchment sites (controls) immediately beyond the boundaries. The results consistently showed no measurable impact of the possum control operation on the physicochemical parameters (1080 and fluoride concentrations) or biological indicators (benthic macroinvertebrate fauna) measured in any of the natural waters draining botht he National Park and the buffer zones within the operational poisoning area. No impacts attributable to the possum control operation were measured on these physicochemical parameters in teh raw and traeted domestic water supplies, or groundwaters monitored. The resutls of this relatively intensive monitoringprogram may provide guidelines for the assessment and estbalishment of appropriate monitoring of any future possum control operations of this nature. Water quality monitoring of Stages 2&3 of the Department of Conservation/ Taranaki Regional Council possum control operation on Mount Taranaki/Egmont 1994. 94-7, -20. 1994. Stratford, New Zealand, Taranaki Regional Council. Technical Report. Ref Type: Report Keywords: 1080/persistence in water/aerial control/possums/fluoride/poisoning/persistence in invertebrates Abstract: Public concerns relating to the joint Department of Conservation/Taranaki Regional Council possum control operation on Mount Taranaki/Egmont included issues relating to potential effects of the use of 1080 poison on water quality and water usage, in particular domestic water supplies from catchments draining areas within the aerial poison application zone. Taranaki Regional Council, in 1993, undertook a comprehensive water quality monitoring of stage 1 of the control programme in recognition of these concerns, despite the existence of documented water quality monitoring information for two earlier aerila control operations (Waipoua Forest and Rangitoto Island) which indicated that no contamination of natural water by 1080 resulted from these large scale operations. Taranaki Regional Council results consistently showed no measurable impact of the possum control operation on the physicochemical parameters (1080 and fluoride concentrations) or biological indicators (benthic macroinvertebrate fauna) measured in any of the natural waters draining both the National Park and the buffer zones within the operational poisoning area. No impacts attributable to the possum control operation were measured on these physicochemical parameters in the raw and treated domestic water supplies, or groundwaters monitored. The results of this relatively intensive monitoring programme provided guidelines for the performance of an appropraite monitoring programme in association with the remaining stages (2&3) of the Mount Taranaki/Egmont possum control operations. The programme concentrated on the physicochemical moniotring of seven treated local authority water supplies abstracted from catchments draining the operational area, and was complemented with intensive monitoring of one raw surface water supply catchment, and biological monitoring of representative surface waters in close porximity to the National Park operational area. 2 1080 Reassessment Application October 2006 Appendix C Sampling commenced in advance of the aerial operation of 1080 and extended throughout the operational period with one site sampled more intensively to monitor any immediate impacts of the aerial poisoning application within the National Park and adjacent bush. The monitoring confirmed 1993 results, with no detectable concentrations of 1080 measured, in natural or treated water supplies, before, during or within one month following the possum control operation. No measurable impacts of this operation were found from the monitoring of fluoride concentrations and longer term biological indicators (benthic macroinvertebrate fauna) in the representative ctahcments draining the operational area. The results of both water quality programmes (all three stages of the Mount Taranaki/Egmont possum control operation) hvae combined to provide the most intensive moniotring of a 1080 poisoning operation to date in New Zealand, and may contribute to the estbalishment of appropriate monitoring of future possum control operations of this nature. (1995). Pesticide poisoning. (U.K. Department of Health: Keywords: poisoning/acute toxicity/treatment The use of genetically modified rumen bacteria to protect livestock from fluoroacetate poisoning. [29 March 2000],