Name __________________________ Write the Can You Explain question here: Period ______________________ How are elements, compounds, and molecules all related to one another? Discovery Techbook - Unit: Structure and Properties of Matter / Concept: Molecules ****NOTE: Watch ALL embedded video clips and images as you progress through each page of the concept.**** ***ENGAGE- Answer all questions in COMPLETE SENTENCES where appropriate. Watch all video clips and images. 1. Complete the Molecules and Compounds interactive on the Engage page then answer the questions below. a. Which four elements chemically bond to form baking soda? Sodium, Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen all chemically bond to form baking soda. b. Which three elements chemically combine to make sugar? Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen chemically combine to make sugar. ***EXPLORE p1- Answer all questions in COMPLETE SENTENCES where appropriate. Watch all video clips and images. 1. Define Atom, Molecule and Chemical Atom- Definition- the smallest unit of an element that has the Illustration of a Molecule- Illustrate a molecule of water by viewing the “Animation” in the Interactive properties of that element. Glossary. Label the individual atoms that bond to Molecule- Definition- two or more atoms joined together. make a molecule of water. Chemical- Definition- an element or compound. Chemical Bond- Definition- the forces that hold atoms together, these may be ionic, covalent or metallic. 2. Write the chemical formula for: Water- H2O Carbon Dioxide- CO2 Vitamin C- C6H8O6 3. List some of the properties of water and some of the properties of the two elements that chemically bond to form water. Properties of Water- liquid at room temperature / boiling point / density / reacts slowly with other substances Properties of Hydrogen- flammable / gas at room temperature / reactive with other substances / low density Properties of Oxygen- non-flammable / gas at room temperature / reactive with other substances / low density 4. Explain how the properties of Water are different from the properties of the Hydrogen and Oxygen atoms that chemically combine to form Water. Water is a liquid at room temperature and Hydrogen and Oxygen are gases at room temperature. Water puts out fire whereas Hydrogen and Oxygen can make fire greater. The density of water is greater than the density of Hydrogen gas and/or Oxygen gas. ***EXPLORE p2- Answer all questions in COMPLETE SENTENCES where appropriate. Watch all video clips and images. 5. Complete the concept map below. Electrons are grouped in energy levels. The more electrons Positively charged- an atom has, the more energy levels (shells) an atom will NUCLEUS have. The outermost energy level (shell) of an atom is Atoms have a called the valence and the electrons that occupy the Negatively charged- outermost shell are called valence electrons. ELECTRONS 6. Define Covalent Bond using the Interactive Glossary. Illustrate a covalent Hydrogen-Hydrogen covalent bond- bond between two Hydrogen atoms using the Covalent Bonding video clip. Covalent Bond- chemical link between two atoms that share electrons. ***EXPLORE p3- Answer all questions in COMPLETE SENTENCES where appropriate. Watch all video clips and images. 7. Electrons have single negative charges. This means that if an atom loses an electron, it has a net positive charge. If an atom gains an electron, it has a net negative charge. These charged atoms are called ions. When one ion in a compound has a negative charge and the other has a positive charge, the atoms are held close together by attraction between their opposite charges. This attraction forms a bond. Since the bond is formed from opposite-charged ions, it is called an ionic bond. 8. Two Types of Chemical Bonds. Covalent Bonds are formed by a sharing of Ionic Bonds are formed by a transfer of electrons between atoms. electrons between atoms. 9. Illustrate a simple molecule of ammonia and illustrate the extended structure (crystal) of sodium chloride. Ammonia Structural Formula (simple molecule) Sodium Chloride Crystal Structure (extended structure) Ammonia- NH3 .