Cases and Materials on Criminal Law Michael T Molan Head ofthe Division ofLaw South Bank University Graeme Broadbent Senior Lecturer in Law Bournemouth University PETMAN PUBLISHING Contents Preface ix Acknowledgements x Table ofcases xi Table of Statutes xxiii 1 External elements of liability 1 Proof - Woolmington v DPP - Criminal Appeal Act 1968 - The nature of external elements - R v Deller - Larsonneur - Liability for omissions - R v Instan - R v Stone and Dobinson - Fagan v Metropolitan Police Commissioner - R v Miller - R v Speck - Causation in law -Äv Pagett - Medical treatment - R v Sw/YA - R v Cheshire - The victim's reaction as a «ovtt.j öcto interveniens — Rv Blaue - R v Williams 2 Fault 21 Intention -Äv Hancock and Shankland - R v Nedrick - Criminal Justice Act 1967 s.8 - Recklessness -fiv Cunningham - R v Caldwell - R v Lawrence - Elliott \ C -R\ Reid -Rv Satnam; R v Kevra/ - Coincidence of acft« re«i and /nens rea - Thabo Meli v R - Transferred malice -Rv Pembliton -Rv Latimer 3 Liability without fault 56 Cundy v Le Cocq - Sherras v De Rutzen - SWef v Parsley - L/OT CA/« /4/£ v R - Gammon Ltd v Attomey-General for Hong Kong - Pharmaceutical Society ofGreat Britain v Storkwain 4 Factors affecting fault 74 Mistake - Mistake of fact negativing fault -Rv Tolson - DPP v Morgan - Mistake as to an excuse or justification - R v Kimber - R v Williams (Gladstone) - Beckford v R - Intoxication - DPP v Majewski - Rv Caldwell - Rv Hardie - R v Woods - R v O'Grady - Mental Disorder - M'Naghten's Case -Rv Kemp - Rv Sullivan - R v Hennessy - Rv Windle - Automatism - Bratty v Attomey-General for Northern lreland - Rv Quick - Rv Bailey - R v Burgess 5 Compulsion 114 Necessity - R v Dudley and Stephens — R v Bourne - R v Martin — Duress - Ä v Graham - R v Howe — R v Fitzpatrick - Self-defence and the prevention of crime - Defence of oneself - Ä v Mclnnes - Palmer v R — Criminal Law vi Contents Act 1967 - Defence of others - Devlin v Armstrong - Defence of property - Attorney-GeneraVs Reference (No 2 of 1983) 6 Modes of liability 138 Accessorial - Accessories and Abettors Act 1861 - Magistrates Courts Act 1980 - Criminal Law Act 1967 - Modes of liability - Attomey-General's Reference (No 1 of 1975) - Gillick v West Norfolk and Wisbech Area Health Authority - R v Calhaem -Rv Clarkson - Mens rea for secondary parties - R v Bainbridge - Chan Wing-Siu v R - Exceeding the scope of the agreement - R v Anderson and Morris - R v Hyde - R v Saunders and Archer - R v Baldessare -R\ Betts and Ridley - Withdrawal -R\ Becerra and Cooper - R v Whitefield - R v Rook - Innocent agency - R v Cogan and Leak - R v Howe - Vicarious Liability - Vane v Yiannopoullos - R v Winson - Corporate liability - Tesco Supermarkets Ltd v Nattrass - R v P & O European Fernes (Dover) Ltd 7 Preliminary offences 170 Incitement - Invicta Plastics v Cläre — R v Curr — Criminal Law Act 1977 - Criminal Justice Act 1987 - R v Anderson — R v Siracusa — Criminal Attempts Act 1981 - R v Gullefer -Rv Campbell -Rv Jones -Rv Khan - Attomey-General's Reference (No 1 of 1992) - Going Equipped — Theft Act 1968, s.25 -Rv Bundy -Rv Ellames - Impossibility - DPP v Nock -Rv Shivpuri - Rv Fitzmaurice 8 Homicide 198 Provocation - Homicide Act 1957, s.3 - DPP v Camplin - R v Newell - Rv Ahluwalia - R v Johnson - R v Ibrams and Gregory - R v Thornton - R v Ahluwalia - Diminished Responsibility - Homicide Act 1957, s.2 - R v Byrne - R v Sanders - R v Seers - R v Gittens - R v Tandy - Involuntary manslaughter - R v Lamb - R v Cato - R v Dolby - R v Mitchell - R v Goodfellow - R v Watson - DPP v Newbury and Jones - R v Seymour - Kong CheukKwan v R-Rv Prentice 9 Non-fatal offences against the person: assaults 231 Criminal Justice Act 1988, s.39 - DPP v Taylor, DPP v Linie - Offences against the Person Act 1861, s.47 - Fagan v Metropolitan Police Commissioner -Rv Miller -Rv Roberts -Rv Venna - Offences against the Person Act 1861, s.20 - R v Clarence - R v Wilson - R v Mowatt -Rv Savage; R v Parmenter - Offences against the Person Act 1861, s.18 - R v Belfon - Offences against the Person Act 1861, s.23 & 24 - R v Gillard - Consent - Attorney-General's Reference (No 6 of 1980) - R v Aitken and Others -Rv Brown 10 Non-fatal offences against the person: sexual offences 262 Sexual Offences Act 1956 - Sexual Offences (Amendment) Act 1976 - Indecent assault -Rv Court - Rape - R v Olugboja -Rv R Contents vii 11 The elements of theft 278 Theft Act 1968, s.l - Property - Theft Act 1968, s.4 - R v Kohn - Appropriation - Theft Act 1968, s.3 - Lawrence v Metropolitan Police Commissioner — R v Gomez - Belonging to another - Theft Act 1968, s.5 - R v Turner (No 2) - R v Hall - Attorney-General's Reference (No 1 of 1985) - R v Meech - Attomey-General's Reference (No 1 of 1983) - Dishonestly - Theft Act 1968, s.l - R v Ghosh - Intention to permanently deprive - Theft Act 1968, s.6 - R v Lloyd 12 Vehicle taking 317 Theft Act 1968, s.l2 - Taking for his own or another's use - R v Bow - Without the consent of the owner - R v Phipps and McGill — Whittaker and Whittaker v Campbell 13 Deception offences 326 Obtaining property by deception - Theft Act 1968, s.l5 - Obtaining - R v Thompson — By deception - DPP v Ray - Commissioner ofthe Police for the Metropolis v Charles - R v Lambie - Obtaining a pecuniary advantage by deception - Theft Act 1968, s.l6 - R v Callender - Obtaining Services by deception - Theft Act 1978, s.l - R v Widdowson - Evasion of liability by deception - Theft Act 1978, s.2 - R v Holt and Lee -Rv Firth - Making off without payment - Theft Act 1978, s.3 - R v Allen 14 Handling stolen goods 347 Theft Act 1968, s.22 - Identifying goods as stolen - Attomey-General's Reference (No 4 of 1979) - The modes of handling - R v Kanwar - R v Pitchley - By, or for the benefit of, another - R v Bloxham - Knowing or believing the goods to be stolen - R v Grainge 15 Robbery, blackmail and burglary 359 Robbery - Theft Act 1968, s.8 - R v Haie - Corcoran v Anderton - Blackmail - Theft Act 1968, s.21 & s.34(2) - R v Bevans - Unwarranted demand - R v Harvey - Menaces - R v Garwood - Burglary - Theft Act 1968, s.9 - Any building or part of a building - R v Walkington - As a trespasser - R v Collins -Rv Jones and Smith - Aggravated burglary - Theft Act 1968, s.10 - Theft Act 1968, s.l 1 16 Criminal Damage 374 Criminal Damage Act 1971, s.l - Property belonging to another - R v Smith - With intent to endanger life - R v Steer - Without lawful excuse - Criminal Damage Act 1971, s.5 - R v Hill; R v Hall-Jaggard v Dickinson.