Australian Journal of Emergency Management Monograph MONOGRAPH NO. 4 DECEMBER 2019 AFAC19 powered by INTERSCHUTZ Research proceedings from the Bushfire and Natural Hazards CRC Research Forum (peer reviewed) knowledge.aidr.org.au Australian Journal of Emergency Management Monograph No. 4 December 2019 Editor-in-chief Dr John Bates, Bushfire and Natural Hazards CRC Citation AFAC19 powered by INTERSCHUTZ Research Editorial Committee proceedings from the Bushfire and Natural Hazards CRC Research Forum (peer reviewed); Australian Journal of Dr Noreen Krusel, Australian Institute for Disaster Emergency Management, Monograph No. 4, 2019. Resilience Available at knowledge.aidr.org.au David Bruce, Bushfire and Natural Hazards CRC Leone Knight, Australian Institute for Disaster Resilience About the Journal The Australian Journal of Emergency Management is Australia’s premier journal in emergency management. Its Editorial Advisory Board format and content are developed with reference to peak Professor John Handmer, RMIT University (Chair), Dr John emergency management organisations and the Bates (Bushfire and Natural Hazards CRC), Luke Brown emergency management sectors—nationally and (Department of Home Affairs), Bapon (shm) Fakhruddin internationally. The Journal focuses on both the academic (Tonkin + Taylor), Kristine Gebbie (Flinders University), and practitioner reader. Its aim is to strengthen capabilities Julie Hoy (IGEM Victoria), Dr Noreen Krusel (Australian in the sector by documenting, growing and disseminating Institute for Disaster Resilience), Johanna Nalau (Griffith an emergency management body of knowledge. The University), Prof Kevin Ronan (CQUniversity), Martine Journal strongly supports the role of the Australian Woolf (Geoscience Australia). Institute for Disaster Resilience (AIDR) as a national centre of excellence for knowledge and skills development in the emergency management sector. Papers are published in all Editorial Team areas Amy Mulder, Gabriel Zito, Dr Desiree Beekharry, Nicklaus of emergency management. The Journal encourages Mahony, Catrin Harris, Vaia Smirneos, Nathan Maddock. empirical reports but may include specialised theoretical, methodological, case study and review papers and opinion Copyright pieces. The views in the Journal are not necessarily the views of the Australian Government, AIDR or AIDR’s Articles in the Australian Journal of Emergency Management partners. are provided under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) licence that allows reuse subject only to the use being non-commercial and to the article About the Monograph Series being fully attributed (creativecommons.org/licenses/by- nc/4.0). The Australian Journal of Emergency Management Monograph series was established in 2017 to provide © Australian Institute for Disaster Resilience 2019. ongoing and timely publication of information in selected topic areas that are relevant to emergency management and disaster resilience in Australia and internationally. The series publishes peer-reviewed research papers and Contact Us news and views articles as independent publications that are consistent with the objectives and themes of the Mail: Australian Journal of Emergency Management Australian Journal of Emergency Management. Australian Institute for Disaster Resilience Level 1, 340 Albert Street EAST MELBOURNE VIC 3002 Publisher Email: [email protected] The Australian Journal of Emergency Management Phone: +61 3 9419 2388 is published by the Australian Institute for Disaster Resilience – a partnership between the Australian Government, the Bushfire and Natural Hazards Cooperative Research Centre, the Australasian Fire and Emergency Service Authorities Council and the Australian Red Cross. The Journal is published online at knowledge. aidr.org.au Contents Peer reviewed research Foreword Severe weather and climate Dr John Bates 4 Improving flood forecast skill using remote sensing data Ashley Wright, Stefania Grimaldi, Yuan Li, Jeffrey Walker and Valentijn Pauwels 37 Fire behaviour, predictive services and modelling Flood vulnerability functions: detailed vs generalised approach A new decision support tool for prescribed Tariq Maqsood, Ken Dale, Mark Edwards and Krishna burning risk assessment Nadimpalli 45 Hamish Clarke, Brett Cirulis, Ross Bradstock, Matthias 5 Boer, Trent Penman, Owen Price Modelling the vulnerability of a high-set house roof structure to windstorms using VAWS Towards a comprehensive characterisation of Korah Parackal, Martin Wehner, Hyeuk Ryu, John Ginger, flammability and fire danger Daniel Smith, David Henderson and Mark Edwards 52 Albert IJM Van Dijk, Marta Yebra, Geoffrey J Cary and 9 Sami Shah The physical impact of strong winds and heavy rain on residential housing: a pilot study Science in operations: QFES response to the Harald Richter, Craig Arthur, Martin Wehner, David Wilke, 2018 Queensland fires Mark Dunford and Beth Ebert 64 Andrew Sturgess and Mika Peace 15 Experiences with the global impacts of climate Fire weather and prototype fire danger ratings change associated with the Gell River fire, Tasmania Rick McRae 77 Paul Fox-Hughes, Stuart Matthews, Chris Collins, Saskia Grootemaat, Jennifer Hollis, Alex Holmes, Belinda Kenny, John Runcie and Samuel Sauvage 19 Risk Simulations of radiation heat flux on a structure from a fire in an idealised shrubland WHS 2.0 World Health and Safety: Integrating 26 Khalid AM Moinuddin and Duncan Sutherland disaster risk reduction and sustainable development into every workplace using the ACCESS-Fire: coupled fire-atmosphere Sendai Framework, Paris Agreement and the modelling Sustainable Development Goals 32 Mika Peace, Jeff Kepert and Harvey Ye Heidi Chappelow 84 Safety awareness of firefighters and their perception of fire risks in cladding fires Timothy Bo Yuan Chen, Anthony Chun Yin Yuen, Qing Nian Chan and Guan Heng Yeoh 93 Improving flood forecast skill using remote sensing data Ashley Wright, Stefania Grimaldi, Yuan Li, Jeffrey Walker and Valentijn Pauwels 37 Capability, resilience and wellbeing Communications What’s wrong and what needs fixing? Joining the dots: using social media to connect Stakeholder perspectives on making the future with more vulnerable Victorians during of emergency volunteering emergencies Blythe McLennan 103 Peter Hayes, Stan Karanasios Vanessa Cooper and Marta Poblet-Balcell 154 Business involvement in natural disasters in Australia and New Zealand It’s raining news: exploring the impact of mass- Jonathan Van Leeuwen and Andrew Gissing 111 SMS on preparedness for a severe weather event Are we future ready? It depends on who you ask Joan Young, Kirstin Couper and Benjamin Beccari 164 Stephen A Sutton, Douglas Paton, Petra Buergelt, Ella Meilianda and Saut Sagala 121 Disaster and economic resilience in small regional communities: the case of Toodyay Mehmet Ulubasoglu and Farah Beaini 129 Fit for Duty pilot: ensuring the safety of CFA members and increasing access to health services Georgia Thacker, Rohan Luke and Emma Cort 141 Denaturalising heatwaves: gendered vulnerability in urban heatwaves, a review Margareta Windisch 146 Foreword Dr John Bates, Bushfire and Natural Hazards CRC As emergencies and disasters caused by natural hazards increase in frequency and severity across the globe, it is more important than ever to provide decision-makers with the evidence, information and tools that they can use to make the necessary critical decisions. Research is supporting our emergency services, As our demographics change, we expand our cities government and community organisations as they work further into the bush and increase our dependence to prevent, prepare for, respond to and recover from on technology, our exposure to risk intensifies. The natural hazards. economic, social and environmental costs are forecasted to rise in a way that is unprecedented and unsustainable. The Bushfire and Natural Hazards CRC’s Research These challenges are complex, and we should be wary Forum, held as part of the AFAC19 conference powered of quick fix solutions. These research papers are a small by INTERSCHUTZ in Melbourne in August, showcased contribution to the larger discussion. the latest natural hazards science and explored how outcomes can be further integrated into policy and This monograph is complemented by a companion practice to contribute to disaster risk reduction and to monograph (Monograph 5), which includes extended make our communities more disaster resilient. research abstracts from the Research Forum, and I encourage you to take some time to read both of these This Australian Journal of Emergency Management Monographs. Monograph special edition from the Research Forum provides a snapshot of current peer-reviewed research happening right around Australia: including fire behaviour, Dr John Bates predictive services and modelling; severe weather and Research Director climate; risk; capability, resilience and wellbeing; and, Bushfire and Natural Hazards CRC communications. Editor in Chief Australian Journal of Emergency Management Khalid Moinuddin Image: Bushfire and Natural Hazards CRC Australian Institute for Disaster Resilience 4 ABSTRACT In most Australian jurisdictions, the use of A new decision support tool prescribed fire is promoted on the basis of its efficacy in mitigation of risk. Despite this, formal attempts to evaluate effects for prescribed burning risk on risk to people, property and environmental values across different jurisdictions are generally lacking. In assessment particular, there is no basis for