Disaggregated Millennium Development Goals Report for Lithuania 1 2 Disaggregated Millennium Development Goals Report for Lithuania Table of Contents Table of Contents 0 Introduction 0 Millennium Development Goals 0 Methodology 0 3 Demographic trends and snapshots 0 I. The Lithuanian census: 2001 0 II. The population of Lithuania 0 A. Population trends: 1939 to 2002 0 B. Population snapshots 0 III. Vital statistics of Lithuania 0 A. Trends in vital statistics: 1990-2002 0 B. Snapshots of vital statistics: 2002 0 IV. Lithuanian migration 0 A. International migration 0 B. Internal migration: trends from 1990 to 2002 0 V. Total fertility 0 A. Total fertility trends: 1990-2002 0 B. Total fertility snapshot: 2002 0 VI. Marriage and divorce 0 A. Marriage and divorce trends: 1990-2002 0 B. Marriage and divorce snapshot: 2002 0 Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger 0 I. Trends in factors affecting relative poverty: 1996-2002 0 A. Residential area 0 B. Socio-economic group 0 C. Education level of household head 0 D. Household type 0 E. Number of children less than 18 years old in household 0 II. Income and consumption expenditure 0 A. Trends in disposable income by residential area: 1996-2002 0 B. Snapshot of sources of disposable income by residential area: 2002 0 C. Trends in consumption expenditure by residential area: 1996-2002 0 D. Snapshot of expenditure categories by residential area in 2001 0 III. Snapshots of combinations of factors affecting relative poverty: 2002 0 A. Socio-economic group by residential area 0 B. Education level of household head by residential area 0 C. Household type by residential area 0 D. Number of children less than 18 years old in the household by residential area 0 E. Number of children less than 18 years old in the household by household head 0 IV. Markers for poverty at the county level 0 A. Unemployment rates: 1995-2002 0 B. Average monthly gross earnings by county: 1996-2002 0 C. Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita by county: 1997-2002 0 D. Education level of population by county: Census, 2001 0 E. Percentage of population in young and old age groups residing in rural areas by county: 0 F. Percentage of all households with three or more children less than 18 years old by household type and county: Census, 2001 0 V. Conclusions 0 VI. Promise for the future as a New Member of the European Union 0 VII. Recommendations 0 Disaggregated Millennium Development Goals Report for Lithuania 4 Goal 2: Achieve universal primary education 0 I. Primary education 0 II. Secondary education 0 A. Net enrolment rates: 1996-2002 0 B. Historical background 0 C. Dropout rates 0 D. National examinations 0 E. Graduation rates: 1992-2002 0 III. Tertiary education 0 A. Gross enrolment rates: 1992-2002 0 B. Historical background 0 C. Women’s enrolment in different fields of study: 2001 0 D. Women’s enrolment in science, mathematics, and engineering fields of study: 2002 0 E. Dropout rates 0 F. Female share of university graduates: 1995-2002 0 IV. Educational attainment of the population by county: Census, 2001 0 V. Recommendations 0 Goal 3: Promote gender equality and empower women 0 I. The work place 0 A. Labour force activity and employment 0 B. Unemployment 0 C. Female share of employed population and management 0 D. Wages 0 E. Occupation groups 0 II. Female share of governance 0 A. Parliament 0 B. Local government councils and City Hall 0 III. Recommendations 0 Goal 4: Reduce child mortality 0 I. Trends in child mortality: 1990-2002 0 A. Child under 5 years mortality 0 B. Infant mortality 0 C. Perinatal mortality 0 D. Infant (<1 year) mortality by residential area 0 II. Snapshot of child mortality: 2002 0 A. Child (<5 year) mortality by residential area 0 B. Child (<5 Years) mortality by county 0 C. Infant (<1 Year) mortality by cause and residential area 0 III. Trends in childhood immunization coverage: 1995-2002 0 IV. Recommendations 0 Goal 5: Improve maternal health 0 I. Fertility 0 II. Abortion 0 III. Extra-Marital Live Births 0 IV. Recommendations 0 Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases 0 5 I. HIV/AIDS 0 A. HIV incidence 0 B. AIDS incidence 0 C. HIV/AIDS mortality 0 D. Recommendations 0 II. Respiratory tuberculosis 0 A. Respiratory tuberculosis incidence 0 B. Respiratory tuberculosis mortality 0 C. Recommendations 0 III. Other health issues 0 A. Life expectancy 0 B. Mortality 0 C. Regional disparities in life expectancy due to differences in mortality 0 D. The leading causes of death 0 E. Recommendations 0 Goal 7: Ensure environmental stability 0 I. Protecting the territory 0 A. Historical developments affecting changes of the territory 0 B. Actions taken to protect the landscape and Biodiversity 0 C. Recommendations 0 II. Reducing air pollution 0 A. The national air monitoring system 0 B. Air pollutant emissions 0 C. Global warming 0 D. Recommendations 0 III. Reducing wastewater pollution 0 A. Polluted wastewater discharged into surface waters 0 B. Actions taken to reduce polluted wastewater 0 C. Recommendations 0 Goal 8: Develop a global partnership for Development 0 I. Monterrey Consensus 0 II. Lithuanian Policy for Development Cooperation 0 III. Lithuanian Transition Experience and Knowledge 0 Annex: 0 Selected Bibliography 0 Selected References 0 List of Acronyms 0 6 Disaggregated Millennium Development Goals Report for Lithuania Introduction The objective of the Disaggregated Millennium Development Index (HDI) for Lithuania Development Goals (MDG) Report for Lithuania is to progressed in one year with Lithuania provide an in-depth analysis of Lithuania vis-a-vis’ the ranking 45 as opposed to 49 last year Introduction MDGs in a disaggregated mode by county, urban/rural (*statistical data from year 2001). Lithuania 7 and gender breakdowns. The Report shall contribute is established in the group of countries with to the Government’s monitoring of its progress a high HDI for the third consecutive year. towards social inclusion and poverty reduction from Favorable economic performance with growth the perspective of the Millennium Development Goals rate of 8,9 percent, very low inflation, with the particular focus on mitigating regional decline in budget deficit to 1,2 percent of disparities at the country level. GDP, decreased average unemployment rate The Disaggregated MDG Report examines to 11,3 in the third quarter of 2003 and the national situation in relation to other socio-economic achievements placed internationally agreed-upon goals set by the country among the three best prepared action plans or programmes at the UN states for entry into the European Union (EU) Global Conferences and at the Millennium as the European Commission (EC) reported Summit. The national situation is analyzed in November 2003. After assessment of with the special focus on county level Lithuania’s economy, IMF evaluated positively situation vis-a-vis’ MDGs, flagging the most the efforts of Lithuanian Government disadvantaged counties lagging behind the in implementing policies for impressive country’s average on few social indicators economic development, low inflation and fast and particularly exposed to the development integration in the euro zone. Solid socio- challenges addressed by MDGs. The data economic progress and continued policy indicating regional disparities is analysed in efforts should help Lithuania to address a way to raise issues for discussions on the future challenges while undertaking new academic and political levels on the further commitments and taking advantage of the policy implications towards the improvement opportunities of participation in the enlarged of the quality of life of disadvantaged social European Union. groups from the perspective of MDGs. The impressive political and socio-economical This Report draws on the Common Country progress of Lithuania has created a sound basis Assessment (CCA) for Lithuania, which was for the country to evolve from a recipient country done in 2002, that provided a base line into an emerging donor. Successful participation study examining national situation vis-a-vis’ of Lithuania in the international organizations and the Millennium Development Goals. EU membership increasingly touch upon Lithuania’s Lithuania’s socio-economic progress, built obligations to take an active role in the area of on past years’ achievements, has intensified international development cooperation and support especially during 2003 and brought about a the achievement of Millennium Development Goals remarkable performance. Human Development worldwide. Report 20031showed, that the Human 1 Human Development Report. UNDP, 2003. Available from Internet: www.undp.org/hdr2003 On the Occasion of the beginning of the 3rd Millennium, the Secretary General of the United Nations, Mr. Kofi Annan, convened 147 heads of state and Millennium Government to the Millennium Summit, in 2000. The objective of the United Nations was to ask to the world leaders to reaffirm their determination to fight poverty and social exclusion, to combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other Development diseases, to work for peace and to help the Least Developed Countries (LDC) to make progress towards development. During the Millennium Summit, the Heads of state and Government endorsed the Millennium Declaration that includes the Millennium Development Goals Goals (MDGs) (MDGs). In order to translate these shared values into actions, the world leaders identified key objectives to which they assigned special significance. The (MDGs) focuses on eight key areas. Disaggregated Millennium Development Goals Report for Lithuania 8 Goals and Targets Indicators Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger Target 1: Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of 1. Proportion of population below $1 per day (PPP-values) people whose income is less than one dollar a day 2. Poverty gap ratio [incidence x depth of poverty] 3. Share of poorest quintile in national consumption Target 2: Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of 4.