Vol 2 Issue 2 March 2012 ISSN No : 2230-7850 ORIGINAL ARTICLE International Multidisciplinary Research Journal Indian Streams Research Journal Executive Editor Editor-in-Chief Ashok Yakkaldevi H.N.Jagtap Welcome to ISRJ RNI MAHMUL/2011/38595 ISSN No.2230-7850 Indian Streams Research Journal is a multidisciplinary research journal, published monthly in English, Hindi & Marathi Language. All research papers submitted to the journal will be double - blind peer reviewed referred by members of the editorial board.Readers will include investigator in universities, research institutes government and industry with research interest in the general subjects. International Advisory Board Flávio de São Pedro Filho Mohammad Hailat Hasan Baktir Federal University of Rondonia, Brazil Dept. of Mathematical Sciences, English Language and Literature University of South Carolina Aiken Department, Kayseri Kamani Perera Regional Center For Strategic Studies, Sri Abdullah Sabbagh Ghayoor Abbas Chotana Lanka Engineering Studies, Sydney Dept of Chemistry, Lahore University of Management Sciences[PK] Janaki Sinnasamy Ecaterina Patrascu Librarian, University of Malaya Spiru Haret University, Bucharest Anna Maria Constantinovici AL. I. Cuza University, Romania Romona Mihaila Loredana Bosca Spiru Haret University, Romania Spiru Haret University, Romania Horia Patrascu Spiru Haret University, Delia Serbescu Fabricio Moraes de Almeida Bucharest,Romania Spiru Haret University, Bucharest, Federal University of Rondonia, Brazil Romania Ilie Pintea, George - Calin SERITAN Spiru Haret University, Romania Anurag Misra Faculty of Philosophy and Socio-Political DBS College, Kanpur Sciences Al. I. Cuza University, Iasi Xiaohua Yang PhD, USA Titus PopPhD, Partium Christian University, Oradea,Romania ......More Editorial Board Pratap Vyamktrao Naikwade Iresh Swami Rajendra Shendge ASP College Devrukh,Ratnagiri,MS India Ex - VC. Solapur University, Solapur Director, B.C.U.D. Solapur University, Solapur R. R. Patil N.S. Dhaygude Head Geology Department Solapur Ex. Prin. Dayanand College, Solapur R. R. Yalikar University,Solapur Director Managment Institute, Solapur Narendra Kadu Rama Bhosale Jt. Director Higher Education, Pune Umesh Rajderkar Prin. and Jt. Director Higher Education, Head Humanities & Social Science Panvel K. M. Bhandarkar YCMOU,Nashik Praful Patel College of Education, Gondia Salve R. N. S. R. Pandya Department of Sociology, Shivaji Sonal Singh Head Education Dept. Mumbai University, University,Kolhapur Vikram University, Ujjain Mumbai Govind P. Shinde G. P. Patankar Alka Darshan Shrivastava Bharati Vidyapeeth School of Distance S. D. M. Degree College, Honavar, Karnataka Shaskiya Snatkottar Mahavidyalaya, Dhar Education Center, Navi Mumbai Maj. S. Bakhtiar Choudhary Rahul Shriram Sudke Chakane Sanjay Dnyaneshwar Director,Hyderabad AP India. Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya, Indore Arts, Science & Commerce College, Indapur, Pune S.Parvathi Devi S.KANNAN Ph.D.-University of Allahabad Annamalai University,TN Awadhesh Kumar Shirotriya Secretary,Play India Play,Meerut(U.P.) Sonal Singh, Satish Kumar Kalhotra Vikram University, Ujjain Maulana Azad National Urdu University Address:-Ashok Yakkaldevi 258/34, Raviwar Peth, Solapur - 413 005 Maharashtra, India Cell : 9595 359 435, Ph No: 02172372010 Email: [email protected] Website: www.isrj.net Indian Streams Reserach Journal Vol.2,Issue.II/March ; 12pp.1-4 Amol Ramesh Kajale ISSN:-2230-7850 Research Papers Importance of Bhima (Ujjani) for Agriculture of Solapur District Venkatesh S. Katke Assistant Professor, D.A.V. Velankar College of, Commerce Solapur Abstract Solapur District at a Glance :- The presiding deity of Maharashtra, lord vitthal is at Pandharpur in this district. Swami Samarth has followers from all walls of life. Solapur is famous as a textile town, especially owing to its weavers’ Community. Its great strides in the fields of education, literature and cultural prospect brought by the Co- operation movement have made Solapur district an important in modern Maharashtra. The supreme sacrifice by the revolutionaries of Solapur has made it important so that the Martyrs’ Memorial here is saluted daily by thousands of visitors. District. -- Solapur Bhima (Ujjani) 1.Area -- 14886 sq.kms -- km2 11. Industries -- Big – 98 2. Sub-divisions - Solapur,Madha (Kurduwadi), Small – 8986 Pandharpur 12.Languages/Dialects– Marathi, Telgu, 3.Talukas -- Solapur, Barshi, Akkalkot, South Kannada, Urdu Solapur North solapur, Mohol, 13. Folk – Arts - Lavani, Gondhal, Dhangirl, Mangalwedha, Pandharpur, Aradhi and Bhalari songs Sangola, Karmala, Madha,. 14. Weather -- Temperature 5. Distance from Mumbai -- 450 kms Max. – 34.10 Deg. C 6. Means of Transport -- Railway Station – Min. – 21.7 Deg. C Solapur, Mohol, Kurduwadi and Rainfall – 759.80 mm ST Buses (M.S. R. T. C.) (Average) 7. Population -- Total - 38, 55,383 15. Main Crops -- Jawar, Wheat, Sugarcane Male - 19, 90,661 16. Area under Horticulture -- 60000 hectares Female - 18, 64,722 17. Health Infrastructure -- PHCs – 67 8. Literacy -- Per cent – 71.50 Rural Hosp. – 14 Total – 23, 65, 053 Dist. Hosp. – 1 Male – 14, 00, 379 Big Hosp. – 30 Female – 9, 64, 674 18. Tourist Places -- Kudalsangam, Pandharpur, 9. Area under Irrigation -- 4, 83, 915 hectares A k k a l k o t , B a r s h i , 10. Irrigation Projects -- Major – 1 Karmala, Nanaj (North Medium – 2 Solapur taluka) Minor – 69 19. Educational Institutions -- Solapur Imp. Projects – 1 University, Solapur Please Cite This Article As: Venkatesh S. Katke , Importance of Bhima (Ujjani) for Agriculture of Solapur District : Indian Streams Research Journal (March ; 2012) Indian Streams Reserach Journal Importance of Bhima (Ujjani) for Agriculture of Solapur District Vol.2,Issue.II/March; 2012 Colleges – 30 • Reddish Primary Schools – 2838 According to topography the districts is divided in Secondary Schools – 637 three natural zones. 20 . Geographical Information of Solapur • Eastern Zone: This comprises of Barshi, North District. Solapur, South Solapur and Akkalkot Talukas. The Geographically Solapur is located between soil is medium to deep black and of rich quality. 17.10 to 18.32 degrees north longitude and 74.42 Jawar, Bajra and pulses are the main crops of this to 76.15 degrees east longitude. The district is on zone. the south east fringe of Maharashtra State and lies •Central or Tansitional Zone: Mohol, entirely in the Bhima and Seena basins. Whole of Mangalweda, eastern part of Pandharpur and the district is drain either by Bhima river or its Madha Taluka are covered by this zone. Like to tributaries. moderate soil and uncertain rainfall marks this The district is bounded on the north by zone Both Kharif and Rabbi Crops are grown in Ahmednager and Osmanabad district, on the east this part. by Osmanabad and Gulbarga (Karnataka State) • Western Zone: Karmala, Sangola, and districts, on the south by Sangli and Bijapur Malshiras Talukas and western parts of (Karnataka State) and on the west by Satara and Pandharpur come under this zone. Shallow and Pune districts. There is no important hill system in poor types of soil, not retentive of moisture marks the district. Only in the north of Barshi Taluka this part Scanty and uncertain rainfall. Rabbi crops several spurs of Balaghat range pass south for a mainly grown in Karmala, Pandharpur and Madha few kilometers. There are also a few scattered hills Talkas while Kharif crops like Bajra and in Karmala, Madha and Malshiras Talukas. The Groundnut are grown in Sangola and parts of district in general has flat or undulating terrain. Malshiras talukas. The low table land small separate hills in karmala and Madha Talukas act as a Watershed between LAND USE PATTERN: Bhima and Sina rivers. The district covers geographical area of 14844.6 sq.kms. This is • Agricultural Area : 11480 sq.kms 4.82% of the total area of Maharashtra state. Out of • Cultivable not in use : 380 sq.kms the total area district 338.8 sq.kms (2.28%) is •Non-agricultural : 690 sq.kms urban area whereas remaining 14505.8 sq.kms. • Grass Lands and Herbs : 720 sq.kms (97.72%) is rural area. Area-wise karmala Taluka • Forest Cover : 350 sq.kms is biggest covering an area of 1609.7 sq.kms and • Wastelands : 1260 sq.kms North Solapur is smallest covering an area of •Drought prone area (All eleven talukas): 14884.6 736.3.sq.kms. sq.kms TABLE No. 4.1 The Taluka-wise Number of villages and its Agro-climatically entire district come Area (in Sq.Kms.) under rain shadow area. Rainfall is uncertain and scanty. The monsoon period is from second Sr No Name of Talukas No of villages Area in Sq. Kms 1 North Solapur 53 736.3 fortnight of June to end of September bringing 2 South Solapur 89 1195.3 rains from south- west monsoon. The average 3 Akk alkot 135 1390.3 4 Barshi 135 1483.1 rainfall for the district is 545.4 mms. 5 Man galwedha 81 1140.9 6 Pandharpur 94 1303.6 7 Sangola 101 1549.9 TABLE No. 4.2 8 Malshiras 110 1522.2 Talukawise Average Rainfall (in mms.) in 9 Mohol 102 1408.4 Solapur District. 10 Mad ha 116 1544.9 11 Karmala 118 1609.7 Sr No Name of Taluk as Rainfall (in mm s.) 1 North Solapur 617.3 Source: Special Articles – Government of 2 South Solapur 617.3 3 Akkalkot 643.6 Maharashtra, 2004 4 Barshi 594.8 5 Mangalwedha 519.8 6 Pandharpur 523.0 `The soils of the district can broadly be 7 Sangola 462.4 classified into three types. 8 Malshiras 422.8 9 Mohol 573.9 • Black 10 Madha 519.0 • Coarse Gray 11 Karmala 506.0 Please Cite This Article As: Venkatesh S. Katke , Importance of Bhima (Ujjani) for Agriculture of Solapur District : Indian Streams Research Journal (March ; 2012) Indian Streams Reserach Journal Importance of Bhima (Ujjani) for Agriculture of Solapur District Vol.2,Issue.II/March; 2012 Source : Special Articles Government of but now it has been decided to extend the lining of Maharashtra year 2004 channels serving upto 5-8 ha. Blocks. 4.2 PROFILE OF BHIMA (UJJANI ) Physical Status: PROJECT The progress of the main components of Bhima project envisages construction of the project upto March,1989 is briefly as under : composite dam across river Bhima, a tributary of Krishna in Solapur district of Maharashtra and two Dam/Barrage: canals.