View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Liberty University Digital Commons Liberty University School of Divinity PASTORAL BURNOUT OF AFRICAN AMERICAN PASTORS: CREATING HEALTHY SUPPORT SYSTEMS AND BALANCE A Thesis Project Submitted to The Faculty of Liberty University School of Divinity In partial fulfillment of requirements For the degree Doctor of Ministry By William E. Johnson, III Lynchburg, Virginia Fall 2018 Copyright © 2018 by William E. Johnson, III All Rights Reserved ii Liberty University School of Divinity Thesis Project Approval Sheet ___________________ Mentor Dr. Johnny Baker ___________________ Reader Dr. David W. Hirschman iii ABSTRACT PASTORAL BURNOUT OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN PASTORS: CREATING HEALTHY SUPPORT SYSTEMS AND BALANCE William E. Johnson, III Liberty University School of Divinity, 2018 Mentor: Dr. Johnny Baker Pastoral self-care is critical in minimizing the symptoms of burnout in ministry. Caught up in the daily demands of ministry, pastors are under tremendous stress as they try to serve God’s people in multiple roles in ministry. Often, pastors are called upon to be counselors, preachers, project managers, students, social activists, and a moral compass for those they lead. Too often, pastors are expected to perform duties with superhuman perfection, life and ministry can get so crowded with obligations and emergencies that pastor’s maintenance of a healthy lifestyle can become unbalanced or cease to exist. This research study will complement the literature on pastor burnout, physical and spiritual exhaustion, and ministry resiliency. Research information will be a collection of qualitative and quantitative methods. African American pastors of various ages will be interviewed and surveyed about ministry support systems and balances. The perspectives of the research participants are essential to understanding the complexities involved in the increasing number of persons living and serving without healthy support systems and balance. This research study goals and purpose is to develop and implement personal self-care plans, and self-care practices, pastors will learn how to support and equip themselves to handle the ongoing demands of life and ministry. Abstract length: 203 words iv Contents Chapter 1: Introduction ................................................................................................................1 Statement of Problem ................................................................................................................1 Statement of Limitation .............................................................................................................6 Biblical/Theological Basis ..........................................................................................................7 Seven Chosen to Serve .............................................................................................................7 Moses .......................................................................................................................................8 Paul ..........................................................................................................................................8 Elijah ......................................................................................................................................10 Statement of Methodology ......................................................................................................10 Review of Literature ................................................................................................................11 Books .....................................................................................................................................11 Journal Articles ......................................................................................................................18 Scriptures ...............................................................................................................................20 Chapter 2: Overall Understanding of Pastoral Burnout..........................................................24 Definition of Burnout ...............................................................................................................24 Origins of Burnout ...................................................................................................................25 Factors of Burnout ...................................................................................................................30 Personality Factors .................................................................................................................30 Workaholic Factors ................................................................................................................31 Heroism Factors .....................................................................................................................31 Low Self-Esteem Factors .......................................................................................................32 Job Related Factors ................................................................................................................33 Relational Factors ..................................................................................................................35 MeasurinG of Burnout .............................................................................................................37 Signs and Symptoms of Burnout ............................................................................................38 The African American Church and Pastor ...........................................................................41 Characteristics of the African American Church ...................................................................41 Characteristics of the African American Pastor .....................................................................43 Burnout in the African American Pastor ...............................................................................44 v Chapter 3: Understanding Burnout of the African American Pastor in Central and Tidewater VirginiA .......................................................................................................................46 Description of Sample and Procedures ..................................................................................46 Sample ....................................................................................................................................46 Procedures ..............................................................................................................................46 Quantitative – Results of Surveys ..........................................................................................47 Age .........................................................................................................................................47 Years in Ministry ...................................................................................................................48 Sunday Worship Attendance ..................................................................................................48 Factors of Burnout .................................................................................................................49 Hours Spent Weekly on Ministry ..........................................................................................50 Annual Income .......................................................................................................................51 Thoughts of Leaving the Church ...........................................................................................52 Thoughts of Quitting Ministry ...............................................................................................53 Pressure in Ministry ...............................................................................................................53 Solving Pressure in Ministry ..................................................................................................54 Quantitative – Summary of Surveys .....................................................................................55 Qualitative – Results of Interview Questions .......................................................................56 Do you feel hopless and trapped in ministry? ........................................................................56 Are you easily irritated and have little patience with people? ...............................................57 Are you pessismistic about the church, people, profession and denomination? ....................58 Do you feel that you lack control over your circumstances? .................................................59 Do you occupy yourself with trivial activites to escape more important responsibilities? ....60 Do you put off making decisions because they seem overwhelming? ..................................60 Are you just going through the motions (waiting for change, a move, or retirement)? .........61 Do you use alcohol and/or drugs as an escape? .....................................................................62 Approximately how much time do you spend in devotion daily? .........................................62 How much time do you desire to spend in devotion daily? ...................................................65 Qualitative – Summary of Interview Questions ...................................................................65