The Sydney Harbour Federation Trust acknowledges the development of this Cockatoo Island Management Plan by staff at the Sydney Harbour Federation Trust, and is grateful to all those organisations and individuals who have contributed. A special thankyou is given to the members of the Community Advisory Committee and Friends of Cockatoo Island for assisting with the development of the Plan and for their invaluable comments and suggestions throughout the drafting period. Thank you also to the members of the community who attended information sessions or provided comment, and to the staff of the Department of the Environment and Energy, who made a valuable contribution to the preparation of the Plan. Authors: Staff of the Sydney Harbour Federation Trust Main Consultant Providers: Government Architect’s Office, NSW Department of Commerce Godden Mackay Logan Pty Ltd John Jeremy For full list of consultants see Related Studies section of Plan Copyright © Sydney Harbour Federation Trust 2017. This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced by any process without written permission from the Sydney Harbour Federation Trust. Requests and enquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to: Director Marketing, Communications & Visitor Experience Sydney Harbour Federation Trust PO Box 607, Mosman, NSW 2088 or email [email protected] For more information about the Sydney Harbour Federation Trust or to view this publication online, visit the website at: http://www.harbourtrust.gov.au 3 Table of Contents 1. Introduction 8 National and Commonwealth Heritage Values 73 2. Aims of this Plan 12 Condition of Values 77 3. Planning Framework 14 Management Requirements and Goals 80 Relationship with the Harbour Trust’s Comprehensive Plan 14 Conservation Policies 81 Related Harbour Trust Policies and Guidelines 14 8. Outcomes 100 Statutory Planning Context 14 Vision 101 Plans Prepared for Neighbouring Lands 17 Design Outcomes 104 4. Site Description 20 Precinct Outcomes 109 5. Site History 26 Accessibility 130 6. Analysis and Assessment 44 Noise 131 Heritage Listings 44 Water Sensitive Urban Design 132 Conservation Management Plans 45 Water Sensitive Urban Design 132 Archaeological Assessments 46 Remediation and Management Strategy 132 Cultural Landscape 46 Ecologically Sustainable Development 135 Natural Values 47 Interpretation 137 Site Contamination 48 9. Implementation 141 Remediation & Decontamination Works Undertaken to Date 55 Implementation Plan 142 Compliance with the Building Code of Australia 56 Monitoring and Review of the Plan 147 Repairs to Buildings and Structures 56 10. Images and Acknowledgements 149 Condition of Services 57 11. Related Studies 153 Transport Management 59 12. Appendices 157 Noise Impact Assessment 61 7. Heritage Values 64 Cockatoo Island’s Character 64 Summary Statement of Significance, Convict Buildings and Remains CMP 64 Summary Statement of Significance, Cockatoo Island Dockyard CMP 66 World Heritage Listing 67 World Heritage Values 69 World Heritage Listing - Summary Statement of Significance 70 4 Table of Figures Figure 23: Launch of HMAS Success (1984) 42 Figure 1: Management Plan Area 10 Figure 24: Environmental Considerations 50 Figure 2: The Harbour Trust’s Comprehensive Plan 18 Figure 25: Land Bases and Passenger Transport Routes 60 Figure 3: Drawing by JS Prout of Cockatoo Island and Spectacle Figure 26: Outcomes – Overall 106 Island 20 Figure 27: Public Domain Structure 107 Figure 4: Precinct Areas 23 Figure 28: Outcomes – Southern Apron 110 Figure 5: Local Area Context 24 Figure 29: Southern Apron Ideas 111 Figure 6: 1869 engraving depicting convict life on Cockatoo Island Figure 30: Southern Apron – Possible New Building Envelopes112 27 Figure 31: Outcomes – Eastern Apron 117 Figure 7: Phases of Development 28 Figure 32: Eastern Apron Ideas 118 Figure 8: Section through No 5 silo 29 Figure 33: Eastern Apron – Possible New Building Envelope 119 Figure 9: Photograph of quarried sandstone (1890s) 29 Figure 34: Outcomes – Northern Apron 122 Figure 10: Drawing of Cockatoo Island in 1845 31 Figure 35: Northern Apron – Ideas 123 Figure 11: Photograph of young boys from old ship “Vernon” 32 Figure 36: Outcomes – Plateau 127 Figure 12: Photograph of young boys from training ship “Sobraon” Figure 37: Convict Trail 128 (1898) 32 Figure 38: Possible Convict Trail on Plateau 129 Figure 13: Photograph of main walkway through Plateau (1890s)34 Figure 39: Interpretation Opportunities 139 Figure 14: Photograph of weatherboard workroom in the female gaol precinct (1890s) 35 Figure 15: HMS Galatea in the Fitzroy Dock (1870) 35 Figure 16: Engineers’ & Blacksmiths’ Shop (Building 138) c.187036 Figure 17: Photograph of interior of Machine Shop (Building 141) (1914) 37 Figure 18: Photograph of publication: “Cockatoo Docks Sydney 1939-1945 War Record” 38 Figure 19: USS New Orleans 39 Figure 20: Dockyard apprentices assembled at the Fitzroy Dock (1947) 40 Figure 21: Drawing Office (Building 10) 40 Figure 22: Workers involved in refit of the Oberon Class submarines 41 5 6 1. Introduction to be freely accessible to the general public. The island’s rich history will be recognised and will inspire its revival. On 21 August 2003 the Minister for the Environment and Heritage approved a Comprehensive Plan for the harbour sites managed by The island will become home to an array of complementary uses and the Sydney Harbour Federation Trust (the Harbour Trust). The plan, activities, ranging from those which tap into the island’s past, such as which was prepared in accordance with the requirements of the maritime and related industries, to entirely new uses such as cultural Sydney Harbour Federation Trust Act 2001, sets out the Harbour events, short-stay accommodation and restaurants. Trust’s vision for the sites under its control. In keeping with tradition, existing buildings and structures will be A requirement of the Harbour Trust’s Comprehensive Plan is that adaptively reused. Significant heritage artefacts will be conserved more detailed management plans are prepared for specific precincts, and will form an important aspect of the island’s attractions as well places or buildings. In addition to this the Environment Protection and as facilitating people’s understanding of its past. Parkland and Biodiversity Conservation (EPBC) Act 1999 requires the Harbour Trust vantage points will provide opportunities for people to enjoy the to make plans to protect and manage the National Heritage values island and the harbour. and Commonwealth Heritage values of National and Commonwealth Heritage Places. Cockatoo Island is identified on both the National The island’s future has generated great public interest and passion. and the Commonwealth Heritage Lists. However, its planning is also recognised by many as challenging. This is due to the: Cockatoo Island Convict Site is one of 11 historic sites that together form the Australian Convict Sites World Heritage Property. This plan . Difficulties of transporting materials and passengers to and includes measures to protect the World Heritage values of Cockatoo from it; Island. Number, variety and condition of the buildings; . Complex heritage overlays; Accordingly, the purpose of this Management Plan is to guide the . Size of the island; outcomes proposed in the Harbour Trust’s Comprehensive Plan, to . Contamination; and satisfy the requirements of Schedules 5, 5A, 5B, 7A and 7B of the . Hazardous conditions (public safety). Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Regulations 2000 (EPBC Regulation) and to be consistent with the World, National Having regard for these complexities and the length of time during and Commonwealth Heritage management principles. which this plan will be implemented, the Harbour Trust concluded that it is not desirable to attempt to identify detailed outcomes for The Comprehensive Plan proposes the revival of Cockatoo Island as a the whole island. Accordingly, this plan aims to provide a long-term working maritime site and as a functioning, active part of Sydney’s vision and a framework for decision making that is sufficiently flexible cultural life. Its heritage values are to be protected and the island is to accommodate new ideas and change and that is consistent with and does not adversely impact on the statutory heritage values of the 8 place. The Sydney Harbour Federation Trust is committed to the made and the Plan is now considered to be consistent with the conservation of the World, National and Commonwealth Heritage National and Commonwealth Heritage management principles. values of its places, and this commitment is reflected in its Act, its Notice of this Plan was published in the Government Gazette on corporate planning documents and processes. This Management 23 June 2010 and registered as a legislative instrument on Plan, which satisfies sections 316, 324S and 341S of the EPBC Act 2 September 2010. The Plan takes effect from 23 June 2010. 1999, provides the framework and basis for the conservation and management of Cockatoo Island in recognition of its heritage values. In 2016, the Plan was reviewed in accordance with ss 324W and 341X of the EPBC Act, which recommended the Plan be amended. The Plan The Harbour Trust’s Heritage Strategy, which details the Harbour (as amended) takes effect from the date after registration on the Trust’s objectives and strategic approach for the conservation of Federal Register of Legislative Instruments. heritage values, was