A Dye *Unless otherwise noted all references are to Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. Plant # Chemicals Total PPM Abies spectabilis 1 Abies alba Silver-Fir 1 Acacia nilotica Babul 3 Acacia catechu Black Cutch; Catechu 2 Achillea millefolium Milfoil; Yarrow 3 Achyranthes aspera Chaff Flower 1 Aconitum napellus Turk's Cap; Soldier's Cap; Blue Rocket; Monkshood; Bear's-Foot; Queen's Fettle; Aconite; European Aconite; 1 Garden Monkshood; Garden Wolfsbane; Friar's Cap; Helmet Flower Actinidia chinensis Kiwi 1 Adonis vernalis Spring Adonis 1 Aesculus hippocastanum Horse Chestnut 2 Agastache pallidiflora 1 Agave americana Century Plant; Maguey 1 Agrimonia eupatoria Agrimony; Sticklewort 1 Allium schoenoprasum Chives 1 Allium sativum var. sativum Garlic 3 Allium cepa Onion; Shallot 3 Alocasia macrorrhiza Giant Taro 1 Aloe vera Aloe; Bitter Aloes 1 Althaea officinalis Marshmallow; White Mallow 1 Ammi visnaga Visnaga 2 Anacardium occidentale Cashew 1 Anethum graveolens Dill; Garden Dill 1 Angelica sinensis Dang Gui; Dong Quai; Dong Gui; Chinese Angelica; Dang Quai; Dang Qui 1 Angelica archangelica Wild Parsnip; Garden Angelica; Angelica 1 Anogeissus latifolia Gum Ghatti 2 Apium graveolens Celery 2 Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Bearberry; Uva Ursi 1 Ardisia japonica Marlberry 1 Arnica montana Leopard's-Bane; Mountain Tobacco 1 Artemisia dracunculus Tarragon 2 Artemisia annua Annual Mugwort (GRIN); Sweet Wormwood (GRIN); Annual Wormwood (GRIN); Sweet Annie; Qinghao 1 Artocarpus heterophyllus Jackfruit 1 Arundo donax Giant Reed 1 Asparagus officinalis Asparagus 1 Atropa bella-donna Belladonna 1 Averrhoa carambola Star Fruit; Carambola 1 Azadirachta indica Neem 1 Balanites aegyptiacus betu (India); hingotia (India); Desert Date; Soapberry Tree; dattier du desert (Fr.); dattier sauvage (Fr.); lalo 1 (India); mirobalano de Egipto (Sp.); Zachunbaum (Ger.); zachun (India); heglik (Fr.) Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases Downloaded Sat Sep 25 20:33:41 EDT 2021 National Agricultural Library Plant # Chemicals Total PPM Beta vulgaris Garden Beet; Beet; Sugar Beet; Beetroot 1 Bixa orellana Lipsticktree; Annoto; Lipstick Pod; Bija; Annatto; Annato; Arnato; Achiote 1 260000.0 Brassica oleracea var. sabellica l. Kale; Curly Kale; Scotch Kale; Kitchen Kale 1 Brassica oleracea var. italica Broccoli; Sprouting Broccoli; Winter Broccoli; Calabrese; Cape Broccoli; Purple Cauliflower; Heading 3 Broccoli; Asparagus Broccoli Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera Brussels-Sprouts; Brussel-Sprout 1 Brassica oleracea var. capitata l. Red Cabbage; White Cabbage; Cabbage 1 Brassica oleracea var. botrytis l. Cauliflower 3 Calea zacatechichi Dog's Grass; Mexican Calea; Bitter Grass 1 Camellia sinensis Tea 2 Capparis spinosa Caperbush; Caper 1 Capsella bursa-pastoris Shepherd's Purse 1 Capsicum frutescens Hot Pepper; Spur Pepper; Chili; Tabasco; Cayenne; Red Chili 1 Capsicum annuum Cone Pepper; Bell Pepper; Cherry Pepper; Paprika; Sweet Pepper; Green Pepper 2 Carthamus tinctorius Safflower 1 12000.0 Carum carvi Comino (Sp.); Caraway; Kummel (Ger.); Carum; Comino de prado (Sp.) 1 Catalpa ovata Kisasage; Hsin-Pa-Pi 1 Caulophyllum thalictroides Blue Cohosh 1 Ceratonia siliqua St.John's-Bread; Locust Bean; Carob 2 32200.0 Chelidonium majus Celandine 1 Cichorium intybus Chicory; Succory; Witloof 1 Cinchona pubescens Redbark; Red Peruvian-Bark; Quinine; Red Cinchona 2 Citrullus colocynthis Colocynth 1 Citrus sinensis Orange 3 Citrus paradisi Grapefruit 1 Citrus aurantiifolia Lime 1 Cocos nucifera Coconut; Cocotero (Sp.); Copra; Nariyal; Coconut Palm; Kokospalme (Ger.) 1 Commiphora wightii Indian Bdellium-Tree; Guggul 1 Commiphora myrrha Myrrhe (Fr., Ger.); Myrrh; African Myrrh; Somali Myrrh; Mirra (Sp. It.); Herabol Myrrh 1 Conium maculatum Hemlock; Fool's Parsley; Poison Hemlock; Carrot Fern; Spotted Parsley; Spotted Hemlock 1 92000.0 Conyza canadensis Horseweed; Butterweed; Hogweed 1 Coriandrum sativum Coriander; Chinese Parsley; Cilantro 1 Coriaria thymifolia Shanshi; Ground Toot 1 Coriaria myrtifolia Mealy Tree 1 Corylus avellana European Filbert; European Hazel; Hazel; Cobnut; English Filbert 1 Costus speciosus Wild Ginger; Crepe Ginger; Cane Reed 1 Crataegus rhipidophylla Hawthorn 1 Crataegus laevigata Hawthorn; English Hawthorn; Whitethorn; Woodland Hawthorn 1 Crocus sativus Saffron 1 Curcuma zedoaria Shoti; Zedoary 1 2000.0 Curcuma xanthorrhiza Temu Lawak; Javan Turmeric 1 20000.0 Curcuma longa Turmeric; Indian Saffron 1 94888.0 Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases Downloaded Sat Sep 25 20:33:41 EDT 2021 National Agricultural Library Plant # Chemicals Total PPM Cycas revoluta Sago Cycas 1 Daphne genkwa Yuan Hua 1 Datura stramonium Jimsonweed 1 Daucus carota Carrot 4 Dianthus barbatus Sweet William 1 Digitalis purpurea Purple Foxglove 1 Duboisia myoporoides Pituri; Corkwood Tree 1 Equisetum arvense Horsetail; Field Horsetail 1 Eriobotrya japonica Loquat 1 Erythroxylum coca Coca 1 Eschscholzia californica California Poppy 2 Eucalyptus globulus Tasmanian Bluegum; Blue Gum; Eucalypt 2 Eucommia ulmoides Gutta-Percha Tree; Tu Chung; Du Zhong 1 Euphorbia tirucalli Aveloz 1 Euphorbia hirta Queensland Asthma Herb 1 Fagopyrum esculentum Buckwheat 1 Fallopia japonica Japanese Knotweed; Giant Knotweed; Hu-Zhang; Mexican Bamboo 1 Ficus carica Feigenbaum (Ger.); Figuier Commun (Fr.); Higo (Sp.); Fico (Ital.); Higuera Comun (Sp.); Fig; Echte Feige (Ger.); 2 Figueira (Port.) Fragaria spp Strawberry 1 Fritillaria thunbergii Fritillary; Bei-Mu 1 Fucus vesiculosus Kelp; Bladderwrack 1 Galega officinalis Goat's Rue; Galega 1 Garcinia mangostana Mangostin; Mangosteen 1 Garcinia cambogia Malabar Tamarind; Brindleberry; Garcinia 1 Gardenia jasminoides Jasmin; Shan-Chih-Tzu; Zhi Zi; Shan-Zhi-Zi; Gardenia; Cape Jasmine 1 Geranium thunbergii Oriental Geranium; Gennoshiouko 2 Ginkgo biloba Ginkgo; Maidenhair Tree 3 Glechoma hederacea Alehoof 1 Glycine max Soybean 4 Haematoxylum campechianum Logwood; Campechy 1 Hamamelis virginiana Witch Hazel 1 Helianthus annuus Girasol; Sunflower 1 Hibiscus sabdariffa Red Sorrel; Jamaica Sorrel; Kharkadi; Sorrel; Malventee (Ger.); Roselle; Sereni (Sp.); Acedera de Guinea (Sp.); 1 Indian Sorrel; Rosella (Ger.); Rosa de Jamaica (Sp.) Hippophae rhamnoides Sea Buckthorn; Yellow Spine; Sallow Thorn 1 Houttuynia cordata Yu Xing Cao; Dokudami; Fishwort 1 Humulus lupulus Hops 1 Hypericum perforatum Hypericum; Common St. Johnswort; St. John's-wort; Goatweed; Klamath Weed 3 Ilex paraguariensis Paraguay Tea; Mate; South American Holly 1 38000.0 Jatropha curcas Purging Nut; Physic Nut 1 Juglans regia English Walnut 2 Juglans nigra Black Walnut 1 Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases Downloaded Sat Sep 25 20:33:41 EDT 2021 National Agricultural Library Plant # Chemicals Total PPM Juglans cinerea Butternut 1 Juniperus macropoda Indian Juniper; Himalayan Juniper 1 Juniperus communis Juniper; Common Juniper 1 Kalanchoe pinnata Siempre Viva; Air Plant 1 Kalanchoe daegrimontiana Devil's-Backbone 1 Laurus nobilis Bay Laurel; Grecian Laurel; Laurel; Bayleaf; Bay; Sweet Bay 1 Lawsonia inermis Mignonette Tree; Mignonette; Jamaica-Mignonette; Henna 2 100000.0 Leonurus cardiaca Motherwort 1 Liquidambar styraciflua Sweetgum; American Styrax 1 Lupinus albus White Lupine 1 Lycopersicon esculentum Tomato 3 60.0 Maclura pomifera Osage-Orange; Hedge Apple 2 Mahonia japonica Hiiragi-Nanten; Japanese Ashberry 1 Malus domestica Apple 4 2.0 Mangifera indica Mango 1 Matricaria recutita German Camomile; Annual Camomile; Wild Camomile 1 Medicago sativa Lucerne; Alfalfa 3 Melia azedarach Chinaberry 1 Melissa officinalis Lemonbalm; Balm; Bee Balm; Melissa 1 Mentha longifolia Biblical Mint 1 Mercurialis annua Annual Mercury 1 Morinda citrifolia Indian Mulberry; Noni 1 Morus alba White Mulberry; Sang-Pai-Pi 4 8800.0 Musa x paradisiaca Banana; Plantain 3 206.0 Nerium oleander Oleander 1 Nicotiana tabacum Tobacco 3 Ocimum tenuiflorum Anise-Scented Basil 1 Ocimum sanctum Tulsi; Holy Basil 1 Ocimum basilicum Sweet Basil; Cuban Basil; Basil 2 Oenanthe aquatica Water Fennel; Water Hemlock 1 Ononis spinosa Hauhechel (Ger.); Restharrow; Spiny Restharrow 1 Opuntia ficus-indica Indian Fig; Prickly Pear; Nopalito; Nopal 3 Oryza sativa Rice 1 Panax quinquefolius American Ginseng; Ginseng 2 80000.0 Panax ginseng Ginseng; Oriental Ginseng; Chinese Ginseng; Korean Ginseng 3 Papaver somniferum Opium Poppy; Poppyseed Poppy 1 Petroselinum crispum Parsley 1 Phaseolus vulgaris Haricot Vert; Wax Bean; Snap Bean; Pop Bean; Field Bean; Flageolet Bean; String Bean; Haricot Bean; Green 1 Bean; Dwarf Bean; Haricot; Garden Bean; Popping Bean; Black Bean; Kidney Bean; French Bean; Navy Bean Phoenix dactylifera Date Palm 2 820.0 Phyllanthus niruri Seed On The Leaf 1 Physalis ixocarpa Tomatillo 1 40.0 Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases Downloaded Sat Sep 25 20:33:41 EDT 2021 National Agricultural Library Plant # Chemicals Total PPM Phytolacca americana Pokeweed 1 Pimenta dioica Allspice; Pimenta; Pimento; Clover-Pepper; Jamaica-Pepper 1 Pinus sylvestris Scotch Pine 1 400.0 Pinus mugo Dwarf Pine; Swiss Mountain Pine 1 Piper nigrum Pepper; Black Pepper; White Pepper 2 Piscidia piscipula Jamaica Dogwood 1 Pistacia vera Pistachio 1 Pisum sativum Pea 2 Plantago ovata Ispaghula; Indian Plantago; Spogel Seeds; Psyllium; Blond Psyllium 1 Plantago major Common Plantain 1 Plantago asiatica Asian Plantain 1 Platycodon grandiflorum Jie-Geng; Balloon Flower; Chieh-Keng 1 Plumeria